1

CURRICULUM VITAE OF S. PALANIAPPAN

EDUCATION

Degree / University/Institution / Subject / Year / Class
Ph.D. / Indian Institute of
Science, Bangalore / Polymer
Chemistry / 1985-91
M.Sc. / Madurai Kamaraj
University` / Chemistry / 1983-85 / First
B.Sc. / Madurai Kamaraj
University` / Chemistry
Physics / 1980-83 / First

EMPLOYMENT

Sl.
No. / Employer / Designation / From / To / Nature of Duties
1 / Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology, Hyderabad / Principal Scientist / 06-11-98
1998 / Contin. / Research &
Development
2 / Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore / Scientific
Officer
Grade II / 19-06
1991 / 05-11-98
1998 / Research &
Development
Testing

PUBLICATION

Publications / Communications
Papers / 95 / 4
Patents / 13 Inventions / --
Reviews / 3 / --
Book Chapter / 2 / --
General Articles / 2 / --
Symposium / 59 / 1
Award / 4 / --
Technology / 2 / --
Technical Consultancy / 1 / --
Editorial Board / 2 / --
Peer REVIEW Journal / 155 / --
Peer Review – Project Proposal / 41 / --
Thesis Evaluation / 12 / --

Achievements

  • Synthesis of polyaniline by electrochemical and chemical polymerization methods.
  • Chemical synthesis by aqueous, emulsion and dispersion polymerization methods
  • Preparation of polyaniline salt in aqueous and in various organic solvents
  • Preparation of polyaniline dispersion in aqueous and in various organic solvents
  • Proved benzoyl peroxide as an important oxidizing agent in conducting polymer synthesis
  • Proved polyaniline as curing agent for epoxy resin
  • Proved polyaniline salts can act as polymer based solid acid catalyst in organic transformations
  • Synthesis of polypyrrole salt
  • Synthesis of polyindoles
  • Preparation of organically soluble substituted polyphenylene system for PLED application

EXPERIENCE FROM AUG.1985 TO DATE

A. RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT (from Aug.1985 to date)

I. DOCTORAL WORK (From August 1985 – May 1991)

Spectroscopic studies on polymeric charge-transfer complexes. Poly(vinyl pyridine) donors with low molecular weight acceptors.

* In an effort to understand the mode, site, nature of interaction and mechanism for the conductivity of polymeric complexes, spectroscopic studies on polymeric as well as its model donors with low molecular weight acceptors have been carried out.

* A method has been proposed to determine the equilibrium constant, rate constants for the association and dissociation processes for the equilibrium of charge-transfer complex formation using electronic absorption spectroscopy.

* g-Value, linewidth, spin concentration at different temperatures have been calculated for all the charge-transfer complexes and also the complexes prepared by different methods. The energy of activation (band gap energy) for the polymeric charge-transfer complexes has also been calculated by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.

* Evidence for the formation of polymeric charge-transfer complexes have been given by comparing the infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of all the charge-transfer complexes with the spectra of the individual components.

II. COAL PROJECT (April 1997 – October 1998)

The relevant literature on coal quality impact on power plant performance are being collected. The combustion related information in respect of reactivity based behaviour is linked with the inferior quality of coal used in thermal power station. The DTG based buring profile provide a useful measure to assess reactivity. Test results available in respect of 10 thermal power station coal samples provide clue to this trend.

Six Indian powder station coal, two Australian coal and three blend samples were subjected to combustion studies using proximate analysis, thermal analysis such thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermogravimetry (DTG) and differential thermal analysis(DTA).

The coal samples were selected on the basis of different amount of volatile mattter (15-33% ), fixed carbon (18-63%) and ash content (12-63%).

Differential thermogravemetry gives a burning profile and the corresponding peaking temperature was correlated with the amount of fixed carbon or ash content and volatile matter. Straight line relationship was not obtained between the amount of fixed carbon and peaking temperature and the exact correlation is under progress.

The amount of fixed carbon, volatile matter, ash content calculated using proximate anlysis and thermal analysis are found to be very nearly the same.

Differential thermal analysis showed two exotherm maxima located around 340 and 450oC which are corresponding to the burning of volatile matter and fixed carbon.

Coal samples were subjected to find out the energy of activation and calculated the energy of activation.

III. BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS : (From Jan.2001 – date)

Successful in the preparation of films of Cellulose esters such as cellulose-succinate, cellulose-benzoate, cellulose-cinnamate and cellulose-C18 hydroxy acid.

Cellulose was esterified with aliphatic dicarboxylic acid (succinic acid), aromatic acid (benzoic acid), aromatic unsaturated acid (cinnamic acid), aliphatic unsaturated long chain C18 hydroxy acid using dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DCC) along with dimethyl amino pyridine (DMAP) catalyst and combination of DCC, DMAP and dimethyl amino pyridine - p-toluene sulfonic acid salt as catalyst (DMAP-DPTS).

Cellulose-acetate was blended with poly vinyl alcohol and poly vinyl butyrate with different ratios and cast in to films.

The cellulose ester films were well characterized by infrared and scanning electron microscopic techniques. Cellulose ester powders were analyzed using elemental analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and x-ray diffraction techniques.

II. CONDUCTING POLYMERS FOR VARIOUS APPLICATIONS

(From June 1991 – till date)

In this project, conducting polyaniline, substituted polyanilines, copolymers have been prepared by chemical polymerization technique. Different synthesis procedures are also adopted to prepare the polymers. Polyaniline systems are also prepared by electrochemical polymerization method.

Successful in preparation of larger quantities of polyaniline powder (2 to 3 Kgs per batch).

