Terrapin Invitational Tournament 2011
Edited by Maryland (SteveJon Guth, Chris Ray, Logan Anbinder, Paul Marchsteiner)
Packet by ASU B (Ian McCloskey, Marko Manojlovic, Ana Ordonez, Joe Yu, Brendan Guinn) and RPI A (Aaron Cohen, Matthew Greenbacker)
Tossups:
1. A nonlinear standing wave named for this man describes the ripples on a fluid inside a vibrating container. An isolator sometimes named for this man lets light pass in only one direction by making use of a magnetic field to rotate the polarization of light proportional to a material's Verdet constant, his namesake effect. He described a paradox that considers a group of three situations in which the EMF is predicted to be zero using magnetic flux lines, and he determined (*) ninety-six kilojoules per volt gram equivalent was the amount of electrical charge per mole of electrons. A device that protects the interior from outside electromagnetic waves is known as his namesake cage. For 10 points, name this English physicist namesake of a law of induction and who lends his name to the standard unit of capacitance.
ANSWER: Michael Faraday
2. Hostilities escalated during this event following the execution of Orangeman Thomas Scott. The appointment of William McDougal was among the causes of this event, which led to the recognition of the territory of Assiniboia. The Wolseley Expedition was sent in the aftermath of this event, causing its leader to flee, and it was triggered when Rupert’s Land was purchased from the (*) Hudson’s Bay Company and an English-speaking governor was appointed to govern a region composed largely of French-speaking Metis. Led by a man who would later launch the North-West Rebellion against John MacDonald, Louis Riel, for 10 points, name this 1869 rebellion in Manitoba whose namesake waterway is also the name of the river separating Oklahoma and Texas.
ANSWER: Red River Rebellion
3. In one work from this country, the title character helps Fabio administer a ranch he inherited from his father Don Caceres; that work is Don Segundo Sumbra by Ricardo Guiraldes. In another work from this country, the titular character and her cousin Daniel protect Eduardo from the Rosas regime in what is considered this country’s first novel, Amalia by Jose Marmol. One author from this country wrote The Tunnel and Of Heroes and Tombs and is named and Ernesto (*) Sabato. One of the most famous works from this country is written in the eight-syllable style of local ballads known as payadas; that work is a 2,316-line epic poem describing an impoverished farmer who has been drafted to serve at a border fort, El Gaucho Martin Fierro. For 10 points, identify this South American country home to Jose Hernandez, Manuel Puig, and Julio Cortazar.
ANSWER: Argentina
4. A figure missing its left leg sits down and leans back as it defends its torso in this artists Warrior with Shield. A blanket is wrapped around the lower body of a woman who sits with her husband on a park bench cradling a baby in his Family Group. One work by this man features two crescent shapes, one of which contains a bowstring, mounted on a circular stand with dashes marked out at certain intervals; That (*) sundial, Man Enters the Cosmos, was built for the Adler Planetarium. The exact spot of the first sustained fission reaction at the University of Chicago is commemorated by this man's mushroom cloud-shaped Nuclear Energy. A mutual influence of Barbara Hepworth, his work West Wind was inspired by Mayan Chac Mool statues and was similar in style to a group of works he produced that depicted abstract human figures lying on the ground. For 10 points, name this British sculptor best known for his Reclining Figures.
ANSWER: Henry Moore
5. The 2004 film The Ister was inspired by a lecture given by this man about the poetry of Friedrich Holderlin. This man contends that beginning with Pre-Socratics, namely Parmenides, humanity has misunderstood what it means “to be,” arguing that our notions of “common sense” lead us to errors in understanding. Later in life, this man wrote an analysis of Vincent van Gogh's painting “A Pair of Shoes,” called (*) “The Origin of the Work of Art,” along with a work in which he contrasts the “openness to being” to Nietzsche’s “will to power,” Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics. FTP, name this German philosopher, most famous for a work that opens by quoting Plato's Sophist, Being and Time.
ANSWER: Martin Heidegger
6. One work by this man begins with the narrator saying that he and Ringo are “the two supreme undefeated like two moths, two feathers riding above a hurricane,” and in a section of that work titled “An Odor of Verbena,” Bayard confronts Ben Redmond in his office while unarmed. The titular woman of one of this man’s short stories was said to be “a tradition, a duty, and a care,” by the townspeople, and this man wrote a series of seven stories including one in which Boon Hogganbeck kills Old Ben. Those stories involving Ike (*) McCaslin are collectively considered the novel Go Down, Moses. Joe was kidnapped from an orphanage and taken to Little Rock before fleeing to Mississippi and selling moonshine in this author’s Light in August, and another of his novels contains a chapter that simply says “My mother is a fish.” For 10 points, name this American author of A Rose for Emily and As I Lay Dying.
