/ Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, Geografía e Historia
I.E.S. Pedro Soto de Rojas.
Curso 2013/14 / NOTA:
UNIT 4. FORMATION AND EXPANSION OF THE IBERIAN KINGDOMS.
NAME:
GRADE:
RODRIGO DÍAZ DE VIVAR: EL CID CAMPEADOR.
Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar 1043–July 10, 1099), known as El Cid Campeador, was a Castilian nobleman, a ______leader and diplomat who, after being exiled, conquered and governed the ______of Valencia. Rodrigo Díaz was educated in the royal court of Castile and became the alférez, the chief general, of Alfonso VI , and his most valuable asset in the ______against the Moors.
El Cid was ______1043 in Vivar, a small town about six miles north of Burgos, the capital of Castile. His father, Diego Laínez, was a cavalryman who had fought in several ______. Despite the fact that El Cid's mother's family was aristocratic, in later years the peasants would consider him one of their own. ______, his relatives were not major court officials.
In the Battle of Cabra (1079), El Cid rallied his troops and turned the battle into a rout of Emir Abdullah of Granada. However, El Cid's unauthorized expedition into Granada greatly angered Alfonso. This is the generally given ______for El Cid's exile, although several others are plausible and may have been contributing factors: jealous ______turning Alfonso against El Cid, Alfonso's own animosity towards El Cid, and an accusation of pocketing some of the tribute from Seville.
At ______he went to Barcelona, where Ramón Berenguer II (1076–1082) and Berenguer Ramón II (1076–1097) refused his offer of service. Then he journeyed to the Taifa of Zaragoza where he received a warmer welcome by its diverse and well cultured ______.
Around this time, the Cid, with a combined ______and Moorish army, began maneuvering in order to create his own fiefdom in the Moorish Mediterranean coastal city of Valencia. Along the way to Valencia, El Cid also ______other towns, many of which were near Valencia.
El Cid gradually came to have more influence on Valencia, then ruled by al-Qadir. In October 1092 an uprising occurred in Valencia inspired by the city's chief ______Ibn Jahhaf and the Almoravids. El Cid began a siege of Valencia. A December 1093 attempt to break the siege failed. By the time the siege ended in May 1094, the Cid had carved out his own principality on the ______of the Mediterranean. Officially El Cid ruled in the name of Alfonso; in reality, El Cid was fully independent. The city was both Christian and ______, and both Moors and Christians served in the army and as administrators.
El Cid and his ______Jimena lived peacefully in Valencia for three years until the Almoravids besieged the city. El Cid was fighting one of the men when he was shot in the ______with an arrow. Valencia's troops were losing spirit when Jimena thought if she set the corpse of El Cid atop his ______Babieca, the morale of Valencia's troops would soar. Valencia was captured by almoravids on 1102 and would not become a Christian city again for over 125 years. Jimena fled to Burgos with her ______body. Originally buried in Castile in the monastery of San Pedro de Cardeña, his body now lies at the center of the Burgos ______.
Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar 1043–July 10, 1099), known as El Cid Campeador, was a Castilian nobleman, a military leader and diplomat who, after being exiled, conquered and governed the city of Valencia. Rodrigo Díaz was educated in the royal court of Castile and became the alférez, the chief general, of Alfonso VI , and his most valuable asset in the fight against the Moors.
El Cid was born 1043 in Vivar, a small town about six miles north of Burgos, the capital of Castile. His father, Diego Laínez, was a cavalryman who had fought in several battles. Despite the fact that El Cid's mother's family was aristocratic, in later years the peasants would consider him one of their own. However, his relatives were not major court officials.
In the Battle of Cabra (1079), El Cid rallied his troops and turned the battle into a rout of Emir Abdullah of Granada. However, El Cid's unauthorized expedition into Granada greatly angered Alfonso. This is the generally given reason for El Cid's exile, although several others are plausible and may have been contributing factors: jealous nobles turning Alfonso against El Cid, Alfonso's own animosity towards El Cid, and an accusation of pocketing some of the tribute from Seville.
At first he went to Barcelona, where Ramón Berenguer II (1076–1082) and Berenguer Ramón II (1076–1097) refused his offer of service. Then he journeyed to the Taifa of Zaragoza where he received a warmer welcome by its diverse and well cultured inhabitants.
Around this time, the Cid, with a combined Christian and Moorish army, began maneuvering in order to create his own fiefdom in the Moorish Mediterranean coastal city of Valencia. Along the way to Valencia, El Cid also conquered other towns, many of which were near Valencia.
El Cid gradually came to have more influence on Valencia, then ruled by al-Qadir. In October 1092 an uprising occurred in Valencia inspired by the city's chief judge Ibn Jahhaf and the Almoravids. El Cid began a siege of Valencia. A December 1093 attempt to break the siege failed. By the time the siege ended in May 1094, the Cid had carved out his own principality on the coast of the Mediterranean. Officially El Cid ruled in the name of Alfonso; in reality, El Cid was fully independent. The city was both Christian and Muslim, and both Moors and Christians served in the army and as administrators.
El Cid and his wife Jimena lived peacefully in Valencia for three years until the Almoravids besieged the city. El Cid was fighting one of the men when he was shot in the heart with an arrow. Valencia's troops were losing spirit when Jimena thought if she set the corpse of El Cid atop his horse Babieca, the morale of Valencia's troops would soar. Valencia was captured by almoravids on 1102 and would not become a Christian city again for over 125 years. Jimena fled to Burgos with her husband's body. Originally buried in Castile in the monastery of San Pedro de Cardeña, his body now lies at the center of the Burgos Cathedral.
1. MILITARY / 2. CITY. / 3. FIGHT / 4. BORN / 5. BATTLES / 6. HOWEVER7. REASON / 8. NOBLES / 9. FIRST / 10. INHABITANTS / 11. CHRISTIANS / 12. CONQUERED
13. JUDGE / 14. COAST / 15. MUSLIM / 16. WIFE / 17. HEART / 18. HORSE
19. HUSBAND / 20. CATHEDRAL
MARKS.
19-20 --- 10
17-18 --- 9
14-15-16 --- 8
12-13 --- 7
10-11 --- 6
9 --- 5
7-8 --- 4
5-6 --- 3
3-4 --- 2
1-2 --- 1
0 --- 0