Unit I.Appearance and Character

UNIT I.APPEARANCE AND CHARACTER

GRAMMAR: COMPLEX OBJECT. ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF TIME

Pre-reading questions:

1. What questions do we usually ask if we want to know the appearance of someone we have never seen?

1. What do ballet dancers (boxers, models, etc) look like?

1. Describe your friend’s appearance.

TEXT: “THE GIRLS IN THEIR SUMMER DRESSES”

Skim the text (when you skim the text you just look through the text quickly. You should try to understand important ideas, general meaning).

Work in pairs:

Find out:

1. how the writer introduces the pattern of Michael’s attitude towards women? Is it humorous at first, almost a joke?

1. how serious Michael seems when he talks about marriage?

1. if Frances seems to be deeply in love with Michael.

1. how Frances reacts to Michael’s confession about his true feelings?

Fifth avenue was shining in the sun when they left the Brevoort. The sun was warm, even though it was February, and everything looked like Sunday morning – the buses and the well-dressed people walking slowly incouples and the quiet buildings with the windows closed.

Michael held Frances’s arm tightly as they walked toward Washington Square in the sunlight. Michael unbuttoned his coat and let it flap around him in the mild wind.

“Lookout,”Frances said as they crossed Eighth Street. “You’ll break your neck». Michael laughed and Frances laughed with him.

“She’s not so pretty,”Frances said. “Anyway, not pretty enough to take a chance of breaking your neck.”

Michael laughed again. “How did you know I was looking at her?”

Francespattedhisarmlightly and pulled him along a little faster toward Washington Square. “Let’s not see anybody all day,” she said. “Let’s just hang around with each other. You and me. I want to go out with my husband all day long. I want him to talk only to me and listen only to me.”

“What can stop us?” Michael asked.

“The Stevensons. They expect us to dropby around one o’clock and they’ll drive us to the country.”

“The cunning Stevensons,” Mike said. ‘To be quite honest about it, I hate to go somewhere with them. They can go driving in the country by themselves.”

“Let me arrange a program»Frances said. A planned Sunday in New York for a young couple with money tothrowaway.”“I am not against it atall.”

“First let’s go to the Metropolitan Museum of Art,”Frances suggested, because Michael had said during the week he wanted to go. Then we can take the bus down to RadioCity and watch them skate. And later we’ll go down to Cavanagh’s and get a steak as big as a blacksmith’s apron, with a picture at the Filmarte that everybody says – say, are you listening to me?”

“Sure,” he said. He took his eyes off the hatless girl with the dark hair, cut dancer-style like a helmet, who was walking past him.

“You always look at other women,”Frances said. “Everywhere. Every place we go.”

“No, darling,” Michael said, “I look at everything. God gave me eyes and I look at women and men in subway excalations and morning pictures and the little flowers of the field. I casually inspect the universe.”

“I’m a happily married man.” Michael pressed her elbow tenderly. “Example for the whole twentieth century – Mr. and Mrs. Mike Loomis. Hey, let’s have a drink”, he said, stopping.

“We just had breakfast.”

“Now listen, darling,” Mike said, choosing his words with care, «it’s a nice day and we both felt good and there’s no reason why we have to break it up. Let’s have a nice Sunday.”

“All right. I don’t know why I started this. Let’s drop it. Let’s have a good time. Let’s enjoy ourselves!”

They joined the people walking between the crowded benches, under the scrubby citypark trees.

“I try not to notice it,”Frances said, “but I see that look in your eye and that’s the way you looked at me the first time. It makes me feel terrible. I think I would like to have a drink now,”Frances said.

They walked over to a bar on Eighth Street, without saying anything. He sighed and closed his eyes and rubbed them gently with his fingertips. “I like the way women look. One of the things I like best about New York is the battalions of women. When I think of New York City I think of all the girls on parade in the city. I don’t know whether it’s something special with me or whether every man in the city walks around with the same feeling inside him, but I feel as though I am at a picnic in the city. I like to sit near the women in the theatres, the famous beauties who’ve taken six hours to get ready and look it. And the young girls at the football games, with the red cheeks, and when the warm weather comes, the girls in their summer dresses”. He finished his drink. “That’s the story.”

