A 68-year-old man has recently been diagnosed with hypertension and started on monotherapy designed to reduce peripheral resistance and prevent sodium and water retention. Since commencing treatment he has developed a persistent cough. Which of the following drugs would have the same benefits but would not cause the cough?
- Lisinopril.
- Prazosin.
- Propranolol.
- Losartan.
Which of the following drugs would be the best to treat moderate hypertension in a diabetic patient with mild proteinuria?
A. Enalapril.
B.Propranolol.
C.Hydrochlorothiazide.
D.Nifedipine.
A 33-year-old man is diagnosed with essential hypertension. He is started on a blood pressure medication, and after 6 weeks, he notes fatigue and rash over his face, joint aches, and effusions. A serum antinuclear antibody (ANA) test is positive. Which of the following is the most likely agent?
A. Hydralazine.
B. Propranolol.
C. Thiazide diuretic.
D. Nifedipine.
A 34-year-old man is prescribed labetalol for hypertension. The effect on the cardiovascular system is a result of its action as an antagonist at which of the following?
A. Alpha Adrenoceptors.
B. Beta Adrenoceptors.
C. Both alpha and beta adrenoceptors.
D. Muscarinic cholinoreceptors.
A 55-year-old man with congestive heart failure is noted to be taking furosemide every day. Which of the following is most likely to be found in the serum?
A. Decreased potassium level.
B. Decreased uric acid level.
C. Elevated magnesium level.
D. Low bicarbonate level.
Which of the following drugs may be used to increase cardiac output in a patient with pulmonary edema secondary to MI?
A. Captopril.
B. Dobutamine.
C. Metoprolol.
D. Verapamil.
The house officer considers prescribing nadolol for a 53-yr-old patient. Which of the following preexisting conditions (comorbidities) would most likely contraindicate safe use of this drug?
A. Angina pectoris (effort-induced).
B. Astham.
C. Essential hypertension.
D. Heart failure.
An elderly patient with a history of heart disease and who is having difficulty breathing is brought into the emergency room. Examination reveals that she has pulmonary edema. Which of the following treatments is indicated?
A. Spironolactone.
B. Furosemide.
C. Acetazolamide.
D. Chlorthalidone.
Which one of the following antihypertensive drugs can precipitate a hypertensive crisis following abrupt cessation of therapy?
A. Milrinone.
B. Digoxin.
C. Clonidine.
D. Dobutamine.
A 46-year-old man is admitted to the emergency department. He has taken more than 90 digoxin tablets (0.25 mg each), ingesting them about 3 hours before admission. His pulse is 50 to 60 beats per minute, and the electrocardiogram shows third-degree heart block. Which one of the following is the most important therapy to initiate in this patient?
A. Digoxin immune Fab.
B. Potassium salts.
C. Lidocaine.
D. Phenytoin.
A 68-year-old man has been successfully treated for exercise-induced angina for several years. He recently has been complaining about being awakened at night with chest pain. Which of the following drugs would be useful in preventing this patient's nocturnal angina?
A. Amyl nitrite.
B. Nitroglycerin (sublingual).
C. Nitroglycerin (transdermal).
D. Esmolol.
Which of the following is the principle mechanism of action of propylthiouracil?
A. Blocks iodide transport into the thyroid.
B. Increase hepatic metabolic inactivation of circulating T4&T3.
C. Inhibit proteolysis of thyroglobulin.
D. Inhibit thyroidal peroxidase.