ANSWER: WilliamFaulkner
7. Henry Hunt and Mary Fildes were among the speakers at this event, whose aftermath saw the arrest of Samuel Bamford and charges of rampant alcoholism were leveled at Major Trafford and Captain Hugh Birley. Along with an earlier incident, this event inspired a plan by Arthur Thistlewood and Thomas Spence that was to have culminated with the (*) beheading of the entire cabinet at Lord Harrowby's dinner table, the Cato Street Conspiracy. Public meetings concerning church or state were banned by legislation following this event, which sparked unrest along with the earlier Spa Fields Riots. The Six Acts followed this event, in which a crowd protesting the recent Corn Laws was savagely charged by the 15th Hussars. For 10 points, name this 1819 massacre in Manchester, named to evoke Wellington's victory over Napoleon.
ANSWER: Peterloo Massacre or Battle of Peterloo
8. In an episode of Star Trek: The Original Series, this man claims to be “all too human,” before battling alongside Spock and Captain Kirk. In one comic, Randall Monroe depicts this man's most famous speech rebutted with a “your mom” joke, and in another, Google Trends pinpoints the highest concentration of searches for fan fiction about this man. Sujan Stevens wrote a 47 second reprise for the wife of this man, and in one comedy sketch, this character halts a play of (*) Hamlet to pee in a bottle before being hit in the posterior with a hammer, after which Timmy Williams announces that this man actually “died of being hammered in the ass.” This man serves as a vampire hunter in a Seth Grahame-Smith novel. For 10 points, name this U.S. President who is also the subject of an Aaron Copeland musical portrait and the captain of a Walt Whitman elegy.
ANSWER: Abraham Lincoln
9. This compound is the final product in a process that involves cytochrome P450 used by plant seeds to remove ammonia; ammonia also causes an additional increase of this compound’s level in the body in an effect inhibited by valine. An excessive release of this compound into the bloodstream is the main cause of cardiac fibrosis. This compound is stored by enterochromaffin or Kulchitsky cells, where it is released during digestion. In the body, the enzyme (*) monoamine oxidase converts this compound into 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. The synthesis of this compound uses the enzymes TPH and amino acid decarboxylase in a process that begins with tryptophan. This compound is targeted by drugs like Asentra, Zoloc, and Prozac. For 10 points, name this neurotransmitter whose levels are elevated by a class of antidepressants known as SSRIs.
ANSWER: serotonin [or 5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT]
10. In the second verse of this figure's sahasranama hymn is the name “buddha,” though it most likely does not refer to Siddhartha Gautama. This figure is sometimes depicted as having three wives representing prosperity, intelligence, and spirit. The Mudgala Purana is dedicated to the devotees of this deity, who are called (*) Ganapatyas. In the first of his incarnations described in the Purana, he takes the form of Vakratunda, the twisting trunk, an embodiment of Brahman in order to overcome the demon Matsaryasura, while his seventh and eighth incarnations correspond to Vishnu and Shiva.This deity is also notably worshiped by many followers of Jainism, and is known in Buddhism as Vinayaka. FTP, name this remover of obstacles, a Hindu deity with the head of an elephant.
ANSWER: Ganesha [accept Ganapati or Pillaiyar]
11. A handkerchief lies on top of a rock in the bottom right corner of this work while on the left, a boy wearing a white outfit checks the sharpness of his blade. This painting was specifically commissioned for the Hall of Kingdoms at the newly built Buen Retiro. This painting is dominated by two figures; the one on the right holds a black hat and an encased scroll in his left hand, has a red sash over his black (*) uniform and puts his right hand on the shoulder of another man. A blue and white checkered flag is seen on the right side of this painting just below an array of numerous spears which are nearly parallel with one another. This painting depicts Justin of Nassau, who hands a set of keys over to Ambrosio Spinola. For 10 points, name this painting by Diego Velazquez which shows the capitulation of a Dutch city during the Eighty Years War.
ANSWER: The Surrender of Breda or La Rendicion de Breda
12. In the beginning of this work, one character reads a newspaper story about a man getting run over, and later another character complains about needing a coin to pay for gas. On character remarks he would like to watch a soccer game in Birmingham on Saturday, and after receiving a packet with (*) matches the two central figures come to blows over the phrase "light the kettle." The Godot-figure Wilson never appears, instead making bizarre requests for various food items, and the play ends suggesting that Ben will shoot Gus. For 10 points, name this Harold Pinter play about two killers who receive their instructions via the title conveyance.
ANSWER: The Dumb Waiter
13. During this conflict, one side employed a spy named George Mayfield who had previously lived among the enemy forces. The leader of one side during this conflict would go on to lead the assassination of William McIntosh. This conflict saw a slaughter led by Peter McQueen and William Weatherford as well as the Battle of Burnt Corn and the escape of Chief Menawa. The Treaty of Fort (*) Jackson ended this conflict, which included the infamous Fort Mims Massacre, in the wake of the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, which involved members of the Red Stick Confederacy. Sparked after one side viewed the 1811 New Madrid Earthquake as a prophetic sign, it was waged by Andrew Jackson along with the Cherokee and Choctaw against the namesake Muscogee tribe. For 10 points, name this 1813-1814 war against a namesake southeastern Native Americans.
