Review for 6 Week CCA ---Test is 10/5/15

1. Name 3 functions of the digestive system:

a. BREAK DOWN FOOD

b. ABSORB THE NUTRIENTS

c. ELIMINATE WASTE

2. What is the formula for a sugar molecule? C6H12O6. List all the different elements that make up sugar. CARBON, HYDROGEN, OXYGEN

Which is the most common? HYDROGEN

3. What are things that are living or were once alive called? ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Which element do all living things have? CARBON

4. What are some clues that a chemical change has occurred? A NEW SUBSTANCE IS FORMED, BUBBLING OR GAS, IT CANNOT GO BACK TO WHAT IT WAS BEFORE.

5. Give some examples of a chemical change. BAKING A CAKE, BURNING PAPER (FORMS ASH-A NEW SUBSTANCE), SALIVA DISSOLVING A CRACKER IN YOUR MOUTH

6. What happens to carbohydrates after we eat them and they are broken down? THEY ARE CHEMICALLY CONVERTED INTO ENERGY

7. How did the starch break down in the cracker? Starch breaks down into GLUCOSE (sugar) through a CHEMICAL reaction in the mouth caused by enzymes in the SALIVA.

8. What energy transformations are taking place during digestion to make you move? CHEMICALMECHANICAL

9. Which system breaks down large molecules into smaller molecules? DIGESTION

10. Give 3 examples of when chemical changes are occurring during digestion.

a. SALIVA BREAKS DOWN FOOD WITH AN ENZYME

b. STOMACH BREAKS DOWN FOOD WITH ACID

c. SMALL INTESTINE ABSORBS NUTRIENTS AND RELEASES THE MOLECULES INTO THE BLOODSTREAM

11. Give 2 examples of when physical changes are occurring during digestion.

a. TEETH ARE CHEWING FOOD

b. STOMACH IS CHURNING AND MIXING FOOD

12. Cells are the basic unit of structure, Tissues are a collection of cells, Organs are a collection of tissues, Organ systemsare a collection of organs. The stomach is a collection of tissues, so it is an ORGAN of the digestive system. The digestive system is a collection of organs, so it is an ORGAN SYSTEM. Muscles are a collection of cells, so it is a TISSUE.

13. Answer the questions chemical or physical.

a. _PHYSICAL_Teeth breaking down food into smaller pieces.

b. _PHYSICAL__Tongue helping shape the food into a ball to be passed down the esophagus.

c. _PHYSICAL_Esophagus transports food from the mouth to the stomach.

d. _CHEMICAL_In the stomach, the acid breaks down food so the body can absorb the nutrients.

e. CHEMICAL Absorption in the small intestine

14. What kind of energy conversion is occurring during digestion to keep your organs warm?

CHEMICAL ENERGY--->HEAT ENERGY

15. Mechanical digestion occurs in theMOUTH and in the STOMACH. Where does mostmechanical digestion occur? STOMACH. Where does most chemical digestion take place? SMALL INTESTINE.

16. The villi line the inside of the SMALL INTESTINE. What is the purpose of the villi? TO ABSORB THE NUTRIENTS and INCREASE SURFACE AREA.

17. How do you know when work is being done? WHEN THE OBJECT MOVES IN THE DIRECTION YOU ARE EXERTING THE FORCE. Give an example of when work is being done. WHEN YOU ARE PUSHING A DESK ACROSS THE FLOOR AND IT MOVES TO THE OTHER SIDE OF THE ROOM.

18. Which systems allows you to chew food by creating movement that acts like a lever?

MUSCULAR and SKELETAL.

19. Which system gives the body structure and the ability to move? SKELETAL

20. Indicators detect the presence of certain substances. They will usually change colors in the presence of certain substances. The following indicators were be used to test for these compounds in four unknown materials.

Indicator / Original Color / Test Substance / Final Color
Lugol / Iodine / Red-brown / Starch / Navy blue, purple, black
Benedict’s / Blue / Sugar / Yellow-orange, Brick red
Biuret’s / Blue / Protein / Lavender

The results of the tests on the four unknown substances are shown below. Which of the unknown substances does not react so therefore cannot contain an organic substance?

Substance / Biuret’s / Benedict’s / Iodine
A / Blue / Blue / Red-Brown
B / Blue / Brick Red / Red-Brown
C / Lavender / Blue / Red-Brown
D / Blue / Blue / Black

a.SUBSTANCE Ac.Substance C

b.Substance Bd.Substance D

21.The digestive system below contains a mouth, a salivary gland, a stomach, a duodenum (small intestine), and a pancreas. If you were missing the organs to break down fat and protein, not all of these foods would be able to completely digest.

Which of the following foods will digest most completely in this system?

  • A. Chicken
  • B. Ice cream
  • C. Butter
  • D. Pasta