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Computer Literacy BASICS: A Comprehensive Guide to IC3, 3rd Edition
Lesson 2: Input, Output, and Processing
A Guide to this Instructor’s Manual:
We have designed this Instructor’s Manual to supplement and enhance your teaching experience through classroom activities and a cohesive chapter summary.
This document is organized chronologically, using the same headings in plum that you see in the textbook. Under each heading you will find (in order): Lesson Objectives, Teacher Materials, a Prepare section that focuses students’ attention on the objectives in the lesson, Instructor Notes and Teacher Tips that summarize the section, Figures and Boxes found in the section, Classroom Activities, Projects to Assign, Key Terms, and Assess. Pay special attention to teaching tips, and activities geared towards quizzing your students, enhancing their critical thinking skills, and encouraging experimentation within the software.
In addition to this Instructor’s Manual, our Instructor Resources CD also contains PowerPoint presentations, Test Banks, and other supplements to aid in your teaching experience.
For your students:
Our latest online feature, CourseCasts, is a library of weekly podcasts designed to keep your students up to date with the latest in technology news. Direct your students to http://coursecasts.course.com, where they can download the most recent CourseCast onto their mp3 players. Ken Baldauf, host of CourseCasts, is a faculty member of the Florida State University Computer Science Department where he is responsible for teaching technology classes to thousands of FSU students each year. Ken is an expert in the latest technology and sorts through and aggregates the most pertinent news and information for CourseCasts so your students can spend their time enjoying technology, rather than trying to figure it out. Open or close your lecture with a discussion based on the latest CourseCast.
Table of Contents
Lesson Objectives 3
Data Files 3
Teacher Materials 3
Prepare 3
Technical Notes 3
Instructor Notes and Teacher Tips 3
Mod1-28: Introduction 4
Mod1-28: Standard Input Devices 4
Mod1-32: Standard Output Devices 6
Mod1-36: Specialized Input Devices 6
Mod1-41: Specialized Output Devices 8
Mod1-42: Connecting Input and Output Devices to the Computer 9
Mod1-45: Computer Performance Factors 9
Key Terms 11
Projects to Assign 11
Assess 12
Lesson Objectives
Students will have mastered the material in Lesson 2 when they can:
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l Identify and describe standard and specialized input devices.
l Identify and describe standard and specialized output devices.
l Identify and describe how input and output devices are connected to the computer.
l Consider computer performance factors.
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Data Files
Students will not need data files to complete this lesson.
Teacher Materials
l Learner text.
l PowerPoint presentation from the PowerPoint Presentations drop-down menu on the Instructor Resources CD.
l Solutions to review questions and projects from the Solutions to Exercises drop-down menu on the Instructor Resources CD.
l ExamView® test questions from the Test Bank & Test Engine drop-down menu on the Instructor Resources CD.
Prepare
l Set up a projection system and show the PowerPoint presentation for the lesson, if desired.
l Give necessary instructions to students about lab guidelines.
l Prepare questions from ExamView.
Technical Notes
l The show-and-tell method works well to provide learners with visual aids to make the information easier to understand. Try to find an example of as many input and output devices as possible. Label each one to familiarize learners with these devices and leave them in the classroom for students to view.
l If possible, provide a computer with ports labeled and allow students to practice connecting various devices.
Instructor Notes and Teacher Tips
l Review Objectives and ask students about their experience with different input and output devices, both standard and specialized. Encourage students to share their knowledge of and experience with these devices as you discuss this lesson.
l Review the vocabulary list at the beginning of the lesson, and ask students to identify any terms they are already familiar with.
l Explain why the keyboard and mouse are the most popular input devices. Highlight the various types of keys that simplify the keyboarding process. Describe the functions of the mouse and what can be accomplished by pointing, clicking, and dragging.
l Explain that output devices are used to display information. Explain why the printer and the monitor are the most popular output devices. Provide examples of output devices as well as different kinds of output, such as a plotter drawing or a computer-generated photograph.
l Touch on the topics of monitor screen size and screen resolution.
l Compare laser, inkjet, and dot matrix printers and the capabilities of each.
l Mention how specialized output devices are used to produce data for different applications, and ask students to provide examples of other kinds of specialized output devices.
l Explain the differences between serial, parallel, and USB ports and give examples of each.
l Provide examples of different kinds of computer cables for students to examine, if possible. Point out the types of connections on the cable and how they fit into specific ports on the computer. Emphasize that most cables will only plug into ports in one position, making it simple to connect a peripheral correctly.
l Explain how most hardware components available today are plug and play devices that are simple to install, with dialog boxes that guide the user through the installation.
l Review the variety of factors that can affect a computer’s performance.
