Name;______Date:______

America at the Turn of the Century

The late 1800s through the early 1900s gave America many inventions that are still used today.The following is a list of a few of those inventions.
Timeline of Inventions
1876-77:______invents the ______.
1878:Thomas Edison invents the ______
.
1879:Edison invents the first practical ______.
+1880s:The first electric trolley (or streetcar) is introduced in______, ______.
1899:Wright Brothers design the first ______.
1901:Hubert Booth invents the ______.
1906:William ______invents Corn Flakes.
1914:George Washington Carver shares his ______inventions using ______
.
With an insatiable curiosity and keen knowledge of chemistry and physics, Carver continued his research with the peanut. By separating the fats, oils, gums, resins and sugars, he went on to find many uses for the peanut. In fact, he developedmore than300 new uses for the humble legume. Food products ranged from peanut lemon punch, chili sauce, caramel, peanut sausage, mayonnaise and coffee. Cosmetics included face powder, shampoo, shaving cream and hand lotion. Insecticides, glue, charcoal, rubber, nitroglycerine, plastics and axle grease are just a few of the many valuable peanut products discovered by Dr. Carver.


Name:______Date:______

America at the Turn of the Century

William McKinley became president of the United States in 1897.In 1901, President McKinley was assassinated, and Theodore Roosevelt became president.Both presidents participated in events that changed the United States.These events include the Spanish-American War and the building of the Panama Canal.
William McKinleybecame president in______.He was responsible for getting the U.S. involved in the ______The Spanish-American War began when ______wanted its independence from ______.Spain did not want to give up control.
·  The United States asked Spain to ______fix the problem in Cuba.Spain ______to grant Cuba ______.
·  The United States grew ______with Spain when the U.S. battleship______blew up and sank in the ______Harbor in Cuba.It was believed that the ______were responsible.
·  The United States soon saw an opportunity to gain more land in the ______.There were islands in the Pacific controlled by ______.If the U.S. went to ______with Spain, it could possibly win those territories.This would be great for ______interests because it would improve relations with ______.The U.S. needed a good relationship with China to do ______Having American territory close to China would make trading much ______.
·  McKinley sent a message to ______on April 11, 1898, asking for permission to get involved in the______.
·  Spain declared ______on the U.S. on April 24, 1898.
·  The United States ______the war, and Cuba gained ______from ______.
·  The United States gained ______l of the Spanish territories of Guam, Puerto Rico, and the______.This is when the United States became a world ______..
Theodore Rooseveltwas William McKinley's______.He became president in 1901 when McKinley was______.He was responsible for America's construction of the______.
·  Roosevelt believed in making the United States a very ______country.
·  In order to be on top, the U.S. needed a strong ______.Therefore, he began to build up the U.S.______.
·  The navy did not have an ______way to get from the ______Ocean to the ______Ocean because ships had to sail all the way around______.
·  Roosevelt decided to construct the Panama Canal in order to provide the navy with a way to travel from ocean to ocean.

America at the Turn of the Century

In the 1800s, the cattle industry became very important to the West.Cattle drives began when people in the East wanted to eat more beef.The cattle were raised in Texas, but needed to be driven north along well established trails to the railroads in Kansas.Trails like theChisholm Trailand theGreat Western Cattle Trailwere important routes which ran from Texas to Kansas.
Cattle Trails
·  The ______Trail and the ______Cattle Trail were famous cattle trails which started in Texas and ended in______.
·  People in the Eastern United States started eating more ______in the late 1800s.This meant they needed a way to get the cattle from the ______in Texas.Texas didn't have any______at this time, so people had to take the cattle to ______in Kansas.A railhead is an ______for a railroad.
· 
Cowboys
·  People in charge of ______the cattle from Texas to Kansas were called ______.
·  After the ______, African Americans began going west where they would face less ______.Though there was still ______in the West, and many African Americans were able to find jobs as ______.
·  Some African American cowboys even became______. ______is an example of a famous African American cowboy.A former ______, he headed ______once he got his freedom, and was known for his skill in handling the______.
Native Americans
·  As ______moved out West, Native Americans were ______off their lands.The U.S. government came up with a ______to this problem by starting Native American ______.These were ______of land set aside for the Native Americans while the settlers took over more land out West.
·  Many ______took place as a result of the land______.The first conflicts began in the 1600s and until the late______.
·  One of the major wars includes the Battle of______.This battle was fought between the U.S. 7th Cavalry, led by General George Armstrong______, and the Lakota-Cheyenne, led by______. It was fought in 1876 in Montana, and it was a great victory for the______.
·  The ______Massacre occurred in 1890 between the U.S. 7th Cavalry and the Lakota Sioux.The leader of the Sioux, ______, had just been killed, and tensions were high.This battle left more than ______Lakota dead.It marks the ______armed conflict between the Lakota and the U.S.

