PMHS NAME______

AP Psychology

  1. Amber, a fifth grade teacher, believes that a short recess before her afternoon classes will improve the memory of her students. She designs a(n) ______.

_____Descriptive (describe what ppl. do) – survey, case study, naturalistic observation

_____Correlational (predict what ppl. do)

_____Experimental (explain why ppl. behave that way) – Name IV, DV

COFOUNDING, EXTRANEOUS VARIABLES:

HOW DOES ONE PREVENT/ADDRESS CONFOUNDING VARIABLES?

  1. A hospital wants to find out if patients prefer to wait and receive the best possible treatment or be seen as soon as possible. They work with the first 25 patients that arrive at the clinic and conduct:

_____Descriptive (describe what ppl. do) – survey, case study, naturalistic observation

_____Correlational (predict what ppl. do)

_____Experimental (explain why ppl. behave that way) – Name IV, DV

FLAW:

____Biased or non-representative sample ____Experimenter Bias _____Failed to randomly assign

____Interpreting correlation as cause: effect ____Failed to have a control group

  1. A private school is trying to determine whether or not wearing uniforms will improve the behavior of its students. During the months of October and November, a(n) ______is conducted to compare the behavior of students who wear uniforms and those who do not.

_____Descriptive (describe what ppl. do) – survey, case study, naturalistic observation

_____Correlational (predict what ppl. do)

_____Experimental (explain why ppl. behave that way) – Name IV, DV

  1. Write a phrase/sentence and draw a scatterplot that would best describe the following correlational coeffiecients (r).

+0.67______

-0.6______

-0.04______

0.0______

  1. Basketball team data is as follows – calculate the measures of central tendency and draw a frequency histogram. Does it have a positive or negative SKEW? What does this mean?

Jake / 14 points
Scott / 4 points
Josh / 22 points
Bobby / 6 points
Christian / 19 points
Grant / 8 points
Billy / 3 points
Thomas / 6 points
  1. Two classes took the same psychology test. The scores for the first period class were: 81, 85, 94, 88, 80, 77, and 90. The scores for the second period class were: 55, 105, 92, 73, 95, 95, and 80. Which group has the greater standard deviation? (I do not expect you to do any calculations)

*Remember: The bigger the SD, the more average difference between the scores

  1. IQ (intelligence quotient) scores are normally distributed with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. What percentage of people have scores above 115?
  1. Name that perspective…based on the hypothesis or statement below

Choices: Cognitive, Neuroscience, Behavioral, Evolutionary, Sociocultural, Humanist

  1. Women are attracted to muscular men because the survival of our ancestors depended on having a man who was successful at hunting
  2. We are more likely to remember words at the beginning of a list because we listen more carefully at first.
  3. Green tea increases levels of the neurotransmitter, dopamine, in our brains.
  4. An effective way to treat patients with schizophrenia is to reinforce the adaptive behaviors with rewards.
  1. Name the type of research: Descriptive (case study, naturalistic observation, correlation, experimental)
  2. Jean Piaget learned a lot about child development by carefully watching and interviewing a few children
  3. Robert Levine and Ara Norenzayan concluded that the pace of life is fastest in Japan by recording the speeds at which people walked and completed tasks in various different countries.
  4. Some people claim that drinking water from the river in their own town can heal physical ailments. A psychologist studies this by randomly selecting 100 ailing patients and giving half of them water from the river and the other half water from another river.
  5. Media literacy experts say that TV viewing is linked to lower grades and obesity.

10.  What statistical technique would be appropriate for a researcher to use in trying to determine how consistent intelligent scores are over time?

a.  coefficient; b. mean; c. median; d. range; e. standard deviation

11.  When a distribution of scores is skewed, the best representation of the central tendency is the:

a.  Standard deviation; b. mean; c. median; d. coefficient

12.  Which is NOT ethical?

a.  Researchers must protect participants from needless harm and discomfort

b.  Participants must take part in the study on a voluntary basis

c.  Personal information about participants must be kept private

d.  The research must be fully explained to participants when the study is completed

e.  It is NEVER acceptable for a researcher to deceive a participant during research

13.  Which is a random sample for a student writing an article for the school paper. And why? He/she is doing a survey on the new cell phone policy of the school:

a.  The writer comes to school early and interviews the first five students who walk in the school doors

b.  The writer pulls five names out of a hat that includes all students’ names. She then interviews the five students selected

*Above questions came from Ms. Amy Koch’s AP Psych review

Another teacher, Mrs. Virginia Welle came up with an idea to review: “What does not belong?”

Circle the word that does not belong and identify what makes it different from the other terms (or identify what the other terms have in common) – use laptop to review when done

Group 1

correlation

r = -.7

causation

scatterplot

Group 2

r = -.2

r = .02

r = .3

r = -.8

Group 3

Structuralism

William James

Edward Titchner

Wilhelm Wundt

Group 4

Empiricism

Blank slate

John Locke

Plato

Group 5

Introspection

Behavioral

Psychoanalytic

Structuralism

Group 6

p < .01

p < .02

p < .03

p < .06

Group 7

Statistically significant

By chance or coincidence

Not by chance

Reject the null

Group 8

Survey

Overt observation

Hawthorne effect

Naturalistic observation

Group 9

Frequency histogram

Positive skew

Negative skew

Scatterplot

Group 10

Increases

Causes

Tends

Impacts

Group 11

John Watson

B.F. Skinner

Sigmund Freud

Behaviorism

Group 12

Random assignment

Control group

Experimental group

Correlation

Group 13

Not statistically significant

By chance or coincidence

p < .053

p < .003

Group 14

Wording

Survey

Social desirability bias

Case study

Group 15

Mean

Inferential statistics

Median

Mode

Group 16

68

95

99.7

skew

Group 17

Group 18

Independent variable

Experimental group

Control group

Group 19

Double-blind

Single-blind

Bias

Confounding variables

Group 20

Confounding variables

Extraneous variables

Random assignment

Random selection