Mod1-28: Introduction
§ Input, which is data or instructions, must be entered into the computer and then stored on a storage media device.
§ To turn the data into information, the CPU processes the data.
§ After data is processed, it is “presented” to the user through an output device.
CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES
1. Quick Quizzes:
1) ____ is the data or instructions entered into a computer.
Answer: Input
2) The ____ processes data to turn it into information.
Answer: CPU
3) After data is processed it is “presented” to the user through a(n) ____.
Answer: output device
Mod1-28: Standard Input Devices
§ Input devices enable you to enter data and commands into the computer.
Keyboard
§ Most commonly used input device. Besides a traditional keyboard, popular types include: ergonomic, cordless or wireless, specialized, security, foldable or flexible, and laser virtual keyboard.
Pointing Devices
§ An input device that allows you to position the pointer on the screen.
Mouse
§ Most commonly used pointing device. Types include: mechanical, optomechanical, optical, wireless.
Trackball
§ A pointing device that works like a mouse turned upside down; the ball is on top, operated by your thumb and fingers.
Touchpad
§ Common feature on laptops; a specialized surface that converts the motion and position of your fingers to a position on the screen.
Pointing Stick
§ A pressure-sensitive device located on the keyboard of many notebook computers and moved with the forefinger.
Audio Input
§ The process of inputting sound into the computer, including speech, sound effects, and music.
BOXES
§ Extra for Experts: Need more space on your desk? Consider the Nearly Indestructible Keyboard (NIK)—it is flexible, can be rolled up and put into a briefcase, and even washed with soap and water or a spray cleaner (www.dovecoteglobal.com/nik.html).
FIGURES
§ Figure 2-1: Enhanced keyboard
§ Figure 2-2: Keyboard with fingerprint reader
§ Figure 2-3: Foldable keyboard
§ Figure 2-4: Laser virtual keyboard
§ Figure 2-5: (a) Optical mouse (b) Wireless mouse and receiver
§ Figure 2-6: (a) Trackball on a mouse (b) Trackball on a keyboard
§ Figure 2-7: Pointing stick
CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES
1. Discussion Questions:
1) The keyboard is the most commonly used input device, but there are many variations. What kinds have you used? What features are important to you on a keyboard? If you could choose to use a type of keyboard other than the one you have now, what kind would it be? Why?
2) Do you use a mouse? If so, do you most often use one with one, two, or three buttons? If it has a scroll wheel, how useful is that feature? Have you used any other types of pointing devices? How do they compare to using a mouse?
2. Group Activity:
1) Divide the class into small groups. Ask each group to research a specific type of input device. Have each group make a short presentation to the class about how the input device works, the advantages and disadvantages, the cost, and any other relevant information.
Mod1-32: Standard Output Devices
§ Output is data that has been processed into a useful format. Output devices display information.
Monitors
§ Display device for a desktop computer. Varieties include CRT, LCD, and gas plasma.
Printers
§ Used to produce a paper or hard copy of the processing result. Consider speed, print quality, and price when choosing.
Laser Printers
§ Produces high-quality output using the same technology as copier machines.
Inkjet Printers
§ Uses a nonimpact process to provide good-quality color printing for less expense than a laser printer.
Speakers
§ Generate sound such as music. Individuals can use headsets or earphones to hear privately.
FIGURES
§ Figure 2-8: (a) CRT (b) LCD panel (c) Gas plasma display
§ Figure 2-9: How a laser printer works
§ Figure 2-10: How an inkjet printer works
CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES
1. Lab Activity:
1) Determine what type of monitor your computer uses as a display device. What is the screen size and screen resolution? How did you get that information? Compare your monitor with other students in the class. If they are different, how? Which one do you prefer? Why?
