RISE OF INDUSTRIAL AMERICA 186501900 WORKSHEET/STUDY GUIDE
1. Fill in the chart below,
Invention / Inventor / date2. How old was McCormick when he invented the first successful Mechanical reaper?
3. What was the first message sent over a telegraph line in 1844?
4. What was the advantage of the steel plow?
5. Name the machine that could create 20,000 impressions per hour and who invented it?
6. What invention did Howe and Singer come up with?
7. Describe what the Atlantic cable did.
8. Who was Cyrus Fields?
9. Why were river and canal transportation systems limited?
10. How many miles of track where there in 1870 and in 1910?
11. Explain what happened in 1883 that helped railroad time.
12. Which invention made train travel much safer?
13. Who made a better sleeping car that made train travel more comfortable?
14. List the four time zones.
15. What did George Westinghouse invent?
16. Operation of the railroads depended on______.
17. What event cleared the way for the construction of a northern transcontinental route?
18. Describe what the Pacific railway Acts did.
19. Why were Native Americans upset with the transcontinental Railroad?
20. Why were there available Chinese workers in the U.S.?
21. How many Chinese workers died building the transcontinental railroad?
22. When was the transcontinental railroad completed?
23. What had to be redone to the transcontinental railroad in 15 years? Why?
24. Give three facts as to how the transcontinental railroad changed the nation.
25. When did the first train reach Lake Erie?
26. List three reasons why the U.S. changed dramatically between 1860 an 1890.
27. In what year were there 4,000,000 farms?
28. In what two years was the acreage of farms the same?
29. List eleven new farm implement inventions.
30. Explain how the reaper-binder improved upon the reaper.
31. How many machines did McCormick sell in 1864? How many in 1888?
32. What did the US become a major exporter of?
33. What did Luther Burbank do?
34. Describe what important event happened at the Tuskegee Institute.
35. What were centers of research in scientific farming called?
36. Explain why agricultural research hurt farmers.
37. List four factors that created the second Industrial Revolution.
38. Where did the new workers come from?
39. What is money used for investment called?
40. List three new industries after the Civil War.
41. What were three ways industrialization changed the U.S.?
42. Which nation had the largest % of manufacturing in 1870 and in 1913?
43. Why do you think coal production was so important?
44. List seven raw materials the U.S. was rich with.
45. Name two things the U.S.’s vast arable land allowed it to do.
46 What do you think the term “arable land” means?
47. What provided power for pre steam engine factories?
48. Fill in the chart below:
49. In what year did the U.S. population grow the most?
50. Which nation received the most immigrants?
51. Name three philosophies that facilitated industrialism?
52. Explain the term laissez faire.
53. Wealth of Nations was written by______.
54. Explain why industrialists liked laissez faire.
55. What is Herbert Spencer best remembered for?
56. Explain what the “unfit” inherit? What would eventually happen to the numbers of the “unfit”.
57. Describe the economic system that Spencer favored.
58. What kind of properties did the fittest people pass on to their children?
59. Would Spencer have been in favor of food stamps and public assistance? Why?
60. Fill in the table below:
Item / Spencer for or against / ReasonGovernment aid to the poor (example) / Against(example) / It bred immorality(example)
Labor unions
Public school system
laissez faire system
Most taxation
Treating disease
61. What did William Graham Sumner believe about Humans?
62. Social progress depended on______, according to Sumner.
63. Describe the concept that Horatio Alger put in his books.
64. Name three men who were involved with the first typewriters.
65. Describe what happened to typewriter sales after Remington engineers made improvements.
66. Who was one of the first people to use a typewriter?
67. What did the typewriter do for women?
68. Which invention revolutionized the type setting industry and who invented it?
69. Faraday and Wheatstone were involved with what new power source?
70. List five major figures in the development of electricity.
71. What was Edison’s first patent for?
72. What did Edison invent in 1879?
73. Some of advantages of steel are______.
74. Who discovered a cheap process for making steel?
75. What did Carnegie do?
76. Which nation had the largest iron ore production in 1870?
77. What was the U.S.’s largest export?
78. In the book Gilded Age what type of American society was depicted?
79. Explain the term “Captains of Industry”.
80. Explain the term “Robber Barons”.
81. List seven “Robber barons”.
82. What percentage of U.S. wealth did “Robber barons” control in the late 1900’s?
83. Compare the number of billionaires in 1900 with 2004.
84. Most of the billionaires in 1900 made their money in ______.
85. What were “Robber Barons” of the 19th century compared to?
86. Explain what the Credit Mobilier scandal showed.
87. The Credit Mobilier was involved with what business?
88. Who were the four men involved in the battle for the Erie Railroad?
89. Who began investing in railroads in the 1860’s and went on to build New York’s Grand Central Station?
90. Define conspicuous consumption? Give an example.
91. Why did Daniel Drew lose all his money?
92. Who was called the “worst man in the world”? Why?
93. Explain the results of “Black Friday”.
94. What was one of Drew’s business strategies?
95. List two positive things Jay Gould did.
96. Give an example of one of Gould’s sayings that made him so hated.
97. Explain some of the things James Fisk did in partnership with Gould.
98. Describe what happened to Fisk in 1872.
99. How did John D, Rockefeller come to dominate the oil industry?
100. How much was Rockefeller worth?
101. What investment did Andrew Carnegie make that eventually led him to dominate the steel industry?
102. Explain what Carnegie argued in his book The Gospel of Wealth.
103. Who made a fortune financing railroads that were in financial trouble?
104. What did J.P. Morgan control by the early 1900’s?
105. What was one of J.P. Morgan’s famous quotes?
106. Explain why many Americans distrusted big business at the end of the 19th century.
107. Name another factor that allowed a huge growth in business.
108. Describe what Jay Gould provided as a model for other businessmen.
109. Fill in the chart below with the Major Terms defined.
term / Definition110. Explain limited liability.
111. Which court case declared corporations were a “natural person”?
112. List some types of state laws the Supreme Court ruled were unconstitutional?
113. Give an example of horizontal and vertical integration.
114. Trusts were designed to eliminate _____.
115. What percentage of the U.S. oil refining capacity did Rockefeller control?
116. Explain what Ida Tarbell book revealed.
117. List the three main political issues in the Gilded Age?
118. Explain the term ‘voting the graveyard.”
119. Fill in the chart below:
Who made up the Republicans / Who made up the Democratic Party120. Explain what happened to government at the end of the 19th century.
121. How to historians judge Grant’s presidency?
122. What two things did Grant do to stop the KKK?
123. List four scandals that happened during Grant’s term.
124. What president removed troops from the south ending Reconstruction?
125. What is the Compromise of 1877 often called?
126. Who was the assassin of President Garfield?
127. What did the Pendleton Act create?
128. Before the Pendleton Act how did many people get government jobs?
129. Explain the term spoils system.
130. List three pieces of legislation that President Arthur signed.
131. What were three “firsts” on Grover Cleveland’s presidency?
132. Why was Cleveland unpopular in his second term?
133. Where did President Harrison want a canal built?
134. What was the purpose of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?
135. Describe the results of James G. Blaine’s focus on Latin America?
136. What did President Cleveland do to ease the suffering the nation faced in the Panic of 1893?
137. Why was Cleveland unpopular with many workers?
138. Explain President McKinley’s views on trusts.
139. Which war happened during McKinley’s term in office?
140. What happened to McKinley at the beginning of his second term?