Basics of the Sonnet Form

Summer School 2013 Final Exam

Name: ______Date: ______

Basics of the Sonnet Form

A sonnet is a type of poem that includes this number of lines.
10b. 12c. 14d. 16

2. Each line in a sonnet contains this number of syllables.
a. 10b. 12c. 14d. 16

3.Sonnets are usually written in this type of meter, based on syllables of alternating stress.

a. ballad meterb. quatrain meterc. iambic pentameter

4.This type of sonnet is organized into quatrains and couplets.

a. Elizabethan/Shakespeareanb. Italian/Petrarchan

5.This type of sonnet is organized into octaves and sestets.

a. Elizabethan/Shakespeareanb. Italian/Petrarchan

6.The word “sonnet” comes from the Italian word for “little ______.”

a. poemb. storyc. songd. ballad

7. A quatrain contains this many lines.

a. 2b. 4c. 6d. 8

8.A sestet contains this many lines.

a. 2b. 4c. 6d. 8

Sonnet from Romeo and Juliet, William Shakespeare

ROMEO If I profane with my unworthiest hand
This holy shrine, the gentle sin is this:
My lips, two blushing pilgrims, ready stand
To smooth that rough touch with a tender kiss.
JULIETGood pilgrim, you do wrong your hand too much,
Which mannerly devotion shows in this;
For saints have hands that pilgrims' hands do touch,
And palm to palm is holy palmers' kiss.
ROMEO
Have not saints lips, and holy palmers too?
JULIET
Ay, pilgrim, lips that they must use in prayer.
ROMEO
O, then, dear saint, let lips do what hands do;
They pray — grant thou, lest faith turn to despair.
JULIET
Saints do not move, though grant for prayers' sake.
ROMEO
Then move not, while my prayer's effect I take.

9.Which of the following words suggests a religious motif in the poem?

a. pilgrimb. shrinec. holy palmerd. all of the above

10.In what way is Romeo an unworthy or unsuitable person to use the sonnet form?

a. He does not really love Juliet.

b. He is not a true member of the elite upper class.

c. He is speaking to a lower class girl.

d. He is already engaged to marry Juliet at this time in the poem.

11.Why is the sonnet form a proper choice for Shakespeare to use when introducing these two lovers?

a. They are the quintessential lovers in literature, and the sonnet form is the quintessential poem about love.

b. All of Shakespeare’s plays included dialogue in the sonnet form.

c. Sonnets are generally about religion, and this poem features a religious motif.

d. Sonnets are little songs, and Romeo and Juliet was originally a musical.

12.What are Romeo and Juliet’s palms doing in this passage?

a. shakingb. touchingc. wavingd. pointing

Sonnet 18, William Shakespeare (2 points each)

Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?

Thou art more lovely and more temperate:

Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,

And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:

Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,

And often is his gold complexion dimm’d;

And every fair from fair sometime declines,

By chance or nature’s changing course untimm’d;

But they eternal summer shall not fade

Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;

Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade,

When in eternal lines to time thou growest:

So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,

So long lives this and this gives life to thee.

13.What literary device is used in line 11 (“Nor shall Death brag…”)?

a. Assonanceb. Similec. Personificationd. Anaphora

14.In line 14, to what does “this” most likely refer?

a. Loveb. The poemc. The eternal summerd. Line 14

15.In comparison to a summer’s day, the speaker feels his love…

a. Is not nearly as good, because she will age and the summer stays young

b. Is about the same

c. Is worlds better, because – after all – summer is too short and sometimes too hot

d. Is worlds better, because – after all – summer is poetry

16.What literary device is employed in line 7 (“fair from fair”)?

a. Simile

b. Personification

c. Metaphor

d. Alliteration

Vocabulary

17.Years of ------lifting of heavy furniture had left him too ------to be able to stand erect for long periods of time.

(A) profitable . . dumbfounded
(B) generous . . distracted
(C) onerous . . hesitant
(D) strenuous . . debilitated
(E) unstinting . . eminent

18.Canadian Lynn Johnston was named Cartoonist of the Year in 1985, the first woman to be so ------.

