THE EFFECT OF PQ4R (PREVIEW, QUESTION, READ, REFLECT,
RECITE AND REVIEW) ON THE INFERENTIAL READING
ACHIEVEMENTOFTHE ELEVENTH YEAR STUDENT
AT SMAN 2 SITUBONDO IN THE
2009/2010 ACADEMIC YEAR
THESIS
By:
SUPRIHATIN
NIM. 07 123 181
MUHAMMADIYAHUNIVERSITY OF JEMBER
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
JULY, 2010
THE EFFECT OF PQ4R (PREVIEW, QUESTION, READ, REFLECT,
RECITE AND REVIEW) ON THE INFERENTIAL READING
ACHIEVEMENT OF THE ELEVENTH YEAR STUDENT
AT SMAN 2 SITUBONDO IN THE
2009/2010 ACADEMIC YEAR
THESIS
Presented to
MuhammadiyahUniversity of Jember
in partial Fulfillment on the Requirements for
the degree of Sarjana in English Language Education
By:
SUPRIHATIN
NIM. 07 123 181
MUHAMMADIYAHUNIVERSITY OF JEMBER
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
JULY, 2010
MOTTO
"My lord, grant me that I may be grateful for Thy favour which thou hast bestowed upon me and upon my parents, and I may do such righteous deeds as may please Thee. And establish righteousness among my progeny for me. I do turn to Thee and, truly, I am of those who are obedient to Thee".
(Al-Qur'an: 46:15)
AGREEMENT
This is to certify that the Sarjana thesis of Suprihatin has been approved by the thesis advisors for further approval by the Board of Examiners.
Jember, July , 2010
Advisor I
Drs.H.M.Zaki Hasan M,Si
Jember, July , 2010
Advisor II
Henri Fatkurochman, S.S. M.Hum
NIP. 19730221200501 1 003
APPROVAL SHEET
This is to certify that Sarjana thesis of Suprihatin has been approved by the Board of Examination as the requirement for the degree of Sarjana in English Language Education.
Board of Examiners,
Dr.M.Hatip.M,Pd...... Chair
NPK: 8702165
Drs.H.M Zaki Hasan M,Si………………………………………. Member
Henri Fatkurochman, S.S, M.Hum………………………………. Member
NIP. 19730221200501 1 003
Acknowledged by
Dean, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Henri Fatkurochman, S.S, M.Hum
NIP. 19730221200501 1 003
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Allpraises and thanks are due tothe almighty Allah SWT, who has given me power, desire, and affection so that I can finish this thesis without any difficulty and this thesis could be finished properly. Peace and blessing be on the Prophet Muhammad SAW, the one after whom no Prophet shall ever come as well as on his family, his companions and their followers, till the Day of Judgment, and bring us out from the darkness. This thesis has been benefited from the help of many individuals. I would like to express my gratitude to:
- Henri Fatkhurochman, SS.M.Humas the Dean of Faculty of teacher training and education Muhammadiyah University of Jember.
- Dra. Tri Endang , M.Si as vice Dean of Faculty of teacher training and education Muhammadiyah University of Jember.
- Drs. H.M.Zaki Hasan M.Si, as the first consultant, who has given guidance and improvements in completed the idea on my thesis.
- Henri Fatkhurochman, SS.M.Hum as the second consultant, who has given his intellectual inspirations, suggestion and correcting my thesis with big patience.
- All staffs of teacher training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Jember who have helped me in giving me the information.
- Alllecturesof teacher training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Jember for giving me skill and knowledge over the year patiently.
- Mrs.Endang W,as the head master of SMAN 2 Situbondo who has given permission to do the research on the school.
- Mrs. Sugi Darmayanti S.Pd as the English teacher in SMAN 2 Situbondo who always help me on this research.
