Supplementary Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the subjects

Study 1 / Study 2 / Study 3
Case
proteinuria / control / Case
proteinuria / control / case
ESRD / control
Sex (M:F) / 505:244a,b / 267:285c / 302 : 147a / 555 : 410 / 199 : 101 / 149 : 69c
Age (year) / 60.1 ± 0.4a / 62.4 ± 0.5 / 64.7 ± 0.4 / 64.8 ± 0.3 / 64.4 ± 0.6 / 65.0 ± 0.7
BMI (kg/m2) / 23.7 ± 0.2 / 23.6 ± 0.2 / 23.5 ± 0.2 / 23.8 ± 0.1 / 22.1 ± 0.2a / 23.4 ± 0.3
HbA1c (%) / 7.6 ± 0.2 / 7.6 ± 0.1 / 8.0 ± 0.1 / 8.1 ± 0.1 / 6.12 ± 0.07a / 6.80 ± 0.07
SBP (mmHg) / 140 ± 1a / 132 ± 1 / 141 ± 1a / 134 ± 1 / 142 ± 1a / 121 ± 1
DBP (mmHg) / 76 ± 0.5a / 74 ± 0.5 / 77 ± 0.5 / 77 ± 0.4 / 73 ± 1§ / 69 ± 1
Duration (year) / 19.3 ± 0.4a / 15.3 ± 0.4 / 13.9 ± 0.4 / 10.1 ± 0.3 / 21.9 ± 0.9a / 16.3 ± 0.4
S-Cr (mg/dl) / 2.19 ± 0.09 a, / 0.75 ± 0.02 / 2.15 ± 0.10 a, / 0.83 ± 0.02 / 10.56 ± 0.17 a, / 0.86 ± 0.03
Study 4
Case
proteinuria / control
Sex (M:F) / 135:60a, / 146:118
Age (year) / 64.7 ± 0.8 / 66.4 ± 0.6
BMI (kg/m2) / 24.5 ± 0.3a / 23.7 ± 0.2
HbA1c (%) / 6.9 ± 0.1 / 7.5 ± 0.1
SBP (mmHg) / 136 ± 1 / 135 ± 1
DBP (mmHg) / 77 ± 0.8 / 76 ± 0.6
Duration (year) / 11.1 ± 0.6 / 12.5 ± 0.6
S-Cr (mg/dl) / 3.06 ± 0.14 a, / 0.87 ± 0.03

Values are mean ± SE

a P < 0.05 vs. control, b information for 5 subjects are unknown c information for 6 subjects are unknown