RESEARCH PROJECT : DR JON PATRICIOS (Genetic Predisposition to Concussion)

RESEARCH PROJECT : DR JON PATRICIOS (Genetic predisposition to concussion)

Search for: limit 8 to (english language and humans)

Results: 1-28

Database: Ovid MEDLINE(R) <1950 to November Week 2 2009>

Search Strategy:

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1 exp brain concussion/ge (12)

2 exp brain concussion/ (3646)

3 (gene or genetic$ or genes or genotype$).af. (1888748)

4 2 and 3 (31)

5 1 or 4 (33)

6 limit 5 to (english language and humans) (20)

7 concuss$.tw. or 2 (4756)

8 3 and 7 (45)

9 limit 8 to (english language and humans) (28)

10 from 9 keep 1-28 (28)

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Result <1>

Unique Identifier

3394539

Status

MEDLINE

Authors

Yatham LN. Benbow JC. Jeffers AM.

Authors Full Name

Yatham, L N. Benbow, J C. Jeffers, A M.

Institution

St. Ita's Hospital, Portrane, Dublin, Ireland.

Title

Mania following head injury.

Source

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 77(3):359-60, 1988 Mar.

Abstract

A case of mania following head injury in an individual with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia is reported. It is argued that the head injury is probably causative in his case and suggested that head injury should be considered as one of the aetiological factors in secondary mania.

Publication Type

Case Reports. Journal Article.

Result <2>

Unique Identifier

12622655

Status

MEDLINE

Authors

AbdelMalik P. Husted J. Chow EW. Bassett AS.

Authors Full Name

AbdelMalik, Philip. Husted, Janice. Chow, Eva W C. Bassett, Anne S.

Institution

Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M6J 1H4.

Title

Childhood head injury and expression of schizophrenia in multiply affected families.

Source

Archives of General Psychiatry. 60(3):231-6, 2003 Mar.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The etiology of schizophrenia is believed to include genetic and nongenetic factors, with the pathogenesis involving abnormal neurodevelopment. We investigated whether mild head injury during brain maturation plays a role in the expression of schizophrenia in multiply affected families. METHODS: We compared the history and severity of head injuries in childhood (age, < or =10 years) and through adolescence (age, < or =17 years) in 67 subjects with narrowly defined schizophrenia and 102 of their unaffected siblings from 23 multiply affected families. In subjects with schizophrenia, only head injuries preceding the onset of psychosis were considered. RESULTS: Subjects in the schizophrenia group (n = 16 [23.9%]) were more likely than the unaffected siblings group (n = 12 [11.8%]) to have a history of childhood head injury (P =.04; odds ratio, 2.35 [95% confidence interval, 1.03-5.36]). Subjects in the schizophrenia group with a history of childhood head injury had!

a significantly younger median age at onset of psychosis (20 years) compared with those with no such history (25 years; z = -2.98; P =.003). The severity of head injury ranged from minimal to mild, including concussions, but within this narrow range, severity was correlated with younger age at onset (r(s) = -0.66; P =.005). Head injury occurred a median of 12 years before the onset of psychosis. Results were similar if head injuries during adolescence were included, but did not achieve statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Mild childhood head injury may play a role in the expression of schizophrenia in families with a strong genetic predisposition. Prospective studies of mild head injury should consider genetic predisposition for possible long-term neurobehavioral sequelae.

Publication Type

Comparative Study. Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.

Result <3>

Unique Identifier

15496436

Status

MEDLINE

Authors

Chamelian L. Reis M. Feinstein A.

Authors Full Name

Chamelian, Laury. Reis, Marciano. Feinstein, Anthony.

Institution

University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Title

Six-month recovery from mild to moderate Traumatic Brain Injury: the role of APOE-epsilon4 allele.

Source

Brain. 127(Pt 12):2621-8, 2004 Dec.

Abstract

The possession of at least one APOE-epsilon4 allele may be linked to poor outcome in patients with predominantly severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). In mild TBI, which accounts for approximately 85% of all cases, the role of the APOE-epsilon4 allele is less clear. Studies completed to date have relied on brief cognitive assessments or coarse measures of global functioning, thereby limiting their conclusions. Our study investigated the influence of the APOE-epsilon4 allele in a prospective sample of 90 adults with mild to moderate TBI in whom neuropsychiatric outcome 6 months after injury was assessed as follows: (i) a detailed neuropsychological battery; (ii) an index of emotional distress (General Health Questionnaire); (iii) a diagnosis of major depression (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV); (iv) a measure of global functioning (Glasgow Outcome Scale); (v) an index of psychosocial outcome (Rivermead Head Injury Follow-up Questionnaire); and (vi) symptoms of pers!

istent post-concussion disorder (Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire). No association was found between the presence of the APOE-epsilon4 allele and poor outcome across all measures. Given the homogeneous nature of our sample (mild to moderate injury severity), the uniform follow-up period (6 months) and the comprehensive markers of recovery used, our data suggest that the APOE-epsilon4 allele does not adversely impact outcome in this group of TBI patients.

Publication Type

Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.

