Chapter 12 QuestionsThe Second War for Independence and the Upsurge of Nationalism [Type text]
1. Describe the military and the some of the generals on the eve of the War of 1812. (p. 233)
2. Why was Canada considered an important battleground in the War? What mistake did the offensive make in
attacking Canada? (p. 233)
3. What fort did the Canadians and British capture early in the conflict? Who led the mainly defensive strategy
of the British? (p 234)
4. Did the American navy or army perform better in the War of 1812? What advantage did the American Navy
have over the British Navy? What advantage did the Constitution have? (p. 234)
5. Who was the naval officer who won important battles on Lake Erie? What was his famous quote? What
affect did his victories have on the American military? (p. 234)
6. Describe the war in 1814. What developments in Europe had an impact on the war in America? (p. 234)
7. What battle was fought on September 11, 1814? Who led the Americans? What result did this American
victory have and what plan did it thwart? (p. 234)
8. Who landed in the Chesapeake in August of 1814? What happened to Washington D.C.? What city held
firm while Washington was attacked? What famous song was written during the attack on Fort McHenry?
(p. 235)
9. What was the third offensive that the British launched in 1814? Who led the American forces? Describe his
soldiers. (p. 235-236)
10. What mistake did the British make in the Battle of New Orleans on January 15, 1815? What was the
casualty result? (p. 236)
11. What result did the victory have on Andrew Jackson’s popularity? What was ironic about the victory in
terms of the peace treaty? (p. 236)
12. What positive result did the victory at New Orleans have on the Americans? (p. 236)
13. What did the Royal Navy do in response to the loss at New Orleans? What effect did this have on the
United States? (p. 236)
14. Who represented the Americans at the Treaty of Ghent? What did the British demand? What was the
Americans response? (p. 237)
15. What changed the British stance at Ghent? (p. 237)
16. When was the Treaty of Ghent signed and what did both sides gain? What was not mentioned in the treaty?
(p. 237)
17. How did the rally call after the treaty differ from the rally call before the war? (p. 237)
18. How did New England prosper during the war? What did some extremists want? Who were the “Blue
Light” Federalists and what were they rumored to have done? (p. 237-238)
19. What states attended the Hartford Convention? What was their goal at the Convention? (p. 238)
20. What did the Hartford Convention’s final report demand? (p. 238)
21. Where their demands received well in Washington? Why? What affect did the Hartford Convention have
on the Federalist Party? What legacy did the Federalist Party and New England have up to 1815? (p. 239)
22. In what sense can the War of 1812 be called the Second War for American Independence? In scope, how
did the War of 1812 compare to the Napoleonic Wars? (p. 239)
23. What happened to sectionalism during the war? What two war heroes emerged (both would become
president) and what two naval officers also emerged as heroes? (p. 239)
24. What affect did the war have on manufacturing? How did the Canadians feel about the Treaty of Ghent?
What was the Rush-Bagot agreement? (p. 239)
25. What was the most beneficial by-product of the War of 1812? How is this reflected in Literature and the
Arts? (p. 240)
26. In what other ways did this sense of nationalism manifest itself? (p. 240)
27. What did British manufacturing do after the war that threatened the burgeoning American industries?
(p. 241)
28. What did the tariff of 1816 do and what was its goal? (p. 241)
29. Who championed the American System and what were the three main goals of the American System?
30. Why was transportation so important to Henry Clay’s plan? Where was transportation and improved roads
most needed? Why did Madison veto the 1.5 million destined for internal improvement in the states?
31. How did this decision affect the states? What canal was built in 1825 on state money? Why did Federalists
in New England oppose federal money for roads and transportation? (p. 241)
32. Who won the election of 1816? What were the results in the Electoral College? What is significant about
this election in regard to the Federalist Party? (p. 242)
33. Describe James Monroe. During his goodwill tour, what did the Boston newspaper announce in regard to
Monroe and the politics of the nation? (p. 242)
34. In what ways was the concept of “Era of Good Feeling” a misnomer? In what ways was the presidency of
Monroe a troubled one? (p. 242)
35. What happened in 1819 that shook the nations confidence? What was the major cause of the economic
crisis? (p. 243)
36. What area of the country was especially hit hard by the Panic of 1819? What class was hurt the most?
37. How many states joined the union from 1791-1819? How did they preserve the North-South balance?
38. What were some of the reasons for this western explosion? How did the Cumberland Pass and also the
steamboat add to the western migration? (p. 246)
39. What did the Land Act of 1820 stipulate? What were some things the West demanded? (p. 246)
40. What was the Tallmadge amendment and how did it show sectional rivalries over slavery? (p. 246)
41. Why did the North have an advantage in the House of Representatives? How did the South mitigate this
advantage? (p. 246)
42. Why was the issue of slavery and the Tallmadge amendment in response to Missouri such an issue for
southern states? What was the moral issue for some northerners? (p. 246-247))
43. What were the compromises of the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and who orchestrated the deal? Why
were both the North and South both relatively content with the deal? (p. 247)
44. What negative affect did the Missouri Compromise have? (p. 247)
45. Who won the election of 1820 and what was the electoral vote? Why do some historians find this result
shocking? (p. 248)
46. How did John Marshall and the Supreme Court increase the power of the federal government in the
following cases: (p. 248-250)
McCuloch v Maryland (1819), Cohens v Virginia (1821), Gibbons v Ogden (1824),Fletcher v Peck (1810), Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819)
47. Who was Daniel Webster? Was he for or against Marshall’s rulings? (p. 250)
48. How are Marshall’s rulings still felt today? (p. 250)
49. Who was the Secretary of State under Monroe’s administration? What did the Treaty of 1818 state?
50. What affect did the Latin American revolutions have on Spanish Florida? Under what pretext did Andrew
Jackson gain the right to enter and fight in Florida? Did Jackson abide to the instructions given to him for
his foray into Florida? (p. 251-252)
51. What were the details of the Florida Purchase of 1819?
52. After the Napoleonic nightmare, what did the monarchs of Europe do and they wanted the world to be safe
from what? How did this cause fear in the United States? What rumor caused fear? (p. 252)
53. How did the Tsar of Russia further increase fears of monarchy in 1821? (p. 252)
54. What did the British foreign secretary George Canning propose to the Americans in 1823? (p. 252)
55. Why was Adams against the proposition from Canning and the British? (p. 252-253)
56. Why did Adams consider the alliance with Britain unnecessary? (p. 253)
57. When was the Monroe Doctrine issued and what was its basic message? (p. 253)
58. What was the reaction of the monarchies of Europe to Monroe’s Doctrine? How did Monroe and Adams
use the Royal Navy to their advantage in issuing the Monroe Doctrine? (p. 253)
59. What did the Russo-American Treaty of 1824 state? (p. 254)
60. Why could the Monroe Doctrine also be called the Self-Defense Doctrine?
61. The Monroe Doctrine was basically a statement from Monroe. Future presidents agreed and sometimes no.
But how does the textbook describe its lasting importance and legacy? (p. 254)