(A) inspired (B) entrusted (C) honored(D) employed (E) refined

19.Because the photographer believed that wild animals should be ------only in their various natural surroundings, she ------often in her career.

(A) depicted . . traveled
(B) displayed . . spoke
(C) captured . . protested
(D) domesticated . . roamed
(E) represented . . publicized

20.Folk painter Grandma Moses has become such an enduring icon that many consider her ------of America.

(A) an innovator (B) an emblem(C) a successor (D) a detractor(E) a lobbyist

21.Whether substances are medicines or poisons often depends on dosage, for substances that are ------in small doses can be ------in large.

(A) useless . . effective
(B) mild . . benign
(C) curative . . toxic
(D) harmful . . fatal
(E) beneficial . . miraculous

22.Critics dismissed the engineer’s seemingly creative design as being ------, that is, underdeveloped and lacking in sophistication.

(A) defunct (B) unorthodox (C) simplistic(D) erroneous (E) ambiguous

23.The professor commented to other faculty members that Sheila seemed temperamentally suited to the study of logic, given her ------for ------intricate arguments.

(A) sympathy . . influencing
(B) penchant . . evading
(C) disregard . . unhinging
(D) contempt . . following
(E) bent . . analyzing

24.While traveling near the Sun, the comet Hale-Bopp produced a ------amount of dust, much more than the comets Halley or Hyakutake.

(A) voracious (B) disposable (C) redundant(D) superficial (E) prodigious

25.Refined

(A) polished, fancy(B) dirty(C) dismal(D) strange

26.Domesticated

(A) fancy(B) tired(C) wild(D) trained to live in a house

27. Benign

(A) bad(B) starving(C) harmless(D) already done

28.Lobbyist

(A) one who works out a lot(B) one who advocates for a cause(C) a religious person

29.Curative

(A) harmful(B) healing(C) ineffective (D) causes fatigue (makes you tired)

30.Redundant

(A) unnecessarily done over and over again(B) fresh and new(C) exciting(D) different

Rhetorical Terms

31.A reference to another work of literature or historical event

(A) anaphora(B) epistrophe(C) ethos(D) allusion

32.A repeated starting phrase

(A) anaphora(B) epistrophe(C) ethos(D) allusion

33.Two contrasting statements put next to one another (i.e. “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times.”)

(A) antithesis(B) metaphor(C) pathos(D) tone

34.A repeated ending phrase

(A) anaphora(B) epistrophe(C) ethos(D) allusion

35.Establishing one’s credibility or an appeal to authority

(A) ethos(B) pathos(C) logos

36.A logical approach, such as the use of statistics

(A) ethos(B) pathos(C) logos

37.A comparison without using like or as

(A) antithesis(B) epistrophe(C) ethos(D) allusion

38.An appeal to emotion

(A) ethos(B) pathos(C) logos

39.A response to an opponent’s argument

(A) metaphor(B) rebuttal/refutation(C) simile(D) tone

40.The attitude the speaker takes toward his subject

(A) metaphor(B) rebuttal/refutation(C) simile(D) tone

Improving Sentences

41.Since last September Patricia has been working at theconvenience store down the road.

(A) has been working(B) works(C) is working(D) will be working(E) worked

42.To help freshmen and sophomores in selecting their courses, candid reviews of courses and instructors compiled by juniors and seniors.

(A) candid reviews of courses and instructorscompiled by juniors and seniors

(B) candid reviews of courses and instructors beingcompiled by juniors and seniors

(D) juniors and seniors have compiled candid reviewsof courses and instructors

(E) with juniors and seniors compiling candid reviewsof courses and instructors

43.The landscape artist who designed New York City’s Central Park believed that providing scenic settingsaccessible to all would not only benefit the public’sphysical and mental health and also foster a sense of democracy.

(A) and also foster a sense of democracy

(B) as it also fosters a sense of democracy

(D) but also foster a sense of democracy

(E) and foster a sense of democracy also

44.In areas where deer roam freely, residents must dress to protect themselves against deer ticks that mighttransmit diseases.

