Mitosis- means 2- (2 exact cells with same nuclei information)

Same amount of DNA/ Chromosomes are copies etc… Mitosis is the type of cell division that deals with body cells (somatic cells) Ex; Skin cells, muscle, hair etc..

5 steps/phases- to this type of cell division known as Mitosis:

1- Prophase- the first TRUE stage

2. Metaphase- looks like a football

3. Anaphase

4. Telophase

(Cytokensis)

5. ?Interphase- “Getting ready stage”

“The ProMet Ana at the telephone during intermission.”

Prophase: The chromosomes are pairing up and they are finding their match. A nuclear membrane is starting to disappear, the chromosomes. join together forming a knot

called a centromere. ( thinkcenter)

Metaphase- (think of “m” for middle)Looks to me like a football- The chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell and they are still attached but they are attached on a spindle fiber which is connected to poles.

3rd stage- Anaphase- (Think of the visual of a magnet and it is pulling the chromosomes apart to opposite ends) The chromosomes are separating and drifting towards the opposite ends (poles).Drifting stage..chromosomes are moving to opposite poles! NO LONGER ATTACHED!

4th phase- Telophase- (Think of an old fashioned telephone) At this stage the chromosomes are separated they are at their poles (opposite ends) and now the cytoplasm is dividing into. CYTOKINESIS ( cytoplasm)

*** During cytokinesis the plant cell forms a CELL PLATE

(a line) which will form a cell wall eventually.

Animal cells their cytoplasm in cytokinesis pinches in forming a “furrow” (an indention)

Interphase- Getting ready stage- kind of like we make copies and get ready for the day) So in Mitosis the chromosomes are copying

(replicating/ duplicating and getting ready for Mitosis to begin) The nuclear membrane is visible..but a lot is going on.

Chromatid- chromosomes that are thickened, short, and are duplicated.

Chromatin- Chromosomes- thin and single in form.

SO IN THE END- MITOSIS FORMS 2 NEW NUCLEI/ CELLS WITH THE SAME GENETIC INFORMATION. MITOSIS FORMS BODY CELLS!!!

Meiosis- This is the type of cell division that forms sex cells also known as properly “GAMETES” think they gotta meet! So what meets:

egg + sperm= fertilization

a fertilized egg is known as a zygote

*** Same phases or stages BUT it has a PHASE 2:

Prophase 1, Metaphase 1, Anaphase 1- etc….

Then it begins again:

Prophase 2…etc…

So the end RESULT is 4 SEX CELLS or gametes…

These sex cells( sperm and egg) only carry ½ of your parents genetic info.

Egg ( ½) of moms genetic info + sperm ( ½) of dad’s genetic information= a fertilized egg which is the set amount of chromosomes. Humans have 46.

Haploid is when it means ½ the number this occurs in the egg and sperm or sex cells. *** THEN SEX CELLS ARE HAPLOID IN NUMBER!!! Mitosis is diploid in number:

Diploid is the doubled number the END product (zygote)

Ex: 23 + 23= 46

Haploid are the 23 +23 ( egg + sperm) = diploid number is 46

(fertilized egg)

Meiosis- Cell Division that makes sex cells. Gametes are the proper name for sex cells

(sperm and egg), 4 sex cells are the end product for this type of cell division, has a 2nd phase to this type of cell division. The sex cells are haploid in number ( means ½).