She began to cry silently into her handkerchief, bent over just enough so that nobody else in the bar would notice. “Someday,” she said, crying, “you are going to make a move. You don’t even know that I need you badly.” Michael didn’t say anything. He watched the bartender slowly peel a lemon. Frances stopped crying then. Two or three snuffles into the handkerchief and she put it away and her face didn’t tell anything to anybody. Frances regarded Michael coolly across the table. “Do you want me to call the Stevensons?” she asked. “It’ll be nice in the country.”“Sure,” Michael said. “Call them. I promise you’ll bepleased to meet them.” She got up from the table and walked across the room toward the telephone. Michael watched her walk, thinking what a pretty girl, what nice legs.

(after Irwin Shaw)

NOTE: Irwin Shaw (1913-1984) was born Irwin Gilbert Shamforoff in Bronx in New York to Jewish immigrants from Russia. His parents changed their family name to Shaw and moved to Brooklyn, where the young Irwin spent most of his childhood. At the age of 21 Shaw started his career as a writer. During World War II Shaw served in the US Army. Shaw’s war experiences in Europe gave basis for his novel “The Young Lions” (1948) which became a huge success. In 1951 he left the United States living 25 years in Europe. There he continued to write several bestsellers including “Two Weeks in Another Town” (1960), “Rich Man, Poor Man” (1970) and “Evening in Byzantium” (1973), “Nightwork” (1975).

VOCABULARY

even advдаже. He didn’t even help me carry my heavy bag, he was that angry with me.

look vi 1.выглядеть, казаться. Howdid she look when you saw her? She looked pleased (happy, sad, ill, well, older, worn out, tired,etc). Phr What does she look like?Как она выглядит? (Какая у нее внешность?) She is tall, very good-looking. 2. look like (= be like) sb. походить, быть похожим на кого-л. Helookslikehisfather. He looks like a scientist. 3. lookforsb/sth искатького-л/что-л) 4. lookaftersb/sth присматриватьза кем-л/чем-л.

pull vt тащить, тянуть. The woman was pulling the child by the hand. Don’t pull the door, push it. Phr pull oneself together – взятьсебявруки, встряхнуться.

expect vt 1.oжидать, ждать expect a visitor (a letter, question, rain, etc). I expected you yesterday. 2. расчитывать, надеяться. I expect to be back on Sunday. We expect you to help us; expectation n ожидание, in expectation of sth вожидании /впредвкушении/ чего-л, according to expectations какиследовалоожидать; against expectations – вопрекиожиданиям, beyond expectations – сверхожидания.

honest adj честный. An honest man (face, look, smile, decision). Phr to be honest with sb – быть откровенным, честным с кем-н; dishonest adj –нечестный, бесчестный; (dis) honesty n (не) честность, (не) порядочность, бессoвестность. She was dismissed for dishonesty. Она была уволена за воровство.

arrange vt 1. устраивать, организовывать, договариваться. Arrange a party (meeting, trip, etc). We’ve arranged to meet on Saturday. I’ve arranged fora meeting next week. 2. приводитьвпорядок, расставлять (книги, мебель…) to arrange books in a bookcase (furniture, etc), to arrange one’s business (plans, etc); arrangement n 1. cоглашение, договоренность There is an arrangement between them about the price (payment, etc). Phr to have (make) an arrangement (with sb) – уславливаться, договариваться c (кем-н) 2. plприготовления, мероприятия, планыPhrmakearrangements (forsth) делать приготовления (кчему-н).

feel vt (felt) 1. чувствовать, ощущать, испытывать I felt somebody push me in the crowd. What did you feel when you first climbed a dangerous rock? 2. полагать, считать. He felt it necessary to say something. 3. чувствоватьсебя. How do you feel? I feel well (bad, better, worse, all right, ill etc); feeling n чувство, ощущение. I had a feeling that somebody was watching me. She spoke with feeling.