(A) areas where deer roam freely

(B) areas roamed by deer freely

(D) areas, in which there are deer that roam freely

(E) areas which deer roam free

45.Given the cost of a hardcover book, the price of it typically hovers around $25, many consumers ask their

book dealers, “When will the paperback be out?”

(A) the price of it typically hovers

(B) and typically it hovers at a price

(D) in that it typically hovers

(E) they typically hover

46.The article featured the Sea Islands because many were known there to live much as their ancestors of a

century ago had lived.

(A) many were known there to live

(B) they were known there for living

(D) of the many people, they were there living

(E) of knowing that many people lived there

47.A poetic form congenial to Robert Browning was the dramatic monologue, it let him explore a character’s

mind without the simplifications demanded by stageproductions.

(A) monologue, it let him explore

(B) monologue, which let him explore

(D) monologue; letting him explore

(E) monologue by letting him do exploration of

48.Many eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Romanticpoets were believers in rebellion against social

conventions, express strong emotion, and the powerof imagination.

(A) were believers in rebellion against socialconventions, express strong emotion

(B) are believers in rebelling against socialconventions, strong emotions being expressed

(D) believed in rebellion against social conventions, toexpress strong emotions

(E) believed in rebellion against social conventions,the expression of strong emotions

49.At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the proposalto replace the existing Articles of Confederation with a

federal constitution were met with fierce opposition.

(A) were met with

(B) having been met with

(D) met with

(E) met their

50.When for the first time the United States importedmore oil than it exported, Americans should have

realized that an energy crisis was imminent and could happen in the future.

(A) was imminent and could happen in the future

(B) could happen imminently in the future

(D) is an imminent thing

(E) might be imminent

51.Intimacy, love, and marriage are three different, if interrelated, subjects.

(A) different, if interrelated, subjects

(B) interrelated subjects, being, however, different

(D) different subjects when interrelated

(E) subjects that are different although beinginterrelated

Bill Clinton’s Inaugural Address

My fellow citizens: At this last presidential inauguration of the 20th century, let us lift our eyes toward the challenges that await us in the next century…

The future is up to us. Our founders taught us that the preservation of our liberty and our union depends upon responsible citizenship. And we need a new sense of responsibility for a new century. There is work to do, work that government alone cannot do: teaching children to read; hiring people off welfare rolls; coming out from behind locked doors and shuttered windows to help reclaim our streets from drugs and gangs and crime; taking time out of our own lives to serve others.

Each and every one of us, in our own way must assume personal responsibility – not only for ourselves and our families, but for our neighbors and our nation. Our greatest responsibility is to embrace a new spirit of community for a new century. For any of us to succeed, we must succeed as one America.

…My fellow Americans, as we look back at this remarkable century, we may ask, can we hope not just to follow, but even to surpass the achievements of the 20th century in America and to avoid the awful bloodshed that stained its legacy? To that question, every American here and every American in our land today must answer a resounding “Yes.”

This is the heart of our task. With a new vision of government, a new sense of responsibility, a new spirit of community, we will sustain America’s journey. The promise we sought in a new land we will find again in a land of new promise.

In this new land, education will be every citizen’s most prized possession. Our schools will have the highest standards in the world, igniting the spark of possibility in the eyes of every girl and every boy. And the doors of higher education will be open to all. The knowledge and power of the Information Age will be within reach not just of the few, but of every classroom, every library, every child. Parents and children will have time not only to work, but to read and play together. And the plans they make at their kitchen table will be those of a better home, a better job, the certain chance to go to college.

Our streets will echo again with the laughter of our children, because no one will try to shoot them or sell them drugs anymore. Everyone who can work, will work, with today’s permanent under class part of tomorrow’s growing middle class. New miracles of medicine at last will reach not only those who can claim care now, but the children of hardworking families too long denied…

Fellow citizens, let us build that America, a nation ever moving forward toward realizing the full potential of all its citizens.

