May 3, 2012Name:______
What is Newton’s Second Law of Motion?
Force is a push or pull on an object. Net force is the difference between two opposing forces. Newton’s 2nd law of motion states that if a net force acts on an object, the object will accelerate in the direction of the force. Acceleration is a change in velocity. It can be either positive (speeding up) or negative (slowing down).
If an object is not moving, the newt force on the object must be zero. A force that we all experience all experience is gravity. A notebook sitting on a desk is being pulled down by the force of gravity. At the same time, it is being pushed up by the force of the desktop. The force of gravity is equal to the force of the desktop, so the net force on the notebook is zero. If an elbow pushes the notebook off the desk, the force of gravity is no longer balanced by the force of the desktop and the notebook accelerates as it falls to the floor.
The formula for calculating a force on an object is: F = m x a
The unit for force is the newton, N.
Mass is the amount of matter contained in an object. Mass does not change with changes in gravity.
Weight is the force exerted by an object when acted upon by gravity:W = m x g
Objective
In this virtual lab you will investigate the relationship between mass, acceleration and force by experimenting with falling objects of various masses under a range of gravitational conditions.
Procedure
Note: This activity assumes there are no atmospheric resistance, pressure or temperature effects.
- Click the arrow under location 1 and select Earth. Leave location 1 as Earth throughout this activity.
- Click the arrow under location 2 and select a second planet to test.
- Select on object to test. This object should be the same object for location 1 (Earth) and location 2.
- Click the drop button and observe the two objects as they fall. Click the drop button again to see the objects fall again. The lines following a falling object indicate the object’s relative position during each second of acceleration.
- Enter the mass and acceleration data displayed on the screen in the data table below. Calculate the weight of the object using the equation W = m x g.
- Repeat the above steps five more times using different objects and different planets for location 2. Leave location 1 as Earth.
Complete the following table using the data from the steps above.
Location / Object / Acceleration(m/s2) / Mass of Object
(kg) / Weight of Object
(N)
Post-lab and Analysis
Click on the journal icon in the lower left corner of your screen.
There are seven questions to answer. Write the answer to question #1 below next to 1.
When question #1 is completed click on the arrow for the next question. Write your answer to question #2 below next to 2.
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WE North HSIntegrated Science