Name ______Date ______

Mixtures and Solutions Unit Test Study Guide

Study ALL vocabulary words!!

Answer the following questions to the best of your ability:

  1. Name3 examples of a mixture.
/
  • trail mix, chili, vegetable soup
  • sand
  • nuts, bolts, screws

  1. Name 3 examples of a solution.
/
  • salt water
  • iced tea
  • Koolaid drink

  1. Describe the properties of a highly concentrated pitcher of Kool-Aid.
/ dark color, strong taste and smell
  1. Describe the properties of a very diluted pitcher of Kool-Aid.
/ lighter color, weak taste, weak smell
  1. Whichallows a solute to be more soluble – hot or cold water?
Why? / Hot or cold water? HOT WATER
Why? Hot water helps break down the solute; more “room” in the hot water for particles to dissolve
  1. What is more soluble – citric acid or Epsom salt?
Why? / More soluble? citric acid
Why? It took 60 grams of citric acid to saturate 50 mL of water but only 48 grams of Epsom salt to saturate 50 mL of water.
  1. How do you supersaturate a solution? Explain step by step.
/ 1. Saturate a solution.
2. Heat the solution.
3. Add more solute.
4.Cool the solution.
  1. If you were asked to separate a dry mixture of salt, gravel and powder, what would you do?
Explain each step in detail.
(Make sure to write the steps in the correct order.) / 1. Pour mixture through a screen to separate the gravel.
2. Add water to the salt and powder and stir.
3. Pour through the filter to separate the powder.
4. Evaporate the water to get your salt.
  1. What is the difference between a saturated solution and a concentrated solution?
/ Concentration is a range and saturated is only one amount for a given material.
  1. During a chemical reaction, if a solution fizzes, you can tell that a ______was formed.
/ gas
  1. Name an example of fast chemical reaction.
/ fireworks; baking soda and vinegar
  1. What is another name for calcium carbonate?
/ chalk
  1. What are some clues that a chemical reaction took place? (What are 2 possible products of a chemical reaction?)
/ A new material forms, such as a precipitate or gas (such as rust); change of temperature; color change
  1. If you made a pitcher of instant iced tea, and noticed the solution was saturated because there was instant iced tea mix settled on the bottom, what are two ways you could dissolve the solute? Explain in detail.
/ 1. Add more water
2. Heat the solution
3. Stirring – could chop up the bits
  1. Is a solution a mixture?
How do you know? / Yes, because two or more materials are being combined
  1. Which is most concentrated?
Which is most diluted?
50 mL of water with 2 spoons of salt OR…
100 mL of water with 3 spoons of salt OR…
200 mL of water with 4 spoons of salt
Explain. / Most concentrated: 2 spoons for 50 mL
Why? One spoon for every 25mL
Most diluted: 4 spoons for 200
Why? 1 spoon for every 50 mL
(3 spoons is about one for every 33 mL)
  1. What is the conversion between grams and milliliters of water?
Write the following conversions: / __1__ grams = ___1_ mL
5 grams = ___5__mL
10 grams = __10__mL
___25_ grams = 25 mL
__75__ grams = 75 mL
  1. How do you know if a solution is saturated? Explain.
/ You can tell if some of the solute begins to settle on the bottom.
  1. If you saturated a pitcher of iced tea with 65 grams of sugar in regular temperature water, would it still be saturated if you heated the water?
Explain. / No, because a heated solution can dissolve (and hold) more of a material.
  1. What method would you use to separate solutions?
/ evaporation
  1. What are two methods you could you use to separate mixtures?
/ 1. pick out with hands
2. screen
3. magnet
  1. What are 2 scientific names for water we used in this unit?
/ 1. H20
2. universal solvent
  1. What is sometimes formed after a solution is evaporated?
/ crystals are formed
  1. What is a reactant?
Name 2 examples of reactants (from our experiment) / Definition: Material that takes part in a chemical reaction
Examples:
1. citric acid
2.calcium chloride
  1. How would you make a solution more concentrated?
/ Add more solute
  1. How could you separate extra solute from a saturated solution?
/ Use a filter
  1. How would you dilute a solution?
/ Add water/solvent

Draw & label each crystal and then write about their properties.

Table Salt / Citric Acid / Epsom Salt
Illustration of crystal
Properties of crystal / square with an “X” in the middle / feather-like pattern / needle-like pattern
(NOT CIRCULAR)