Use Sections 4.3-4.17 and 4.19

Name ______Hr ____

Use sections 4.3-4.17 and 4.19

1.  Prokaryotes & their parts – define and identify on the picture (use the letters a, b, c …)

a.  Plasma membrane:

b.  Ribosome:

c.  Nucleoid Region:

d.  Cell Wall:

e.  Capsule:

f.  Pili:

g.  Flagella:

2.  For each organelle write its use or function; label it on the cell(s) it is found in (use the letters a, b, c …)

a.  Cytoplasm

b.  Nucleus

c.  Nucleolus

d.  Smooth ER

e.  Rough ER

f.  Golgi Apparatus

g.  Lysosome

h.  Vacuole

i.  Chloroplast

j.  Mitochondria

k.  Cell wall

l.  Flagella

3.  What are the three parts of the cytoskeleton? Explain their role in the cell.

4.  What would happen to the homeostasis of the cell’s if lysosomes were destroyed?

5.  What is the benefit of the folds in the mitochondria’s cristae?

Use the words below to help answer the following question. You do not need to use all the words. Do not just list the words with definitions. Write a complete answer, a diagram can also be used but you need to explain what you are showing not just label.

·  Active Transport

·  Amphipathic

·  ATP

·  Cholesterol

·  Endocytosis

·  Exocytosis

·  Facilitated Diffusion

·  Fluid

·  Glycoproteins, Glycolipids

·  Hydrophilic

·  Hydrophobic

·  Mosiac

·  Nonpolar

·  Osmosis

·  Passive Transport

·  Phopholipid Bilayer

·  Plasma membrane

·  Polar

·  Proteins – channel, protein

·  Selectively Permeable

Describe the fluid mosaic model of a cell membrane and its role in transporting molecules.

WRITE the letter that best answers each problem in the boxes at the bottom

1.  Which of the following pieces of evidence would prove that a substance enters a cell by active rather than passive transport?

a.  The substance is moved across the cell membrane by a carrier protein.

b.  The breakdown of ATP is needed for transport to occur.

c.  The substance enters the cell when its concentration is higher outside than inside.

d.  All of the choices are correct.

e.  None of the choices are correct.

2.  Diffusion does not require the cell to expend ATP. Therefore, diffusion is considered a type of

a.  phagocytosis.

b.  endocytosis.

c.  passive transport.

d.  active transport.

e.  exocytosis.

3.  Osmosis can be defined as

a.  the diffusion of water.

b.  the diffusion of nonpolar molecules.

c.  endocytosis.

d.  active transport.

e.  the diffusion of a solute.

4.  A cell that neither gains nor loses water when it is immersed in a solution is

a.  hypotonic to its environment.

b.  isotonic to its environment.

c.  dead.

d.  metabolically inactive.

e.  hypertonic to its environment.

5.  Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ______and moves a substance ______its concentration gradient.

a.  transport proteins . . . against

b.  transport proteins . . . down

c.  energy and transport proteins . . . against

d.  energy . . . down

e.  energy and transport proteins . . . down

6.  If placed in tap water, an animal cell will undergo lysis, whereas a plant cell will not. What accounts for this?

a.  the relative impermeability of the plant cell membrane to water

b.  the relative impermeability of the plant cell wall to water

c.  the relative inelasticity and strength of the plant cell wall

d.  the fact that plant cells are isotonic to tap water

e.  expulsion of water by the plant cell's central vacuole

Use the following to answer questions 7 & 8. It may help to draw a picture

In lab, you use a special balloon that is permeable to water but not sucrose to make an "artificial cell." The balloon is filled with a solution of 20% sucrose and 80% water and is immersed in a beaker containing a solution of 40% sucrose and 60% water.

7.  Which of the following will occur?

a.  Sucrose will enter the balloon.

b.  Water will leave the balloon.

c.  Water will enter the balloon.

d.  Sucrose will leave the balloon.

e.  None of the choices will occur.

8.  The solution in the balloon is ______relative to the solution in the beaker.

a.  hypertonic

b.  isotonic.

c.  hydrophobic

d.  hydrophilic.

e.  hypotonic

9.  A plant cell in a hypotonic solution

a.  lyses.

b.  shrivels.

c.  is flaccid.

d.  wilts.

e.  is turgid.

10.  You are adrift in the Atlantic Ocean, and, being thirsty, drink the surrounding seawater. As a result,

a.  your cells lyse, due to the excessive intake of salt.

b.  your cells become turgid.

c.  you quench your thirst.

d.  you dehydrate yourself.

e.  None of the choices are correct.

11.  Most of the functions of a cell membrane are performed by

a.  nucleotides.

b.  proteins.

c.  glycolipids.

d.  cholesterol.

e.  phospholipids

12.  During cell reproduction, chromatin fibers coil up into structures called

a.  chromosomes.

b.  ribosomes

c.  nucleoli.

d.  peroxisomes

e.  lysosomes.

13.  The ______of a mitochondrion is/are an adaptation that increases the surface area and enhances a mitochondrion's ability to produce ATP.

a.  stroma

b.  matrix

c.  cristae

d.  grana

e.  intermembrane space

14.  Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

a.  is the major site of carbohydrate synthesis in eukaryotic cells.

b.  produces antibodies.

c.  stores calcium ions in muscle cells.

d.  helps assemble ribosomes for protein synthesis.

e.  produces proteins for cell membranes.

15.  The two main functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum are the production of

a.  mitochondria and proteins that are to be secreted by the cell.

b.  chromatin and mitochondria.

c.  ribosomes and steroid hormones.

d.  membrane proteins to be secreted by the cell.

e.  hydrogen peroxide and steroid hormones secreted by the cell.

16.  Which one of the following statements is false? The Golgi apparatus

a.  serves as a molecular warehouse and finishing factory.

b.  works closely with the endoplasmic reticulum.

c.  decreases in size when a cell increases its protein production.

d.  sorts molecules according to their destination.

e.  Modifies chemicals received from the endoplasmic reticulum.

17.  When a cell is deprived of oxygen, its lysosomes tend to burst and release their contents into the cell. As a result of this, that cell will

a.  produce replacement lysosomes.

b.  undergo self-digestion and die.

c.  recycle damaged organelles.

d.  undergo cell division.

e.  produce additional ER.

18.  Which one of the following statements is false? The endomembrane system

a.  includes the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

b.  divides the cell into compartments.

c.  is a system of interrelated membranes that are all physically connected.

d.  includes the nuclear envelope.

e.  is involved in the synthesis, storage, and export of important molecules.

19.  Contractile vacuoles

a.  are generally found in protists that inhabit salt water.

b.  allow organisms to avoid dehydration by absorbing water from the environment.

c.  help in the excretion of excess salt.

d.  prevent cells from bursting as a result of the influx of excess water.

e.  All of the choices are correct.

20.  Which one of the following is not a component of the endomembrane system?

a.  lysosomes

b.  Golgi apparatus

c.  nucleus

d.  ribosomes

e.  smooth ER

21.  Cyanide inhibits mitochondrial function; as a result, the rate of

a.  protein synthesis would increase.

b.  ATP synthesis would decrease.

c.  lipid synthesis would increase.

d.  ATP synthesis would increase.

e.  photosynthesis would increase.

22.  Which one of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is false?

a.  The cytoskeleton is composed of three types of fibers: microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments.

b.  The cytoskeleton helps to support cells.

c.  The cytoskeleton includes fibrous and globular proteins.

d.  Once laid down, the elements of the cytoskeleton are fixed and remain permanently in place.

e.  The cytoskeleton plays an important role in amoeboid motion.