Spring 2014 PreAP Chemistry Spring Final Review
1)Know each term for phase changes (melting, boiling, condensing, sublimation, etc.)
2)Define Charles’s, Boyle’s, and Gay-Lussac’s law and give an example of each.
3)Describe the motion of particles at absolute zero.
4)What is an ionic bond?
5)Define saturated, supersaturated and unsaturated.
6)What are the products of neutralization?
7)How can the rate of reaction be increased?
8)What is the molarity of 0.25moles of solute in 1.5L of solution?
9)What is the molality of 1.5moles of solute in 500g of solvent?
10)1.5 moles of salt are contained in a 0.5M solution. What is the volume?
11)For the reaction N2 + 3H2 2NH3, how many moles of nitrogen are required to produce 10 moles of ammonia?
12) Define qualitative analysis.
13)For the reaction SO3 + H2O H2SO4, how many grams of sulfur trioxide are required to produce 5.0 moles of H2SO4?
14) For the reaction 2Na +Cl2 2NaCl, how many grams of Cl2 are required to react completely with 3.0 moles of sodium?
15) Define limiting reagent.
16) What is the kinetic molecular theory?
17)Define diffusion.
18)How much faster does He(g) diffuse than CO2(g)?
19)What is standard pressure in atmospheres, torr, and kilopascals?
20)What happens to volume as temperature increases (if pressure and moles are constant)?
21)Tell what all of the letters in PV=nRT stand for.
22)What is the volume of one mole of gas at STP?
23)Define catalyst (heterogeneous and homogeneous)and inhibitor.
24)What color does acid make litmus turn?
25)What are the suffix rules for naming acids?
26)Give examples of acids and bases.
27)Define Arrhenius, Bronstead-Lowry and Lewis acid and base.
28)How many mL of 0.02M NaOH are required to neutralize 30mL of 0.50M HCl?
29)A solution in which the hydroxide ion concentration is 1x10-8M is what?
30)The pH of a solution with a concentration of 0.010M HCl is what?
31)What is the pH of a 0.10M solution of HCN, if its Ka value is 2.2x10-6?
32)What is a dilute solution?
33)What are colligative properties?
34)Name three colligative properties.
35)Find the new freezing point temperature if 36g of NaCl are dissolved into 250g of water.
36)What does polyprotic mean, and how does it impact Ka?
37)What is the law of conservation of mass?
38)Given the equation 3Cu + 8HNO3 3Cu(NO3)3 + 4H2O + 2NO, what mass of copper is consumed when 15 grams of nitrogen monoxide is produced?
39)What is the molarity of a solution that contains 4.0g of NaOH in 500mL of water?
40)What happens when vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to atmospheric pressure?
41)In the equilibrium reaction 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g) + heat, how can equilibrium be shifted to produce more SO3?
42)How does a catalyst speed up a reaction?
43)What is equilibrium?
44)What is the pH of a neutral solution?
45)What is formed when hydrochloric acid is neutralized by sodium hydroxide?
46)What is the pOH of a solution whose hydronium ion concentration is 0.0001M?
47)If [OH]=1x10-4, the [H+]=?
48)What are the conditions of STP?
49)How many degrees in Kelvin are between the freezing point of a substance at –38oC and its boiling point at 257oC.
50)What is molarity?
51)Define liquid.
52)What is temperature?
53)How many moles of solute are present in 1.25L of a 0.75M NaNO3 solution?
54)In saltwater, what are the solute and solvent?
55)What does adding antifreeze do to boiling point and freezing point?
56)What is the effect of adding more CO2 to the equilibrium reaction CO2(g) + H2O(l) H2CO3(aq)?
57)When 2.0 moles of methanol are dissolved in 45g of water, what is the mole fraction of methanol?
58)Given the reaction 2C2H2 + 5O2 4CO2 + 2H2O, what is the total number of grams of O2 needed to react completely with 0.5 moles of C2H2?
59)Sugar dissolved in water would be what type of mixture?
60)Give the characteristics of acids and bases.
61)Give an example of a neutralization reaction.
62)Tin reacts with hydrofluoric acid to produce tin (II) fluoride and hydrogen gas. How many grams of tin (II) fluoride can be produced with 5.5 grams of hydrofluoric acid?
63)How many liters of hydrogen gas combine with nitrogen gas to form 8.75 grams of ammonia?
64)Silicon dioxide reacts with carbon to produce silicon carbide (SiC) and carbon monoxide. If there are 50.0 grams of silicon dioxide and 26 grams of carbon, which is the limiting reagent, and how much silicon carbide can be produced?
65)What is the specific heat of a substance that requires 2250J to raise the temperature of 35g of the substance by 60.0oC?
66)A 77.6g chunk of a substance at 100.8oC is put into a 223.7g sample of water at 22.3oC. If the final temperature of the system is 23.0oC, what is the specific heat of the substance?
67)How many moles of N2 are in a 250 mL flask at a pressure of 1580 torr and a temperature of 27oC?
68)Krypton occupies a volume of 15.0 L at a pressure of 210 kPa. Find the volume of Kr when the pressure increases to 790 kPa.
69)What is the molar mass of a gas, if 12.2g of the gas occupies a volume of 4.5L at 1.76atm and 22oC?
70)If sodium carbonate is heated, it produces sodium oxide and carbon dioxide. If 12.2g of sodium carbonate is heated, and the gas is collected in a balloon, what will be the balloon’s volume when at STP?
71)In the equation 2SO2 + O2 2SO3, the concentration of sulfur trioxide is .016M, the concentration of sulfur dioxide is .0056M and the concentration of oxygen is .0021M. What is the equilibrium constant?
72)For the following equation, find the change in Gibbs free energy and tell whether the reaction is spontaneous by a) using the enthalpy and entropy change and b) the Gibbs free energy of formation: CH4(g) + O2(g) CO2(g) + H2O(g)
73)For the reaction A + 2B C, the following data was collected:
Initial conc.Initial conc.Initial Rate
of Aof B(M/s)What is the rate law expression for the equation?
0.25M1.5M8.875x10-3What is the order of the equation in respect to A,B, and overall?
0.25M3.0M1.775x10-2What is the value for k?
0.50M1.5M3.550x10-2If the conc. of both reactants was 1.00M, what would the initial rate be?
74)Calculate the molarity of a solution made by adding 2.5 grams of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to 15 liters of water.
75)How many grams of Mg(BrO3)2 should be added to 3190g of water to make a 1.2 molal solution?
76)When 16.8g of (NH4)2CO3 are added to 258.8g of water, what is the resultant freezing point of the solution?
77)What is the molar mass of an unknown salt that breaks into 3 particles when 14.5g of the salt are added to 341g of water and the boiling point is 100.31oC?
78)A 0.045M solution of a certain acid has a pH of 1.90; what is the value of Kafor the acid?
79)What is the pOH of a solution with [H+]=7.1x10-8?
80)What is the [OH-] of a solution with a pH of 1.2?
81)What is the pH of a 0.099M solution of NH4OH if the Kb=3.35x10-4?
82)What is the molarity of HCl if it takes 18.11mL of 3.11M NaOH to titrate a 10.02mL HCl sample?
83)How many milliliters of 0.330M NaOH solution would it take to neutralize 119.8mL of 2.1M HCl solution?