Study Guide Unit I: Ancient Mediterranean Civilizations 3500 BCE to 500 BCE
- Main purpose of the pyramids in Ancient Egypt
- Definition of Theocracy in Egypt
- Use of papyrus in Ancient Egypt
- Narmer’s greatest achievement
- Roles of women in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia
- How was Sargon able to make Akkad the first empire?
- What did the pyramids show about the Old Kingdom in Egypt?
- Definition of monotheism
- Man who led the Hebrews out of slavery in Egypt
- The Phoenicians
- Phoenician contribution to written communication
- Babylon
- City-state
- Cultural diffusion
- Cuneiform
- Dynasty
- Empire
- Fertile Crescent
- Mesopotamia
- Monarchy
- Polytheism
- Sargon
- Hammurabi
- Sumer
Identify:
- Indo-Europeans
- Aryans
- Brahmin
- Untouchable
- Mahabharata
- Nirvana
- Reincarnation
- Legalism
- Filial piety
- Shi Huangdi
- Qin Dynasty
- Confucianism
Themes:
- How did Buddhism spread across Asia
- Who established the Caste System
- Common belief between Hinduism and Buddhism
- Justification for Han emperors’ power
- Chinese control over commerce and manufacturing
- Compare Chandragupta Maurya and Wudi
- Indian trade affect on Southeast Asia
- Indian civilization during the Gupta Empire
- Hindu gods Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva
- Belief that helped Buddhism popular with the masses
- Closely guarded secret in China
- Technological advances during the Han Dynasty
- Characteristics of Wudi
- Women’s role under Confucianism
- Indian inventions
- Compare Moksha and Nirvana
- Confucian belief to restore social order, harmony, and good government
- Unification of China
- Chinese system of bureaucracy under Wudi
Greece
Vocabulary: Greece—Polis, Citizen, Aristocrat, Phalanx, Tyrant, Oligarchy, and Democracy.
Rivals: Sparta and Athens
- Sparta: --A Military Society: development of soldiers (at what age did boys enter military barracks?; became soldiers?; expected to marry?; retire?
- Government: oligarchy;.
- Results of Militarism: economic development; philosophy; science; arts.
- Athens: descendents of?; located?
-- Athenian Education: rhetoric- the art of public speaking.
-- The Golden Age of Athens: Pericles- 447BC rebuilt Athens’ temples and palaces of the acropolis; * the Parthenon (the temple of Athena)
-- The 3 Greek Philosophers and their philosophies: Socrates- absolute rather than relative truth; Socratic Method. Plato- more importance to the state than to the individual; concept on reality. Aristotle- the golden mean; ideas toward Science: knowledge gained through the senses; Government: ideal form of government balanced monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy in one system.
Rome
- Roman Republic-Western European culture
- Art and literature-Romans were influenced
- Political life adopted by Germanic leaders
- Result of the fall of the Roman Empire
- Christianity in the Roman Empire-during the first 3 centuries A.D.
- Edict Milan
- Long-term contributions of Ancient Greece and Rome