- All staffs and teachers atSMAN 2 Situbondo
- All my beloved friends, transfer group, Ivan, Dani, Victor, Eric, Eri, Dedy, Anik, shandy, Maya and Mas Yuda, who always support me when I lose my spirit on writing my thesis. Thanks for your friendship
Their hospitality and fellowship have shown me much appreciation. Our companionship provided me with the joy and marvelous atmosphereof activities and creativity.
May Allah reward them abundantly, Ameen………..
Jember, Mei 23,2010
Suprihatin
DEDICATION PAGE
This thesis is dedicated to:
- My beloved parents, Siti Painem and Abdul Aziz for standing by me through my many years as a student, for their love, support, faith and confidence in me.
- My paramour, Akhmad Sufyan Tabroni, I am nothing without you.
- My dearest daughter, Dalilah Qotrunnada Sofiyah Tabroni, you are my spirit in my life.
- My dearest sisters, Juhariyatur Rosidah and Dini Melinda U.A for their kinds, support and love.
- My Almamater
TABLE OF CONTENTS
THE COVER SHEET…………………..…………………………...…...... i
TITLE SHEET ………………………………………………….……..………..ii
LOGO SHEET ………………………………...………………………...... iii
MOTTO ………………………………………………………………...... iv
AGREEMENT ………………………………………………………...... v
APPROVAL SHEET …………………………………………………...... vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ………………………………………………...... vii
DEDICATION …………………………………………………………….…..ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………...... ix
LIST OF APPENDICES ………………………………………...... xii
LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………….…….xiii
ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………………… xiv
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Research...... 1
1.2 Problem of the Research...... 3
1.3 Purpose of the Research...... 3
1.4 Significance of the Research...... 3
1.4.3For the English Teacher...... 4
1.4.4For the Students...... 4
1.4.5For the other Researchers...... 4
1.5Operational Definitions...... 4
1.5.1PQ4R...... 4
1.5.2 Inferential Reading Achievement...... 5
1.6 Scope and Limitations ...... 5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND HYPOTHESIS
2.1Review of Related Literature………………… ………………………. 6
2.1.1The Reading Process ...... 6
2.1.2 Reading Achievement...... 9
2.1.3Inferential Reading Achievement...... 9
2.1.4 The Spoof Text...... 11
2.1.5 Teaching Reading Using PQ4R Method ...... 12
2.1.6 Teaching Reading in Senior High School...... 13
2.1.7 The Advantages of PQ4R Method...... 14
2.1.8 The Procedure of Using PQ4R Method in Teaching Reading...... 15
2.1.8.1 Preview ...... 15
2.1.8.2 Question ...... 17
2.1.8.3 Read...... 18
2.1.8.4 Reflect ...... 19
2.1.8.5 Recite ...... 20
2.1.8.6 Review...... 21
2.2 The Hypothesis...... 22
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 Kind of the Research...... 23
3.2 Research Design...... 24
3.3 Area Determination Method...... 25
3.4 Respondent Determination Method...... 26
3.5Research Instrument...... 26
3.5.1Test...... 26
3.6The Procedure of Developing Instrument...... 28
3.6.1 The Analysis of the Test Items...... 29
3.6.2Difficulty Index of the Test...... 29
3.6.3Discriminating Power of the Test...... 30
3.6.4 Validity of the Test...... 30
3.6.5Reliability of the Test...... 31
3.7 Data Analysis...... 33
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH RESULTS AND DATA ANALYSIS
4.1 The Data Descriptions...... 36
4.1.1The Variable Characteristic of the Research...... 36
4.2 Data Analysis ...... 37
4.2.1The Pre-test and Post-test Analysis ...... 37
4.2.2 The Result of the Pre-test and Post-test Analysis...... 38
4.2.3 The Hypothesis Testing ...... 38
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION ...... 40
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
6.1 Conclusion...... 43
6.2 Suggestion...... 43
6.2.1 For the Researcher...... 44
6.2.2For the English Teacher...... 44
6.2.3 The Students...... 45
6.2.4For the Next Researcher...... 46
REFERENCES ...... 48
APPENDICES...... 51
Statement of originality…………………………………………………….. 87
Curriculum Vitae……………………………………………………………. 88
Surat Keterangan Penelitian
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1. Matrix………………………………………………Appendix 2. Test……………………………………………………
Appendix 3. The upper group ………………………………………
Appendix 4. The lower group ………………………………………
Appendix 5.The difficulty level and the discriminating power …….
