BIO-MEDICAL MONITORING SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION:
The primary function of this system is to monitor the temperature and Heart Beat of the Patient and the Data collected by the sensors are sent tothe Microcontroller. The Microcontroller transmits the data over the MobilePhones.At the receiving end a receiver is used to receive the dataand it is decoded and fed toMi crocontroller, which is then displayed over the LCD display. If there is a dangerous change inpatient's status an alarm is also sounded.
HARDWARE USED
1. ARDUINO
2. Max 232 IC.
3. Voltage regulator 7805.
4. Diode IN4007
5. GSM Modem.
6. Relay driver IC ULN 2803
7. Temperature sensors
8. Heartbeat monitor module
ARDUINO
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-usehardware and software. It's intended for anyone making interactiveProjects. Arduino is a tool for making computers that can sense and control more of the physical world than your desktop computer. It's an open-source physical computing platform based on a simple microcontroller board, and a development environment for writing software for the board. Arduino can be used to develop interactive objects, taking inputs from a variety of switches or sensors, and controlling a variety of lights, motors, and other physical outputs. Arduino projects can be standalone, or they can be communicate with software running on your computer (e.g. Flash, Processing, MaxMSP.) The boards can be assembled by hand or purchased preassembled; the open-source IDE can be downloaded for free. The Arduino programming language is an implementation of Wiring, a similar physical computing platform, which is based on the Processing multimedia programming environment.
Key features of Arduino
There are many other microcontrollers and microcontroller platformsavailable for physical computing. Parallax Basic Stamp, Netmedia's BX-24, Phidgets, MIT's Handyboard, and many others offer similar functionality. All of these tools take the messy details of microcontroller programming and wrap it up in an easy-to-use package.Arduino also simplifies the process of working with microcontrollers, but it offers some advantage for teachers, students, and interested
amateurs over other systems:
Inexpensive - Arduino boards are relatively inexpensive compared toother microcontroller platforms. The least expensive version of the Arduino module can be assembled by hand, and even the preassembled Arduino modules cost less than $50
Cross-platform - The Arduino software runs on Windows, MacintoshOSX, and Linux operating systems.
Most microcontroller systems are limited to Windows. Simple, clear programming environment The Arduino programmingenvironment is easy-to-use for beginners, yet flexible enough foradvanced users to take advantage of as well. For teachers, it's conveniently based on the Processing programming environment, sostudents learning to program in that environment will be familiar withthe look and feel of Arduino Open source and extensible software- The Arduino software is published as open source tools, available for extension by experienced programmers. The language can be expanded through C++ libraries, and people wanting to understand the technical details can make the leap from Arduino to the AVR C programming language on which it's based. SImilarly, you can add AVR-C code directly into your Arduino programs if you want to. Open source and extensible hardware - The Arduino is based on Atmel's ATMEGA8, ATMEGA128, ATMEGA168 and others microcontrollers. The plans for the modules are published under a Creative Commons license, so experienced circuit designers can make their own version of the module, extending it and improving it. Even relatively inexperienced users can build the breadboard version of the module in order to understand how it works and save money.
SOFTWARE USED
Arduino Development Environment
The Arduino development environment contains a text editor for writing code, a message area, a text console, a toolbar with buttons forcommon functions, and a series of menus. It connects to the Arduinohardware to upload programs and communicate with them.
Writing Sketches
Software written using Arduino are called sketches. These sketches arewritten in the text editor. Sketches are saved with the file extension.ino. It has features for cutting/pasting and for searching/replacing text.The message area gives feedback while saving and exporting and also
displays errors. The console displays text output by the Arduinoenvironment including complete error messages and other information.The bottom righthand corner of the window displays the current boardand serial port. The toolbar buttons allow you to verify and uploadprograms, create, open, and save sketches, and open the serialmonitor. The open-source Arduino environment makes it easy to write code and upload it to the i/o board. It runs on Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. The environment is written in Java and based on Processing, avr-gcc, and other open source software.
AN INTRODUCTION TO Arduino UNO
The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 .It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simplyconnect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DCadapter or battery to get started. The Uno differs from all preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-serial driver chip. Instead, it features the Atmega16U2 (Atmega8U2 up to version R2) programmed as aUSBto- serial converter. Microcontroller ATmegaOperating Voltage 5V
Input Voltage
(recommended)
7-12V
Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V
Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
Analog Input Pins 6
DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
Flash Memory
32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 KB used
bybootloader
SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328)
EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328)
Clock Speed 16 MHz
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROJECT
ARDUINO
REGULATED
POWER SUPPLY
GSM
MODEM
SENSOR
LCD
DISPLAY
MOBILE PHONES