52.According to Clinton, what Americans need above all else for the new, 21st century is

(A) a government that will teach children to read.
(B) a government that will reclaim the streets from criminals

(D) a nation where environmental protection receives priority over economic growth

53.The statement that, “Our schools will have the highest standards in the world, igniting the spark of possibility in the eyes of every girl and every boy” is an example of

(A) irony

(B) alliteration

(D) personification

54.What is the tone of the speech?

(A) hopeful and exhoratory

(B) exhilarated and blissful

(D) admonishing and cautioning

55.Based on the ideas in this speech, what do you think Clinton would support?

(A) Expanding the Department of Education

(B) Encouraging students to perform volunteer work

(D) Eliminating federal programs for monitoring gangs

Other Famous Speeches

56.When Kal Penn demonstrates his credibility and authority by discussing how, in addition to being a famous actor, he also worked closely with President Obama, he is employing this rhetorical device.

(A) Ethos(B) Pathos(C) Logos

57.When Kal Penn discusses his various friends who have benefitted from Obama’s presidency, he is utilizing these – short personal stories.

(A) Anecdotes(B) Sonnets(C) Ballads(D) Stanzas

58.When Martin Luther King says “Five score years ago” in his “I Have a Dream” speech, he is employing this rhetorical device, as this is a direct reference to Lincoln’s “Gettysburg Address.”

(A) Anecdote(B) Anaphora (C) Allusion(D) Epistrophe

59.Another similarity between King’s speech and Lincoln’s speech is that they both employ religious diction to encourage unity.

(A) True(B) False

60.When John F. Kennedy says that the steel industry’s actions “constitute a wholly unjustifiable and irresponsible defiance of the public interest,” his tone could be considered

(A) pleasant(B) harsh(C) critical(D) both B and C

61.When we focus on examining deliberate word choice as we did above, we are focusing on what is called diction.

(A) True(B) False

HL Mencken Passage

Newspaper editor and political commentator HenryLouis Mencken was a force of nature, brushing asideall objects animal and mineral in his headlong rushto the publicity that surely awaited him. He seizedeach day, shook it to within an inchof its life, andthen gaily went on to the next. No matter where hiswriting appeared, it was quoted widely, his pungentlyoutspoken opinions debated hotly. Nobody else couldmake so many people so angry, or make so many otherslaugh so hard.

62.In lines 4-5, the words “seized” and “shook” helpestablish which aspect of Mencken’s personality?

(A) His code of honor

(B) His sense of humor

(D) His intensity

(E) His petulance

63.The public response described in lines 6-8 moststrongly suggests that Mencken’s writings were

(A) authoritative

(B) controversial

(D) informal

(E) frivolous

Negotiations Passage

The ability to see the situation as your opponents see it,as difficult as it may be, is one of the most important skillsthat you can possess as a negotiator. You must know morethan simply that they see things differently. It is notenough to study them like beetles under a microscope;you need to know what it feels like to be a beetle. Toaccomplish this you should be prepared to withholdjudgment as you “try on” their views. Your opponentsmay well believe that their views are right as stronglyas you believe yours are.

64.The reference to beetles in lines 5-6 servesto suggest that

(A) people need to be more attuned to theirsurroundings

(B) effective negotiation is more of a sciencethan an art

(D) effective negotiation requires identifyingwith a different viewpoint

(E) people feel uncomfortable when theiractions are under scrutiny

65.The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) persuade people to defend their positionson critical issues

(B) indicate a specific ability that is usefulin negotiation

(D) argue that few people are fit for thedemands of negotiation

(E) suggest that negotiators should alwaysseek consensus

Literary Devices

66.A type of Japanese poetry is the ______, while a type of Irish poetry is the ______.

(A) sonnet…haiku(B) sonnet…limerick(C) haiku…limerick(D) limerick…haiku

67.Apostrophe

(A) that punctuation mark that denotes possession or a missing letter

(B) a special type of personification in which we direct our thoughts to an object that will not answer back

68.A ______is usually a pair of contradictory words, whereas a ______is usually a pair of contradictory statements that cannot possibly be true.