Appendix 6. The Correlation and reliability ……………………….
Appendix 7. Pre Test Score of Experimental Group………………..
Appendix 8. Pre Test Score of Control Group………………..…….
Appendix 9. Lesson Plan first meeting……………………………..
Appendix 10. Lesson Plan second meeting…………………………
Appendix 11. Lesson Plan third meeting……………………………
Appendix 12. Lesson Plan fourth meeting………………………….
Appendix 13. Lesson Plan first meeting…………………………….
Appendix 14. Lesson Plan second meeting…………………………
Appendix 15. Lesson Plan third meeting……………………………
Appendix 16. Lesson Plan fourth meeting…………………………..
Appendix 17. The Subject Material……………………......
Appendix 18. Post Test Score of Experimental Group………………
Appendix 19. Post Test Score of Control Group…………………….
Appendix 20. The Tabulation of Pre-test and Post-test Score ……....
Appendix 21. The t - test analysis …………………………………...
Appendix 22. The name of students in the Experimental and Control group………………………………………………………………….
Appendix 23. The Schedule of the Research………………………… / 51
52
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
78
80
81
82
83
85
86
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
2.1 Component of the Reading Act...... 8
3.2 Research design (randomized control group pre-test and post-test)....25
3.2 The Test Mapping...... 31
4.1 The class and the number of the students in the implementation of the
research...... 35
4.3 The summary of the t-test result...... 38
ABSTRACT
Suprihatin. 2010. The Effect of PQ4R (preview, question, read, reflect, recite and review) method on the inferential reading achievement of the eleventh year student at SMA 2 Situbondo in the 2009/2010 academic year. Thesis. The English Language Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, MuhammadiyahUniversity of Jember.
Advisors :(1) Drs. H.M.Zaki Hasan M.Si (2) Henri Fatkurochman, SS.M.Hum
Key words: PQ4R Method, Inferential Reading Achievement
English has been regarded as one of the compulsory subjects which have been taught from junior high school up to university level. To support the language skills, especially reading, students should learn the other English subject, namely: grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, tenses and spelling .Usually, among them are presented in the printed form or a text. To avoid misunderstanding the content of reading materials, students need to have effective strategies in reading. Concerning with the student's reading skill, it is found that many students still have problems in reading.
In this research, the problem is that “is there significant effect of PQ4R method on reading achievement, specifically, inferential reading achievement at SMA 2 Situbondo in the 2009/2010 Academic Year?”. The purpose of this study is to know whether or not any significant effect of PQ4R Method on reading achievement, specifically, inferential achievement at SMA 2 Situbondo in the 2009/2010 Academic Year.
Based on the theory, the writer has hypothesis that there is a significant effect of PQ4R (Preview, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite and Review) Method on reading achievement, specifically, inferential achievement at SMA 2 Situbondo in the 2009/2010 Academic Year. This research is experimental research with randomized control group Pre-test and post-test. There is control group which contain 31 students and experimental group which contain 30 students. This research is usedcluster random sampling method to get the sample and used lottery to get the control and the experimental group. To obtain the research data, the researcher uses achievement test and use t-test formula to find out mean difference between the experimental and control group.
The results of data analysis shows that the obtained value of t-test is 5.35 and the critical value (t-table from the degree of freedom 59 with the significant level 5 % is 2. The data shows that the obtained value of t-test is higher than critical value. It means that there are significant effects of PQ4R Method on reading achievement, specifically, inferential achievement at SMA 2 Situbondo in the 2009/2010 Academic Year.
Based on the result of the research, it is suggest that the PQ4R able to be used in group of students, students need more practice and the teacher need other methods to teach English class, especially reading class.
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