2. Assign a Project:
1) Decide what type of printer best suits your printing needs and then comparison shop for a printer. Consider speed, print quality, and cost. If possible, read reviews of various printers to help make an informed choice. Share your results with the class.
Mod1-36: Specialized Input Devices
Digital Cameras
§ Pictures are stored digitally and then transferred to the computer’s memory.
Game Controllers
§ Joysticks and wheels are most often used for games.
Scanners/Bar Code Readers
§ Can change images into codes for input into the computer. Various types include: image scanners, bar code scanners, magnetic scanners, wireless scanners, optical character recognition (OCR) and optical mark recognition (OMR).
Touch Display Screen
§ Special screen with pictures or shapes; you use your fingers to make selections.
Stylus
§ Pen-like writing instruments to input information to a PDA or other mobile device.
Environmental Probes and Sensors
§ Used with a Web browser to monitor elements of the work area such as humidity, pollution, or security.
Remote Controls
§ Used for televisions, lights, and fans as well as for industry and business applications.
Security Devices
§ Biometric devices consist of a reader or scanning device and software that converts the scanned information into a digital format.
§ The way biometric technology works:
- Enrollment: User establishes baseline measurement
- Submission: User presents proof of identity
- Verification: System compares samples
Virtual Devices
§ Use the synchronized positioning of light-emitting and sensing devices to detect user input: for example, a virtual computer keyboard.
Touch-Sensitive Pads
§ On a portable device, these enable you to scroll through a list and make choices.
Input Devices for the Physically Challenged
§ Various special devices are available that can be operated in different ways, such as a keyboard that can be operated with the feet.
BOXES
§ Extra for Experts: You do not need a digital camera to have digital pictures. Many photo labs can deliver photos via the Internet or on a disc in digital format.
FIGURES
§ Figure 2-11: Miniaturized digital video camera
§ Figure 2-12: (a) Joystick (b) Wheel
§ Figure 2-13: (a) Optical scanner (b) Bluetooth scanner
§ Figure 2-14: Touch screen on handheld device
§ Figure 2-15: Stylus for mobile device
§ Figure 2-16: (a) Biometric keyboard scanner (b) Fingerprint scanner
§ Figure 2-17: (a) Virtual computer keyboard (b) Virtual piano keyboard
CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES
1. Group Activity:
1) Divide the class into two groups and have students research the use of biometrics. Assign one group the task of arguing that the widespread adoption of biometric systems can erode users’ personal control over their private information. Assign the other group the task of arguing in favor of using biometrics. Have a class debate and then discuss what you have learned.
2. Discussion Questions:
1) Discuss the purposes and sophistication of input devices, relating the choice of device to the particular task to be completed. If possible, provide examples of several types of devices for students to examine. Discuss why there are so many different types of input devices.
2) Introduce students to voice recognition devices, scanners, video input, and digital cameras. Ask students to think of other types of sensors and remote recording devices that are used or could be used to input data in a computer.
Mod1-41: Specialized Output Devices
§ Projectors: Mostly used for presentations.
§ Fax machines and fax modems: Transmit and receive documents through phone lines or computer.
§ Multifunction printer: Combines various output options such as printing, scanning, and copying.
§ Control devices/robots: Robotics is the study, design, and use of robot systems for manufacturing.
Specialized Printers
§ Line printer: High-speed printer attached primarily to large computers.
§ Thermal: Forms characters by heating paper.
§ Mobile: Small, battery-powered printer.
§ Label and postage: Prints labels, including postage, on adhesive-type paper.
§ Plotters/large-format: For drawing and drafting output; used by engineers, architects, and artists.
Output Devices for the Physically Challenged
§ Various special devices are available:
- Screen magnifiers: Enlarge information on the computer screen.
- Screen readers: Use speech synthesizers to read content for people who are blind or visually impaired.
- Voice synthesizers: A “voice” converts written computer text into synthetic speech.