Unit 7 Objectives: Diversity of Organisms Due: ______
All questions should be answered on a separate sheet of paper OR typed using complete sentences.
I. Bacteria
1. Describe the general characteristics of members of the Domains Archaea and Bacteria.
2. Distinguish between methanogens, halophiles, thermophiles, cyanobacteria, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria on the basis of respiration and nutrition.
3. Identify the most common shapes of eubacteria and describe the differences found among gram positive and gram negative bacteria.
4. Explain the significance of bacteria in the earth’s ecosystem.
II. Protists
5. Explain the theory of endosymbiosis.
6. Describe the characteristics of the kingdom Protista.
7. Distinguish among the plant-like (algae), animal-like (protozoan) and fungus-like (slime mold) protists.
8. Give the functions of the major physical components of the typical protists (contractile vacuole, nucleus, trichocytes, etc)
III. Fungi
9. Describe the general characteristics of the kingdom Fungi.
10. Distinguish among saprophytic, parasitic and decomposing fungi.
11. Identify the structures of typical fungi (spores, hypha, mycelium).
12. Compare the reproductive structures of zygomycota, ascomycota, basidiomycota and chytridiomycota.
IV. Invertebrates
13. List the characteristics that distinguish animals from organisms in other kingdoms.
14. Distinguish between radial/bilateral symmetry, acoelomate/coelomate/pseudocoelomate,
determinate/indeterminate cleavage, schizocoelous/enterocoelous.
15. Compare the differences between protostomes and dueterostomes, citing examples.
16. Draw the diagram of a sponge; identify the parts of a sponge (including the spongocoel, porocyte,
epidermis, choanocyte, mesohyl, amoebocyte, osculum, and spicule) and describe the function of each.
17. List the characteristics of the phylum Cnidaria that distinguish it from the other animal phyla.
18. Describe the two basic body plans in Cnidaria and their role in Cnidarian life cycles.
19. List the three classes of Cnidaria and distinguish among them based on life cycle and morphological characteristics.
20. List the characteristics of the phylum Ctenophora that distinguish it from the other animal phyla.
21. List the characteristics of the phylum Platyhelminthes that distinguish it from the other animal phyla.
22. Distinguish among the four classes of Platyhelminthes and give examples of each.
23. Describe the generalized life cycle of a trematode and give an example of one fluke that parasitizes humans.
24. Describe the anatomy and generalized life cycle of a tapeworm.
25. List the characteristics that distinguish the phylum Mollusca from the other animal phyla.
26. Describe the basic body plan of a mollusk and explain how it has been modified in the Bivalvia, Cephalopoda, Gastropoda, and Polyplacophora.
27. Distinguish among the following four molluscan classes and give examples of each: a.)Bivalvia b.) gastropoda c.) cephalopoda d.) polyplacophora
28. List the characteristics that distinguish the phylum Annelida from the other animal phyla.
29. Distinguish among the classes of Annelida and give examples of each.
30. Describe the adaptive advantage of a coelom and segmentation in annelids.
31. List the characteristics of the phylum Nematoda that distinguish it from other wormlike animals.
32. List the characteristics of arthropods that distinguish them from the other animal phyla.
33. Define and distinguish between the major independent arthropod lines of evolution represented by: a.) Trilobita b.) Chelicerata c.) Crustacea d.) Uniramia
34. List the characteristics of echinoderms that distinguish them from other animal phyla.
35. Distinguish among the five classes of echinoderms and give examples of each.
36. Describe the evolutionary relationships between echinoderms and chordates.