Physics
Physics of Soft Matter
These notes were prepared for the one-semester course in theoretical physics of soft condensed matter physics for master students at the Department of Physics, University of Ljubljana. The course consists of 30 hours of lectures and 15 hours of tutorials/seminar. The aim of the course is to provide a broad review the phenomena and the concepts characteri ...
Psychophysics
In the XIX century and earlier such physicists as Newton, Mayer, Hooke, Helmholtz and Mach were actively engaged in the research on psychophysics, trying to relate psychological sensations to intensities of physical stimuli. Computational physics allows to simulate complex neural processes giving a chance to answer not only the original psychophysical qu ...
Solar Wind and Kinetic Heliophysics
This paper reviews recent aspects of solar wind physics and elucidates the role Alfvén waves play in solar wind acceleration and turbulence, which prevail in the low corona and inner heliosphere. Our understanding of the solar wind has made considerable progress based on remote sensing, in situ measurements, kinetic simulation and fluid modeling. Further ...
The Origins of Medical Physics
The historical origins of medical physics are traced from the first use of weighing as a means of monitoring health by Sanctorius in the early seventeenth century to the emergence of radiology, phototherapy and electrotherapy at the end of the nineteenth century. The origins of biomechanics, due to Borelli, and of medical electricity following Musschenbr ...
Introduction to Laser Physics
The theory of mode structure was outlined in Chapter II, and a number of basic facts concerning mode structure were included in the general description of the ruby (Section 111.1) and the helium-neon laser (Section VA). Here we summarize general experience and supplement the material' already presented, with emphasis on discoveries made during the years ...
Overview of Geophysics
Geophysics is the application of known physical principles to the study of the Earth. Terrestrial systems, like anything else, obey physical laws, and through applications of these laws quantitative predictions about the Earth’s present physical state and future evolution can be inferred. Geophysics, as a hybrid of geology and physics, requires awareness ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA of AGROPHYSICS
Em. Prof. Jan Gliński, soil scientist, is a full member of the Polish Academy of Sciences. He was Director of the Institute of Agrophysics in Lublin from 1982 to 2003. He was one of the initiators and an active promoter of scientific cooperation between many universities and institutes in Poland and abroad, and organized many international conferences on ...
Polymer Physics
Macromolecules are literally all around us. Many molecules essential to life, such as DNA, RNA, proteins, and polysaccharides, are macromolecules. These giant molecules are responsible for all of the most sophisticated functions in cells, such as transmitting hereditary information, catalyzing chemical reactions, building complex structures, providing me ...
Molecular Physics
There are a number a textbooks to be recommended for those who wish to study molecular spectroscopy; the best ones are: 1)The series of books by Gerhard Herzberg Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure I. Spectra of Diatomic Molecules II. Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy of Polyatomic Molecules III. Electronic Spectra of Polyatomic Molecules 2)Peter F. ...
Astroparticle Physics
Astroparticle Physics publishes experimental and theoretical research papers in the interacting fields of Cosmic Ray Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmology and Particle Physics focusing on new developments in the following areas: • High-energy cosmic-ray physics and astrophysics; • Particle cosmology; • Particle astrophysics; • Related astrophysi ...
Basic Accelerator Physics
The guiding and focusing of a charged particle beam in a circular accelerator rely on a series of magnetic elements, separated by field-free drift spaces, that form the accelerator lattice. The design of the lattice is one of the first tasks for the accelerator designer. One normally starts with a simplified structure, containing only ideal magnetic dipo ...
A Concise Introduction to Astrophysics
• Astronomy is with mathematics one of the oldest branches of science. It has served as basis for calendars, navigation, has been an important input for religions and was for a long time intertwined with astrology. • Some of the most important steps in modern astronomy were: – Galileo performed 1609 the first astronomical studies using a telescope. He di ...
Aristotelian Physics
No other philosopher had such a deep and long-standing impact on Western science as Aristotle. In the fourth century BC he developed a fully comprehensive worldview that would with only few modifications stand for about two thousand years. Rather than just collecting isolated facts, he posed fundamental questions about nature and about the methods to stu ...
Elementary Particles in Physics
Elementary-particle physics deals with the fundamental constituents of matter and their interactions. In the past several decades an enormous amount of experimental information has been accumulated, and many patterns and systematic features have been observed. Highly successful mathematical theories of the electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions h ...
The Birth of Modern Physics
By the end of the nineteenth century, already a large amount was known concerning the behaviour of objects subjected to forces of different kinds. But it had been a long and arduous road on the acquisition of this knowledge, with contributions from several great scientists. For example, the laws of mechanics began to really take shape with the work of Ga ...
Nuclear Physics Review
It is a great honor to receive this award [1] and simultaneously bittersweet, given the recent passing of Ken Wilson [2]. It leaves with me with a great confusing mix of feelings and thoughts which I will mostly spare you. There are two thoughts I feel compelled to share: I would have liked to meet him; I feel a great sense of responsibility to continue ...