Polymers are well characterized by physical, chemical, electrical, spectral, thermal and mechanical methods.

APPLICATION

(i) Batteries

Button and cylindrical cells with the following systems have been made using conducting polyaniline cathode and evaluated for commericialization.

Polyaniline - Lithium, Polyaniline – Magnesium,

Polyaniline – Zinc (Lab studies), Polyaniline-Lead (Lab. Studies)

Battery systems are evaluated by

Charge-discharge studies (constant current and constant voltage method)

Open circuit voltage, short circuit current

Cyclic voltammetry

Open circuit potential – charge, decay studies

Chronopotentiometry

WORK BEING CARRIED OUT

(ii) Electrostatic discharge (ESD) Material

  • Preparation of polyaniline composite & blends for ESD application by emulsion & dispersion polymerization method.
  • Evaluation of ESD material by physical, chemical, electrical, mechanical and thermal methods.

(iii)Sensor

  • Preparation of polyaniline and polypyrrole based film , pellet and coated material.
  • Sensor characteristics with NH3, SO2, H2S and NOx gases.

(iv)Capacitor application

  • Development of prototype of electrolytic and supercapacitor using polyaniline and polypyrrole.

(v)Organic light emitting diode

  • Synthesis and evaluation of polyphenylene and polyfluorenes system for LED application

(vi Catalyst

  • Polyaniline salts are used as polymer based solid acid catalyst in organic transformation such as esterification, condensation, tetrahydropyranylation etc.

V. KNOWLEDGE GAINED DURING THE RESEARCH WORK

  1. FIELD

Synthetic polymer chemistry, Molecular spectroscopy, Electrochemistry, Kinetics,

Catalysis, Sensor, Light emitting diode, capacitor

  1. TECHNIQUES

* Operation and Interpretation

Spectral methods : IR, NMR, UV/V, EPR, ICP, SEM, XRD, ESCA

Thermal methods : TGA, DTA, TMA, DSC

Electrical methods : Resistivity, Dielectric constant, Dissipation factor,

Tracking and Arc resistance

Mechanical methods : Hardness, Compression Strength, Impact Strength,

Tensile Strength

Electrochemical : Potentiostatic, Galvanostatic, Cyclic voltammetry,

Corrosion Studies, Cronopotentiometry

Other methods : ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS, PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL

ANALYSIS

* Writing programs in FORTRAN

  1. ISO 9001-2000
  • Internal auditor for ISO 9001-2000 QMS AUDIT
  • Acted as polymer specialist under ISO 9001-2000 QMS AUDIT

for various companies (app. 60 times)

  1. INTERACTION

Interaction with industry, organization & universities

REVIEW

  1. A review on electrically conducting polytoluidines published in Organic Conductive Molecules and Polymers, Vol-2, Chap-13 Published by Johh Wiley & Sons 1997, Ed. by Hari Singh Nalva, Japan.
  1. A review on conducting polyaniline blends and composites :

Synthesis, characterization and application,

Progress in Polymer Science, 23 (1998) 993 - 1018

  1. Conjugated polymers as heterogeneous catalyst in organic synthesis

S. Palaniappan, A. John

Current Organic Chemistry 2008, 12(2) 98-117.

BOOK Chapters

  1. A chapter on electrically conducting polytoluidines published in Organic Conductive Molecules and Polymers, Vol-2, Chap-13 Published by Johh Wiley & Sons 1997, Ed. by Hari Singh Nalva, Japan.
  1. A chapter on “Recent Advances in the Approach of Polyaniline as Electrode Material for Supercapacitors”, Chapter-6, pp.107-146, 2013 in Trends in Polyaniline Research, Nova Publication. Eds. Takeo Ohsaka, AL-Nakib Chowdhury, MD. Amnur Rahman, MD. Mominul Islam.

PUBLISHED ARTICLE

1. Conducting polymers can be very useful in the field of energy

S. Palaniappan and P.R. Krishnamoorthy,

Times of India new paper, 13th September 1994.

  1. Conducting polymeric rechargeable batteries,

S. Palaniappan and S. Seetharamu,

Central Power Research Institute News, 52 (1994) 6.

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

Technology transferred on polyaniline material to

(i)Skytrack Polymers, Coimbatore

(ii)SG Conducting Polymers

PATENT

Sl.No. / Title / Author
1 / A process for the preparation of polyaniline-sulfate / S. Palaniappan
2 / A process for the preparation of polyaniline salts / S. Palaniappan
3 / A process for the preparation of alkylated dihydroxy benzene / S. Narayanan
S. Palaniappan
K.V. Murthy
4 / A process for preparation of novel
epoxy resin thermoset material / S. Palaniappan
5 / A process for preparation of esters using polyaniline salts as catalysts / S. Palaniappan
M. Sairam
6 / A process for preparation of cinnamates using polyaniline salts as catalysts / S. Palaniappan
M. Sairam
7 / A process for the preparation of a polyaniline salt / S. Palaniappan
C.A. Amarnath
8 / A process for preparation of polyaniline salt using maleic acid / S. Palaniappan
C.A. Amarnath
9 / A process for the transesteri-fication of keto esters with alcohols using polyaniline salts as catalysts / S. Palaniappan
R. ChandraShekar
10 / Process for preparing substituted coumarins / S. Palaniappan
V.J. Rao
C. Saravanan
R. ChandraSekhar
11 / Process for the preparation of substituted dihydropyrimidinones using polyaniline salts as catalysts / S. Palaniappan
V.J. Rao
B. Gangadasu
12 / A process for the preparation of polyaniline dispersion / S. Palaniappan
C.A. Amarnath
13 / A process for the preparation of polyaniline / S. Palaniappan
S. Ajit