The Rise of the Renaissance
Western Europe emerged from the Middle Ages during an era known as the______.From 1300 to 1600, Western Europe experienced a “______” in ______, ______, & ______ ideas. During the Renaissance, Europeans developed new ideas in ______, ______, & ______ potential. The Renaissance was a ______ of learning based on knowledge from ______. This intellectual change has resulted in the Renaissance being viewed as a bridge between the ______and the ______.
Trade & Cities
During the Middle Ages, trade was limited to the ______. Very little if any exchanges between manors existed. Think ______! The ______ increased European demand for luxury goods from ______. Italian merchants began meeting the demand for trade in Europe. As a result, Italian cities & a wealthy middle class began to form in ______. The most important Italian city was ______, where wealth from trade sparked the Renaissance. In addition, the fact that Italians could look at the ______ of the Roman Empire for inspiration, it made for the perfect location for the Renaissance.
Government
During the Middle Ages, government was not ______and therefore there was no ______and no ______. Kings were able to ______ merchants & use their wealth to build ______& strong ______ which hurt the power of the ______. From 1337 to 1453, ______ began a conflictcalled the ______. During the war, ______increased as people became loyal to their king & nation, rather than their lord. During the Hundred Years War, new ______ decreased the power of feudal lords & knights. The discovery of Chinese ______led to the development of cannons which helped armies penetrates castles. The invention of the longbow allowed soldiers to shoot accurately up to 300 yards which decreased the importance of knights on horseback
Religion
The heavy reliance on religion gave way to the term “______”. During the Middle Ages, the only accepted religion in Europe was ______. The church was the only institution that provided stability. In the late Middle Ages, the ______& the ______ lost some of its influence as a result of the losses to ______armies during the ______.
Human Potential
During the Middle Ages, most people were ______. A hard life was lived where daily duties revolved around farming the ______. During the Middle Ages, peasants did not own land & had no options other than remaining loyal to a feudal lord & work within the manorial system. As peasants left the manor to seek new job opportunities, the manor systems weakened because few were left to do the work. This was a key factor behind the end to the ______. Another reason for the decline of the manorial system was the ______, known as the ______. In 1347, a trade ship arrived in Italy carrying plague-infested ______. The plague swept quickly throughout Europe along ______ routes. The plague killed ______ in 5 years. (1/3 of Europe’s population) The plague caused a ______; those that survived could demand ______.
______ became the center of attention during the Renaissance. ______was based on ______, not birthright . A new way of thinking began during the Renaissance called
Humanism
______studied the “______” ideas of ______& believed that ______ human achievements should be ______. The “______” was well educated, smart, can dance, write poetry, & play music; (called a “______”). The “______” should have the same qualities as men but should not seek fame or political power(Renaissance women were better educated but had fewer rights than medieval women)
The Art of the Renaissance
The revival of ______ in Europe helped bring an end to the Middle Ages & gave rise to the Renaissance. The rise of ______ brought artists together which led to new techniques & styles of art. Increased trade gave rise to Italian ______ & a wealthy middle class of ______. Wealthy bankers & merchants wanted to show off their new status by ______. The most important Italian city-state was ______; In this wealthy trade city, the Renaissance began. Florence was home to the ______family, the wealthiest & most powerful bankers in Europe. The Medici used their wealth to commission art for themselves & to beautify Florence. The Medici paid to build a massive domed cathedral for Florence.
New Styles and Techniques of Renaissance Art
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Renaissance Artists
______was the 1st great ______ of the Renaissance. Donatello revived the classical (Greco-Roman) style of sculpture that were realistic & could be viewed from all sides. Donatello’s “______” was the 1st large, free-standing human sculpture of the Renaissance.
______ was one of the most famous Renaissance artists. He was a ______, ______, ______, & ______. His sculptures & paintings showed realism, detail of the human body, & expression to show personality & emotion. Michelangelo sculptures “______”& “______” are considered masterpieces. Michelangelo’s greatest work is the 130 ft x 44 ft ceiling of the ______ which shows Biblical images of amazing detail, power, & beauty.
______ was a true “Renaissance Man”. He was a ______ whose art was known for incredible ______. He was also an ______ whose sketches reveal observations about human anatomy & new engineering technology. His “______” shows Jesus’ last meeting with the 12 apostles before the crucifixion; the facial expressions, detail, emotion made it a masterpiece. Leonardo da Vinci’s greatest masterpiece was the “______” which was known for its emotion & depth
______“perfected” Renaissance painting. He improved ______and ______ by studying Leonardo & Michelangelo. Raphael became the favorite painter of the ______ because of his amazing detailed paintings showing a combination of famous Greeks & Romans along with Renaissance people. Raphael’s greatest painting was “______” which blended ______ from Greece & Rome with important people from the Renaissance.
______ was Florence’s greatest architect. He studied the Roman ______when he built the ______ cathedral in Florence. The ______ inspired modern building designs
The Northern Renaissance
As these ideas spread, this “______” developed its own characteristics. The Renaissance spread from Italy as scholars & merchants from other areas visited Italian city-states. The Renaissance in ______ was most known for its unique ______. The Renaissance in ______was most known for ______, especially the plays of ______. The Renaissance in the ______was most known for ______ in art.
Another important renaissance man was the inventor ______ who invention of the moveable-type ______ in 1453. He produced his first book — the ______ — in 1455. By 1500, presses in Europe had printed nearly 10 million books. Printing made books less ______and more ______. Written works became available in English, French, Spanish, Italian, or German (______-the spoken language). More people began to read (The ______ was a popular book). After reading the Bible, people formed new ideas about ______ (these ideas were different from official Church teachings
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