Important Man made and physical features of the United States

Geographic Understandings SS5G1 The student will locate important places in the United States.
*******Be Able to locate these on a blank map of the US.****
a. Locate important physical features; include the Grand Canyon, Salton Sea, Great Salt Lake, and Mojave Desert.
b. Locate important man-made places; include the Chisholm Trail; Pittsburgh, PA; Gettysburg, PA; Kitty Hawk, NC; Pearl Harbor, HI; and Montgomery, AL.
SS5G2 The student will explain the reasons for the spatial patterns of economic activities.
a. Explain how factors such as population, transportation, and resources influenced industrial location in the United States between the end of the Civil War and 1900.
b. Locate primary agricultural and industrial locations since the turn of the 20th century and explain how factors such as population, transportation, and resources have influenced these areas.

The Grand Canyon

If there is any place on Earth that puts into perspective the grandiosity of Mother Nature, it is the Grand Canyon. The natural wonder, located in northern Arizona, is a window into the region's geological and Native American past. As one of the country's first national parks, the Grand Canyon has long been considered a U.S. treasure, and continues to inspire scientific study and puzzlement.

The Salton Sea

TheSalton Seais a shallow,saline,endorheic(has no outlet besides evaporation)rift lakelocated directly on theSan Andreas Fault, predominantly in California'sImperial Valley. The lake occupies the lowest elevations of theSalton Sinkin theColorado DesertofImperialandRiversidecounties inSouthern California. LikeDeath Valley, it is belowsea level. Currently, its surface is 226ft (69m) below sea level. The deepest area of the sea is 5ft (1.5m) higher than the lowest point of Death Valley. The sea is fed by theNew,Whitewater, andAlamorivers, as well as agriculturalrunoffdrainage systems andcreeks.
The Sea was created by a flood in 1905, in which water from theColorado Riverflowed into the area. While it varies in dimensions and area with fluctuations in agricultural runoff and rainfall, the Salton Sea averages 15mi (24km) by 35mi (56km). With an average area of roughly 525sqmi (1,360km2), the Salton Sea is thelargest lake in California. Average annual inflow is 1,360,000acre·ft(1.68km3), which is enough to maintain a maximum depth of 52ft (16m) and a total volume of about 7,500,000acre·ft(9.3km3).

The Great Salt Lake

TheGreat Salt Lake, located in the northern part of theU.S. stateofUtah, is the largestsalt water lakein the western hemisphere, and the fourth-largestterminal lakein the world. In an average year the lake covers an area of around 1,700 square miles (4,400km2), but the lake's size fluctuates substantially due to its shallowness. For instance, in 1963 it reached its lowest recorded level at 950 square miles (2,460km²), but in 1988 the surface area was at the historic high of 3,300 square miles (8,500km2).
The lake is the largest remnant ofLake Bonneville, apluvial lakewhich covered much of western Utah in prehistoric times. The Great Salt Lake isendorheic(has no outlet besidesevaporation) and has very highsalinity, far saltier thansea water. TheJordan,Weber, andBearrivers (the three major tributaries) deposit around 1.1 million tons of minerals in the lake each year, and since water (but not the minerals) is constantly being evaporated, the concentration of minerals increases further. Because of its unusually highsaltconcentration, most people can easily float in the lake as a result of the higherdensityof the water, particularly in the saltier north arm of the lake, Gunnison Bay

The Mojave Desert

The Mojave desert consists mostly of the southern portion of California with parts of Utah, Nevada and Arizona. It is name after the Mohave Native Americans and covers 54 000 square miles and as said in its name is a desert biome.
The Mojave Desert is special because it has a little bit of everything, people often refer to the Mojave Desert as a "high desert" because it has an elevation of 2,000 to 5,000 feet. It changes from a cold desert in the northern section and a hot desert in the southern section due to the cold desert in the north and the hot desert in the south.

Chisholm Trail

A former cattle trail from San Antonio, Texas, north to Abilene, Kansas. It was important from the 1860s to the 1880s, when it fell into disuse following the expansion of the railroads and the introduction of barbed-wire fencing.

Map of Pennsylvania

Can you find Gettysburg and Pittsburg?

Kitty Hawk, NC

The Wright Brothers flew the first airplane here.

Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

Japanese bombers attacked an unsuspecting Hawaii on December 7, 1941.

Montgomery, Alabama

This was an important place during the Civil Rights Movement

Last Modified on September 30, 2012