enjoy vt 1. наслаждаться (чем-л.), веселиться, хорошо проводить время Did you enjoy your holiday? Вы хорошо провели время? Phr enjoy oneself приятно проводить время, развлекаться. Не еnjoyed himself in the Crimea. Он весело провел время в Крыму; еnjoyment n наслаждение, удовольствие to take great enjoyment in sth наслаждаться чем-то, находить удовольствие в чем-то.2. любитьчто-либо, получатьудовольствие (отчего-либо) toenjoymusic (afilm, poetry, concert, trip, etc) Heenjoyslife = онжизнелюб. I enjoy talking to her.

join vt 1. присоединяться (к) May I join you? Могуяквамприсоединиться? join sb in some activity He joined us in the game (in the conversation (buton the trip; for an excursion) 2. вступать (в); статьчленом (клуба, обществаит.д.) join a sports club (society, etc.); join the army

way n 1.путь, дорога. A long (short, hard, etc) way. You have taken the right (wrong) way. Phr on the (one’s) way home (to some place) – подороге домой; on the (one’s) way back – наобратномпути; Phr by the way – кстати, междупрочим 2. средство, способ, метод, манера, образдействия. I don’t like the way you look at other people. She doesn’t like my way of laughing. What is the quickest way of learning to drive a car? In (such a, this, friendly etc.) way – такимобразомIf you treat them in such a way they will be hurt. Where there’s a will there’s a way. Было бы желание!

make vt (made) заставлять, побуждать make sb do sth, make sb work (read, speak, laugh, cry, think, etc), make sb angry – рассердитького-н, make sb (un) happy –сделатького-тосчастливым, несчастным make a move – двинутьсякуда-н.

without prep. 1. без (кого-н, чего-н; означает отсутствие). It’s difficult to plant a tree without help. Phrto dowithout (sb/sth) – обходиться без (кого-н/чего-н). She can’t do without music. 2. не (означаетхарактердействия). She left the room without saying good-bye.

need vt нуждаться (в ком-н/чем-н). Need a book (dress, clothes); need money (time, sb’s help, sb’s advice, etc). How much time do you need to repair this machine? I needn’t do this work at once; need n необходимость, нужда. Phr be in need of sth –нуждаться. Are you in need of help?

badly adv сильно, очень. I need your advice badly. He is badly ill. To be badly off – нуждаться, быть в трудном положении. He is badly off for friends – с друзьями у него дело плохо; у него мало друзей.

promise vt обещать. Promise sb (one's) help (a book, a lift, etc). He promised to call at her place soon. Phrgive(make) a (one’s) promise – давать oбещание; keep one’s promise – сдержатьобещание; break one’s promise – нарушитьобещание; promising adj многообещающий, a promising writer (student, etc).

be (dis)pleased withsb/sth быть (не)довольным (кем-л./чем-л.). He is very pleased with himself. Оноченьдоволенсобой. I am pleased to meet you. They were very pleased with his report.

Word combinations

to walk in couples гулятьпарами

look out осторожно! Берегись!

pat sb’s arm lightly/tightly похлопать кого-н по руке легонько/с

силой

to drop by зайти, заглянуть, проходя мимо

to throw sth away выбрасывать, разбрасывать, сорить

деньгами

EXERCISES

COMPREHENSION

Ex. 1. Read the text again and answer comprehension questions.

1.What was the weather like in February?

2.What did Michael do when he was going with Frances towards Washington Square?

3.Why did Frances ask Michael to look out?

4.Why didn’t Frances want to see anybody all day long?

5.Did they want to visit the Stevensons?

6.Who arranged the program?

7.Where did they decide to go?

8.Why was Frances so disappointed when she saw Michael look at a hatless girl who was walking past them?

9.What made Frances feel bad?

10.Why did Michael like to look at women?

11.Why did they decide to call the Stevensons?

Ex. 2. Find in the text the English for the following words and phrases.

