Chapter 5
Matter, Mixtures, and Solutions
Vocabulary Words & Definitions
1. Matter-Anything that has mass and occupies space
2. Properties- Qualities, or characteristics, of an object
3. Weight- A measure of the gravitational pull of an object. The weight of an object can change depending on its location. It is measured by a spring scale
4. Mass- A measure of the amount of matter in an object. Mass stays the same, regardless of location. It is measured by a balance scale
5. Volume- A measure of the amount of space an object occupies
Regular object: V = L x W x H
Irregular object: graduated cylinder and water displacement
6. Texture- Properties you can feel
7. Temperature- A measure of how hot or cold an object is. It is measured by a thermometer
8. Fahrenheit- The scale for measuring temperature used most often in the United States
9. Celsius- The scale for measuring temperature most often used by scientists and the rest of the world
10. Atoms- The smallest particles that make up matter. Everything in our world is made of atoms. They are too small to be seen!
11. Protons- Exist in the nucleus of an atom. They have a positive charge. The number of protons identifies the atom
12. Neutrons- Exist with protons in the nucleus of an atom. They have a neutral charge (no electrical charge)
13. Electrons- Move around the nucleus of an atom. They have a negative charge
14. Nucleus- The center of an atom
15. Particles- Parts
16. Mixture- Two or more things that are combined. Can be separated by its properties, such as size, color, or shape
17. Solution- A type of mixture that has two or more types of matter evenly spread out and not easily separated
18. Solute- The matter that is dissolved in another liquid
19. Solvent- The matter that the solute is dissolved into. Water is the universal solvent
20. Solubility- A matter’s ability to dissolve in a liquid. There are 3 factors that that affect how fast a solid dissolves in a liquid – size, temperature, and stirring
21. Concentration- The amount of solute that is dissolved in a solution
22. Saturation- When a solvent cannot dissolve any more solute
23. Diluted- Thinned; the weakest solution
24. Physical Change- A change that occurs when the object looks different, but the atoms that make up the object don’t change. Physical changes can be reversed
25. Chemical Change- A change that occurs when the atoms that make up the object change to something different. Chemical changes cannot be reversed
26. Evaporation- The physical change of matter from a liquid state to a gaseous state
27. Condensation- The physical change of matter from a gaseous state to a liquid state