Revolutionary Period Review I
(Please use answers 1-41)
The ______of London founded the Jamestown colony in _____ (date). ______was the first permanent English settlement in North America. Jamestown was one of the ______English colonies established onmainland North America. North of the thirteen England colonies in present day ______, France established a permanent settlement, which it called ______. ______was the founder of this French colony. ______-trading developed into the economic basis of France’s colonial empire. During the eighteenth century ______became England’s chief rival for colonial territory in North America.
This rivalry led to the outbreak of war in 1754 between ______and ______. This war, which lasted until 1763, was called the ______and ______War in North America and the ______War in Europe. The ______won the French and Indian War and drove the ______out of ______and the territories west of the Appalachian Mountains.
In 1763 the British government issued the ______of ______. This proclamation forbade the colonists to settle west of the ______Mountains. The British government hoped the Proclamation of 1763 would achieve three goals. First, it would preserve and protect the ancestral lands of the______Indians, who had helped the British in the recent war against the French. Second, it should reduce violent______between the American colonists and the Indians, since the colonists would live east of the mountains while the Indians would live west. Finally, if less conflict existed between the colonists and Indians, then fewer British soldiers would be needed to protect the colonists living on the western frontier and therefore the cost of the ______in North America would decrease.
British leaders were very concerned about government expenses, because the British government had gone greatly into ______in order to win the recent war against France. The government’s largest single expense in the American colonies was the cost of the ______necessary to protect the frontier colonists from possible Indian attacks. Because of this financial situation, Parliament, the British ______body, took several steps. Faced with a huge war debt and the military costs to protect the American colonists, ______passed taxes on the American colonists. First, the ______Act placed a tax on French molasses imported into the American colonies. This tax was a ______duty, which is a tax on imported goods. Another name for a tax on imports is a ______. Second, Parliament passed the ______Act, which taxed newspapers and all legal documents issued in the American colonies.
The American colonists ______both the Sugar Act and the Stamp Act. The Americans were against these taxes, because they believed only a colony’s elected ______had the right to tax the people of that colony. As a result, the slogan “no ______without ______” became very popular in the thirteen American colonies. Parliament responded to American opposition to the Stamp Act by ______it. To ______a law means to do away with a law, so that it no longer exists. ______is tax money. Parliament then decided to raise revenue by passing the ______Acts. The Townshend Acts were laws that placed import taxes or duties on glass, paper, ______, lead, and ______. The American colonists reacted to the ______Acts the same way they had reacted to the earlier Sugar and Stamp Acts by opposing them. The colonists argued that Parliament had no right to tax the colonists, because Americans were not represented in ______. Parliament responded to this American opposition by repealing all the Townshend duties, except the tax on ______. Coincidentally, on the same day Parliament repealed most of the Townshend Acts, the Boston Massacre occurred in Massachusetts. The ______was a clash between British troops and a Boston mob in which five colonists were killed. Some Massachusetts leaders claimed the Boston Massacre demonstrated the brutality of British rule.
In 1773 Parliament passed the ______Act, which gave a monopoly over the American tea trade to the financially struggling British East India Company. A monopoly would give the East India Company ______over the American tea trade, which meant it would be the only company that could sell tea in the thirteen colonies. Since many members of Parliament had personal financial interests in this company, they hoped increased ______sales in the ______colonies would save the British East India Company from bankruptcy. Many American colonists believed the Tea Act was a British attempt to trick the colonists into paying the remaining ______on tea. In Massachusetts, Bostonians disguised themselves as Indians, boarded _____ ships of the British East India Company, and threw the ______into BostonHarbor. This action quickly came to be known as the ______Party. Parliament was furious at this destruction of private property and soon passed laws to punish the people of ______and the colony of ______.
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