хотябылфевраль;хорошоодетыелюди;крепкодержатьчью-торуку;расстегнутьпальто;влюбомслучае;целыйдень;хитрый; девушка, которая шла мимо; исследовать вселенную; стараться не замечать; вздохнуть; потереть глаза кончиками пальцев; тихонько плакать в носовой платок

Ex. 3. Are the following statements about the text true or false? Say why.

1.Michael and Frances had been married a very short time.

2.Frances tries to plan a day of activities that her husband will enjoy.

3.Michael never looks at other women.

4.Michael finally tells his wife how he really feels.

5.His wife keeps her feelings to herself.

Ex. 4. Guessing the meaning.

Select the meaning that you think is closest to the meaning in the text for each of these words and expressions.

1 battalions

a)furniture tables and chairs

b)armies; large groups of people

c)department stores; large shops

2 to make a move

a)to do sth about it; take actions; act on sth

b)move away on some other location

c)move sb; arouse deep emotions in someone

3 to regard

a)think about sth frequently

b)look at; gaze at

c)listen to sth inattentively

KEY STRUCTURES AND WORD STUDY

Ex. 5. Give the four forms of the following verbs.

shine, leave, hold, let, break, take, drive, say, give, sigh, marry, try, feel, think, know, bend

Ex. 6. Put questions to the words in bold type.

1. Michael laughed and Franceslaughed with him.

1. She wants to go out with her husband all day long.

1. Frances suggested going to the MetropolitanMuseum of Art.

1. He took his eyes off the hatless girl with the dark hair.

1. I look at everything.
2. They walked between the crowded benches, under the scrubby citypark trees.
3. When I think of New York City I think of all the girls on parade in the city.
4. Frances sees that strange look in her husband’s eyes.

Ex. 7. Translate the following sentences with phrasal verbs with “out”into Russian.

1. Look out! The step is broken.

1. Without more coal the fire will soon go out.

1. You really should throw out that old sofa and get a new one.

1. Why didn’t you tell me at once, instead of holding out on me?

1. When she saw us together she burst out laughing.

1. She put her bag on the seat and took out her camera.

1. Can I ask you to put out ashtrays and bowls of peanuts before the party?

Ex. 8. Translate the following sentences into English using a differentphrasal verb in each: look out, go out, throw out,burst out, put out, holdout, take out. Ex. 7 will help you.

1. Выньрукиизкарманов.

1. Онане увиделасвоеимявспискестудентовирасплакалась.

1. Янескрываюоттебя. Янезнаю, гдеон.

1. Огоньпогас.Стало холодно.

1. Осторожнее. Машина едет.

1. Из трубы валил черный дым. (The chimney…)

1. Положи, пожалуйста, чистые полотенца для гостей. Они хотят умыться.

Ex. 9. Paraphrase the following sentences according to the model. Translate them into Russian.

Model: He asked question after question and didn’t wait for an answer.

He asked question after question withoutwaiting for an answer.

1. Ann sat in front of the TV but didn’t watch it.

1. I always try not to make mistakes when I speak English.

1. He left the house and didn’t say good-bye.

1. They found the station easily. They didn’t ask anyone about the way.

1. When she left for London she didn’t give me her new address.

1. Kate started crying and didn’t answer my question.

1. She entered the room and looked out of the window. She didn’t turn on the lights.

Ex. 10. Paraphrase the following sentences according to the model.

Model: It always gives him pleasure to talk to famous politicians.

He always enjoystalking to famous politicians.

1. My friends liked to show me the places of interest when I visited

Budapest.

1. It gives me pleasure to travel by air.
2. His aunt is not happy to have guests all the weekends.

1. They have bought a new car and rather like to travel around the country.

1. There is nothing I like better than to read a good book on a rainy day.

1. We listened to the opera with great pleasure.

Ex. 11. Fill in the blanks with prepositions or adverbs where necessary.

