Name ______Date ______Period ______# ______
Ch. 8 Study Guide (Review for Ch. 8 Test)
1.What is it called when the cells are dividing uncontrollably through mitosis until a tumor forms which can be malignant or benign? If it penetrates into the bloodstream, it can travel to other areas of the body and affect those tissues also. This is called ______(starts with an m).
Name that Phase of Mitosis (Questions 2-6)
2.Chromosomes are spread out as chromatin,DNA is copied, and the cell is “doing its job.” This describes ______.
3.Chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell as the spindle fibers contract. This describes ______.
4.Chromosomes line up in MIDDLE of the cell. This describes ______.
5.Chromatin scrunches into chromosomes, the nuclear membrane/nucleolus disappears, and spindle fibers/centrioles start to appear. This describes ______.
6.List the stages of the mitotic cell cycle in order from start to finish (include interphase and cytokinesis).
7.What are sister chromatids? Which method of cell division would you find them in? (mitosis or meiosis)
8.What are homologous chromosomes? Which method of cell division would you find them in?
9.What is the haploid number of chromosomes for humans? Which types of cells would have this number?
10.What is the diploid number of chromosomes for humans? Which types of cells would have this number?
11.What does cytokinesis refer to?
12.The form of asexual reproduction which allows bacteria (prokaryotes) to divide rapidly is called ______. This is not an advantage to the organism because they are all genetically identical; however, they do not have to expend energy to find a mate because they do not need one.
13.This type of cell division is used by eukaryotes to make more cells (daughter cells) that are identical to the starting cell. (mitosis or meiosis)
14.What is a karyotype?
15.If a person’s karyotype shows three chromosomes in the 21st pair instead of the normal two chromosomes, then this person would have Trisomy 21 which is also known as ______. If this same person, has two X’s in their 23rd pair, they would be a ______.
16.How does a plant cell in telophase look different from an animal cell?
17.One of the major differences between mitosis and meiosis is that during metaphase I of meiosis ______or synapsis occurs (little pieces of the homologous chromosomes exchange places) so that you are different from you mother and father (not an exact copy of either one).
18.This process is also called reduction division because it reduces the number of diploid chromosomes in half (haploid). ______
19.This type of reproduction occurs in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and does not involve sperm or egg cells. ______
20.This process takes over as soon as conception happens so that tissue differentiation, growth, and development can occur. ______
21.Give two reasons why stem cell research is so controversial.
A.
B.
22.The chromosomes are made up of DNA and ______which are proteins that allow the DNA to become more coiled and take up less room in the nucleolus of the cell’s nucleus.
23.Label the following phases. Is this mitosis or meiosis?
24.Label the following phases. If needed, use prophase I or II, metaphase I or II, anaphase I or II, and telophase I or II.
25.Draw a Venn diagram comparing and contrasting the processes of mitosis and meiosis.