ANSWER: Creek War [or Red Stick War before mentioned]
14. One compound that performs this process consists of a metal bonded to pyridine, tris-cyclohexylphosphine, and 1,5-cyclooctadiene. Another compound contains a central ruthenium atom bonded to one chlorine atom and three triphenylphosphine groups. Those compounds are catalysts named after Crabtree and Wilkinson. This process can be performed using a mixture of solvated sodium in (*) liquid ammonia to obtain a trans product or by using a compound that contains palladium poisoned with quinilone. This process is often performed using Lindlar’s catalyst or Raney nickel, and typically involves the reduction of an alkyne or an alkene to an alkane. For 10 points, name this chemical process which as its name suggest involves the addition of the lightest chemical element.
ANSWER: hydrogenation
15. This composition begins with a Scherzo, which leads into a melodrama consisting of spoken-word over music, followed by an Intermezzo, a march, and the Nocturne. This work features a bergomask dance and parodies a funeral march towards its final portion, entitled “Through this house give glimmering light.” Vocal sections in this work include “The Spells,” “Over hill, over dale,” and (*) “Ye spotted snakes,” while it incorporated a sonata form overture of the same name the composer had written sixteen years earlier before he had revived interest in Bach's St. Matthew Passion. Portions of that overture appear at several points in this work, including in the background of the closing “if we shadows have offended” speech given by Puck. Featuring a notable Wedding March, for 10 points, name this Mendelssohn setting of incidental music for a Shakespeare play.
ANSWER: A Midsummer Night’s Dream[or Ein Sommernachtstraum]
16. The first chapter of this work ends with the narrator answering his own rhetorical question, stating “Very well, so I will talk about myself,” and in this work's seventh chapter he claims that “today, too, we live in barbarous times.” In one chapter of this work the narrator claims “not only too much consciousness, but any sort of consciousness is a disease.” The first part of this book ends with an observation of the (*) snow outside, which reminds the narrator of a story which “gives me no rest now,” and makes up the second part. The first part of this work begins with the author discussing his health and that he will not visit a doctor out of spite, saying “My liver hurts me—well let it damn well hurt—the more it hurts the better.” For 10 points, name this work about the life of an unnamed narrator, a novel by Fyodor Dostoevsky.
ANSWER: Notes FromThe Underground [or Letters from the Underworld or Zapiski iz Podpolya]
17. In one story, this god's daughter Alcippe was sexually assaulted by Halirrhothius. That murder resulted in the first trial in history at a location later called the Rock of this god. In another tale, Otus and Ephialtes, the Aloadae, imprisoned this god in a bronze vessel for over a year, and he was freed from that imprisonment by Hermes. One of this god’s sons, Lycaon, was turned into a wolf as punishment for attempting to kill Zeus. Another of this god’s sons, Oenomaus, was killed when he flew off his chariot because a bronze bolt was replaced with a wax one. At Troy, Diomedes wounded this god with the help of Athena, and this god attempted to avenge the killing of his daughter Penthesileia by Achilles. In some legends, this god with Harmonia is considered to be the father of the Amazons. For 10 points, name this lover of Aphrodite, the Greek god of war.
ANSWER: Ares
18. The La Penca bombing in this country targeted the life of rebel leader “Commander Zero.” William Cromwell was hired to launch a massive disinformation campaign about this country, which included sending stamps to members of Congress showing a smoking volcano. Luis Mena led a wave of discontent against this country’s president Adolfo Diaz, leading to foreign intervention that resulted in a lease of its Corn Islands in a treaty negotiated by (*) William Jennings Bryan. Jose Santos Zelaya annexed the Mosquito Coast for this country, where years of unrest were ended by the election of Violeta Chamorro. The presence of U.S. marines in this country led to an uprising by Augusto Sandino, while the Tower Commission investigated secret arms shipments to this country that exploded into the Iran-Contra Affair. For 10 points, name this Central American country long-ruled by the Somozas from Managua.
ANSWER: Republic of Nicaragua
19. A follow up study to a work by this man showed that conditions set up by this psychologist led to an increase in corticosterone secretion. One study by this man was inspired by previous work conducted by John Bowlby and used a device which would occasionally catapult the subject off, while another consisted of a modified Butler box. This man published the results of one set of experiments in his paper “The Nature of Love.” One study by this man explored the idea of (*)“contact comfort” in infants, using “surrogate mothers” made out of terrycloth and wire, and this psychologist's more sociopathic experiments included the "rape rack." For 10 points, name this American psychologist known for experimenting on rhesus monkeys in isolation chambers dubbed “pits of despair”.
ANSWER: Harry Harlow
20. Large amounts of limonite can be produced by alteration of this mineral and it lends its name to a geometric form which is one of its two common crystal habits. Its oxidation plays an important role in the supergene alteration of hydrothermal sulfide deposits. Other features include penetration twins known as “iron crosses” as well as characteristic 3-fold rotational symmetry-related striations on crystal faces. Its polymorph marcasite features a distinctive (*) cockscomb shape and this mineral has a distinctive greenish black streak. It is also the most common sulfide mineral, occurring in almost all hydrothermal deposits. For 10 points, name this often cubic brassy-yellow mineral with the formula FeS2, commonly known as “fool’s gold”.