1. I want to be honest ………. you and tell you what I think ………. your work.

1. She was very pleased ……….her son’s behaviour. He looked like a grown up.

1. She was speaking slowly looking ………. the right words.

1. Look ……….. ! There is a car coming.

1. I need your advice ……….. The situation is so strange I can’t do ………. your help.

1. Shall I find you ………. if I drop ………. tomorrow afternoon?

1. The sun was warm even though it was March, and everything looked ………. Sunday morning – the quiet buildings and the well-dressed people walking slowly ……….couples.

1. Stop acting ……….. a baby. Pull yourself ……….. .

1. Look, the child has a glass of hot water ………. his hand. Take it …… ….….him quickly.

1. ………. the door she turned ………. and caught him looking ………. her ……….a strange way.

1. She doesn’t look her age……….all.

Ex. 12. Fill in the blanks with a suitable word. Use the correct form.Translate the sentences into Russian.

advice (2), enjoy, need (2), pleased, pull(2), honest (2), without, look, way (2), expect, arrange (2), feel, feelings, even, at all.

1. It’s always easier to give ……….than to take it.

1. Do you really ……….playing tennis in the open air? Isn’t that just wonderful!

1. She ………. a sudden stab of pain in her chest.

1. She smiled at him and he knew she was ………. to see him.

1. The bus had already started when they ran up. We quickly ………. them inside.

1. I can’t take your ……….in this confusing matter. This is something I must decide on my own.

1. The books are ………. on the shelves in alphabetical order.

1. You can’t go out in this awful weather ……….a jacket.

1. She doesn’t ………. her age ………. .
2. I don’t like her ………. of speaking.

1. Are you in ………. of money? I know you’ve lost your job. I’ll try to help you.

1. To tell you the truth, I’ve never ………. him to give an ………. answer to that question of yours.

1. Help me move the piano over here; you push and I’ll ………..

1. He was quite ………. with us, yet he wasn’t telling the whole truth.

1. How much time do you ……….to do this work?

1. We’ve ………. with them to meet at the restaurant.

1. I don’t really know what to think. I’ve got very mixed ………. on the subject.

1. Which ………. is the house from here?

1. He is a strict vegetarian – he doesn’t ………. eat cheese.

Ex. 13. Translate into English using the active vocabulary.

1. Я не помню, как она выглядит. Я не видел ее с детства.
2. Вы вчера заходили к нему? Как он выглядит? Надеюсь, он чувствует себя лучше.
3. Почему вы всегда уходите, не прощаясь? Это невежливо.
4. Даже если ты не хочешь дать им совет, как поступить в такой сложной ситуации, посочувствуй им (sympathize with).
5. Все произошло как раз так, как мы и ожидали – он все сделал по-своему.
6. Я советую вам взять себя в руки. Если вы плохо себя чувствуете, сядьте и закройте глаза.
7. Я заходила к ним вчера по дороге домой, но не застала никого дома.
8. Он выглядит так молодо, но я знаю, что он многообещающий физик. Все об этом говорят.
9. Советую тебе посмотреть фильм, который идет в нашем кинотеатре. Получишь удовольствие.
10. Что она здесь ищет? Какая странная женщина. Мне не нравится, как она смотрит на нас.
11. Я не могу заставить тебя много заниматься. Но ты знаешь другой путь выучить иностранный язык?
12. Я ожидала, что ты поможешь мне организовать эту конференцию. Мне так нужна помощь.
13. У меня было такое чувство, что кто-то идет за мной.
14. Мы приятно провели время в Турции. Были очень рады встретить старых друзей, которые отдыхали там уже две недели и посоветовали нам посмотреть собор Св. Николая (St.Nicolas’ Cathedral).
15. В такую жаркую погоду опасно ходить на пляж, даже с зонтиком.
16. Почему вы не верите мне? Я же была с вами откровенна.
17. Посмотрите на эту женщину, которая тащит ребенка за руку. Он выглядит ужасно. Ему нужно сесть.
18. Мне не нравится, как ты соришь деньгами. Ты еще не привел в порядок свое дело (business), а уже покупаешь дорогие машины и всякие ненужные вещи.

LANGUAGE WORK