G:\Finds\BM\Fabrics\POST-ROMAN\Post roman roof tile fabrics.doc
Medieval and post-medieval roof tile fabrics
July 2007
NB pantile fabrics are listed separately below
*: occurrence is occurrence in London
Peg and ridge tile
Fabric 2271
Red, reddish-orange, grey core commonly present
Fine fabric, with scatter of muscovite mica (up to 0.05mm), red iron oxide and calcium carbonate (up to 1mm). A small quantity of quartz (up to 0.7mm) usually present
Very common*
Fabric 2272
Reddish-orange, grey core commonly present
Distinct shelly fabric, otherwise like 2273
Rare
Fabric 2273
Reddish-orange, grey core commonly present
Sandy fabric with frequent large quartz (up to 1mm) with varying amounts of calcium carbonate (up to 2mm). Occasional gastropod shells
Very common
Fabric 2274
Brownish-red, some with grey cores
Fine sandy fabric with abundant small quartz (up to 0.3mm) with occasional red and black iron oxide (up to 0.5mm). So-called ‘London ware’ pottery fabric
Fairly rare
Fabric 2276
Red
Similar to fabrics 2271 and 2586 except with fine moulding sanding
Very common
Fabric 2277
Orange-red, some with grey core
Similar to 2271 but characterised by large inclusions scattered through clay matrix
Very rare
Fabric 2278
Light brown, creamy-white, yellow
Fine texture with scatter of quartz (up to 0.8mm). Yellow or red clay bands in some tiles
Fairly rare
Fabric 2537
Brownish-orange
Fine, fairly soft with distinct large white inclusions scattered through the clay matrix. Frequent red iron oxide
Rare
Fabric 2586
Orange, red
Common quartz (up to 0.5mm), a more sandy version of 2271
Very common
Fabric 2587
Orange, red
Fine sandy fabric with frequent quartz (up to 0.2mm). Frequent lighter clay bands and rounded inclusions (up to 5mm) giving a lumpy clay texture. Numerous very small black iron oxide grains (up to 0.05mm) and larger red iron oxide (up to 2mm)
Very common
Fabric 2816
Orange, red
Fine sandy with frequent quartz inclusions (up to 0.3mm), silty streaks and occasional red iron oxide (up to 1mm)
Very common
Fabric 3062
Orange
Common quartz up to 0.3mm. Cream pellets (up to 2.0mm), red clay/iron oxide inclusions (up to 1.0mm) and occasional flint inclusions
Rare
Fabric 3090
Red, orange
Numerous very small black iron oxide grains (up to 0.05mm) (as fabric 2587). Numerous small quartz (up to 0.5mm). Occasional larger red iron oxide and clay inclusions (up to 1.0mm)
Very common
Fabric 3091
Brownish-orange
Fairly frequent quartz (up to 0.5mm) and prominent iron oxide and silty clay inclusions (up to 7mm)
Very rare
Fabric 3094
Orange
Fine sandy fabric with common quartz (up to 0.3mm). Scatter of white calcium carbonate (up to 0.3mm) and red iron oxide (up to 1mm). Occasional very small black iron oxide in the clay matrix (0.01mm)
Fairly common
Fabric 3097
Red, reddish-orange
Common white silty and/or calcium carbonate inclusions (up to 1mm) and occasional cream silty bands. Scatter of quartz and dark red iron oxide (up to 0.8mm)
Rare
Fabric 3201
Orange, pink, cream
Generally fine fabric with common small white and cream silty inclusions (up to 0.2mm) with occasional thin silty bands. A scatter of quartz and black and red iron oxide (up to 0.5mm). Occasional calcium carbonate inclusions (up to 1mm). Sometimes lenses of quartz sand
Fairly rare
Fabric 3204
Orange
Silty fabric with common thin cream and red clay bands, plus common rounded cream inclusions (up to 1mm). Fairly frequent quartz (up to 0.4mm)
Very rare
Fabric 3205
Orange
Numerous cream silty bands and rounded inclusions in orange clay matrix. Common rounded orange clay inclusions (up to 4mm)
Very rare
Fabric 3216
Red, orange
Very fine sandy fabric, with numerous very small quartz (up to 0.05mm) with occasional large grains up to 0.5mm. Common mica (up to 0.05mm). Occasional iron oxide grains up to 3mm
Fairly common
Fabric 3228
Brown
Sandy fabric, as fabric 2273 but with smaller quartz (up to 0.3mm)
Rare
Fabric 3243
Pink, yellow, cream
Scatter of quartz (up to 1mm).occasional white calcium carbonate (up to 0.1mm). Thin red silty lenses in some tiles
Very rare
Fabric 3245
Yellow
Lumpy clay texture with scatter of quartz (up to 0.2mm), white calcium carbonate (up to 2mm) and black iron oxide (up to 3mm)
Very rare
Fabric 3258
Light brown
Common small quartz (up to 0.2mm). Occasional cream silty inclusions (up to 2mm)
Rare
Fabric 3265
Orangey-brown
Scattered small quartz (up to 0.3mm) with occasional larger quartz (up to 1mm)
Rare
Fabric 3273
Orange, brown
Fine silty clay matrix with brown, cream and orange bands. Scatter of rounded cream silty and orange clay inclusions (up to 2mm)
Rare
Pantile fabrics
Fabric 2275
Orange, red
Frequent red and black iron oxide (up to 2mm). Occasional quartz (up to 0.7mm) and white silty bands
Common
Fabric 2279
Orange
Fairly sandy fabric with common medium sized quartz (up to 0.5mm). Scatter of white calcium carbonate and dark red iron oxide (up to 0.3mm)
Fairly rare
Fabric 2587
Same clay source as peg and ridge tile (see above)
Fabric 3085
Pink and light brown
Scatter of red clay inclusions 9up to 5mm0 and small quartz (up to 0.2mm)
Rare
Fabric 3090
Same clay source as peg and ridge tile (see above)
Fabric: 3094
Same clay source as peg and ridge tile (see above)
Fabric 3202
Brownish-orange
Scatter of quartz (up to 0.3mm) and red and black iron oxide (up to 0.8mm)
Fabric 3203
Orangey-brown
White speckled clay matrix with scatter red and black iron oxide (up to 1mm)
Fabric 3225
Orange
Scatter of very small white speckles in silty clay matrix. Scatter of small quartz (up to 0.1mm) and black iron oxide (up to 1mm)
Fabric 3259
Orange
Frequent small quartz (up to 0.2mm) with scatter of red iron oxide and white calcium carbonate (up to 1mm)
Kiln furniture
Fabrics 3233 and 3234 are kiln furniture, but could have been used as building material.
Fabric 3233
Red
Frequent quartz (up to 1mm) with scatter of black iron oxide (up to 0.8mm). Occasional cream silty and orange clay bands
Fabric 3234
Pink, cream
Abundant silty cream rounded inclusions (up to 5mm) and thin bands. Scatter of dark red and black iron oxide (up to 5mm)
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