Name______Date______

Study Guide Unit 8: Genetics

  1. Define

a)Gamete

b)Diploid

c)Haploid

d)Meiosis

e)crossing-over

f)Homologous Chromosomes

g)Genetics

h)Inheritance

i)Gregor Mendel

j)Probability

k)Genotype

l) Phenotype

m)Genes

n)Trait

o)Homozygous

p)Heterozygous

q)Allele

r)Dominant

s)Recessive

t)Incomplete Dominance

u)Hybrid

v)Punnett square

w)Trisomy 21

x)Karyotype

  1. Matching:
  1. Geneticsa. process of reductive division
  2. Traitb. specific characteristic
  3. Hybridc. offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
  4. Gened. containing a single set of chromosomes
  5. Allelee. factor that determines traits
  6. Gametef. the scientific study of heredity
  7. Haploidg. form of a gene
  1. Complete the packet of genetics problems that your teacher has provided.
  1. ______and ______are similar because the heterozygous phenotype is different from the homozygous dominant phenotype. They are different than normal dominance.
  2. ______during meiosis results in the exchange of alleles and produces new combinations of alleles.
  3. The principle of dominance states that

a)All alleles are recessive

b)All alleles are dominant

c)Some alleles are dominant and others are recessive

d)Alleles are neither dominant or recessive

  1. When you flip a coin what is the probability that it will come up heads?
  1. What do homozygous and heterozygous mean? Give an example of each.
  1. What does pure breeding mean? What about hybrid?
  1. How are codominance and incomplete dominance different?
  1. Give an example of a trait that is controlled by multiple alleles? What does multiple alleles mean?
  1. Give an example of a polygenic trait.
  1. If an organisms haploid number of chromosomes is 25, what is the diploid number?
  1. What process produces gametes? Were are gametes produced?
  1. How many chromosomes does a human karyotype have?
  1. What are sex chromosomes? Autosomal chromosomes?
  1. Female sex chromosomes are X____ and males are X_____.
  1. What is a sex-linked trait? Are males or females more likely to be affected by X-linked recessive diseases? Why?
  1. Who was Gregor Mendel and what organisms did he study?
  1. Draw the pedigree for the following family. Is the trait is autosomal or sex-linked? Dominant or recessive?

Mary married to Bob, with 2 sons (Bill and Joe) and 2 daughters (Karen and Molly). Their son, Bill, married June and had Sutton (a boy) and Jill (a girl). Their daughter, Molly, married Kyle and had Bo (a son) and Doug (a son). It was discovered that the Joe, Bo, and Doug had muscular dystrophy, a disease that leads to gradual weakening of muscle in the human body.

  1. Answer the following questions using the dihybrid cross below for guinea pig fur color and length..

Key: B – Black fur b- brown fur

S – short furs – long fur

What is the genotype of the box with a question mark?

What is the phenotype ofthe box with a question mark?