Problem Set 2 Name:

1. LF, 3.6/5 k-t, p. 64

2. LF, 3.6/6 a-g, p. 64

3. LF, 3.5, p. 62.
On the first drawing (the cross-section for [k]), label the following components of the vocal tract as indicated:

a. Label the tongue "To".

b. Label the hard palate "HP".

c. Label the soft palate (velum) "SP".

d. Label the lips "L".

e. Label the upper teeth "Te".

f. Label the pharynx "P".

g. Label the epiglottis "E".

h. Label the larynx "L".

i. Label the uvula "U".

4. LF, 3.5, p. 62.
For each of the first 6 sagittal cross-sections, specify precisely the state of each of the articulators:

a. Lips: Are they open or closed?

b. Soft palate (velum): Is the passage to the nasal cavity open or closed?

c. Tongue:

i. Does it make an obstruction and, if so, is the obstruction complete or partial?

ii. If it makes an obstruction, against what facing surface does the tongue make it?

Key

4. For each of the first 6 sagittal cross-sections, specify precisely the state of each of the articulators:

Lips: open

Velum:

Tongue: doesn’t make an obstruction

Vocal folds: relaxed

Lips: open

Velum: back (passage to nasal cavity closed)

Tongue: makes a complete obstruction against alveolar ridge

Vocal folds: relaxed

Lips: closed

Velum: passage to nasal cavity open

Tongue: doesn’t make an obstruction

Vocal folds: tense (closed)

Lips: open

Velum: back (passage to nasal cavity closed)

Tongue: makes a partial obstruction between upper and lower teeth

Vocal folds: tense (closed)

Lips: closed

Velum: back (passage to nasal cavity closed)

Tongue: doesn’t make an obstruction

Vocal folds: relaxed

Lips: open

Velum: back (passage to nasal cavity closed)

Tongue: makes a partial obstruction against the alveolar ridge

Vocal folds: tense (closed)