Result <4>

Unique Identifier

16857176

Status

MEDLINE

Authors

Hang CH. Chen G. Shi JX. Zhang X. Li JS.

Authors Full Name

Hang, Chun-Hua. Chen, Gang. Shi, Ji-Xin. Zhang, Xin. Li, Jing-Song.

Institution

Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China.

Title

Cortical expression of nuclear factor kappaB after human brain contusion.

Source

Brain Research. 1109(1):14-21, 2006 Sep 13.

Abstract

The aim of current study was to analyze the binding activity and the temporal and cellular expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) in human contused brain. Eighteen contused brain samples were obtained from 17 patients undergoing surgery for brain contusions 5-80 h after trauma. NF-kappaB binding activity was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), and temporal and cellular expression of NF-kappaB subunits p65 and p50 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that a progressive upregulation of NF-kappaB activity occurred in the area surrounding the injured brain with the time from brain trauma to operation. The maximal expression of NF-kappaB was detected after 48 h postinjury. The expression of NF-kappaB p65 was mainly located at glial and vascular endothelial cells without expression at neurons. The expression of NF-kappaB p50 was mainly located at glial cells, a little at neurons and no expression at vascular endothelial cells. W!

ithin 24 h postinjury, both NF-kappaB p65 and p50 immunoreactivity was mainly observed in the nucleus of cells. After 24 h postinjury, NF-kappaB p65 labeling was found in the both nucleus and cytoplasm of glial and endothelial cells; otherwise, p50 labeling was primarily found in the nucleus of glial cells and in the nucleus, cytoplasm and process of neurons. It is concluded that NF-kappaB could be highly upregulated at human contused brain and the cellular pattern of p65 and p50 expression might be closely associated with the cell functions.

Publication Type

Comparative Study. Journal Article.

Result <5>

Unique Identifier

11726470

Status

MEDLINE

Authors

McCrory P.

Authors Full Name

McCrory, P.

Title

When to retire after concussion?.

Source

British Journal of Sports Medicine. 35(6):380-2, 2001 Dec.

Other ID

Source: NLM. PMC1724417

Publication Type

Editorial.

Result <6>

Unique Identifier

11375868

Status

MEDLINE

Authors

Anonymous.

Title

Ethics, molecular biology, and sports medicine.

Source

British Journal of Sports Medicine. 35(3):142-3, 2001 Jun.

Other ID

Source: KIE. 129287

Source: NLM. PMC1724330

Source: NRCBL. VF 9.5.1

Publication Type

Editorial.

Result <7>

Unique Identifier

7735509

Status

MEDLINE

Authors

Viljoen DL.

Authors Full Name

Viljoen, D L.

Institution

Department of Human Genetics, University of Cape Town Medical School, Observatory, South Africa.

Title

Porencephaly and transverse limb defects following severe maternal trauma in early pregnancy.

Source

Clinical Dysmorphology. 4(1):75-8, 1995 Jan.

Abstract

A 13 year old boy with mental retardation, hemiatrophy and left hemiplegia, right hemifacial microsomia and transverse digital amputations is reported. He is moderately mentally retarded, experiences grand mal seizures and has evidence of a porencephalic cyst in the right frontotemporal region on CT scan. At 52 days post conception his mother was involved in a road traffic accident and suffered extensive bruising of the abdomen and concussion. It is suggested that the patient's congenital anomalies are a consequence of hypoxia and thrombo-embolic events sustained during early pregnancy.

Publication Type

Case Reports. Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.

Result <8>

Unique Identifier

18614883

Status

MEDLINE

Authors

Kristman VL. Tator CH. Kreiger N. Richards D. Mainwaring L. Jaglal S. Tomlinson G. Comper P.

Authors Full Name

Kristman, Vicki L. Tator, Charles H. Kreiger, Nancy. Richards, Doug. Mainwaring, Lynda. Jaglal, Susan. Tomlinson, George. Comper, Paul.

Institution

Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Title

Does the apolipoprotein epsilon 4 allele predispose varsity athletes to concussion? A prospective cohort study.

Source

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. 18(4):322-8, 2008 Jul.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between the apolipoprotein epsilon 4 allele and concussion. We hypothesized that apolipoprotein epsilon 4 carriers may be more likely to sustain a concussion. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: University of Toronto varsity athletics. PARTICIPANTS: Included 318 of 822 collegiate student athletes who participated in University of Toronto varsity sports from September 2002 to April 2006. ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS: The presence of apolipoprotein epsilon 4 was described dichotomously after genotyping blood samples collected from participants. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Concussions were identified by sport-medicine professionals present on the sidelines using on-field assessment forms. All concussion diagnoses were verified by a sports medicine physician. Survival analysis was used to determine the association between apolipoprotein epsilon 4 and first concussion. RESULTS: The unadjusted hazard ratio for concussion in the apolipo!

protein epsilon 4 carriers was 1.18 (95% CI: 0.52, 2.69) compared to noncarriers. Adjustment for sex, weight, height, and team type resulted in a hazard ratio of 1.06 (95% CI: 0.41, 2.72), indicating little effect from confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS: There is no important association between carrying the apolipoprotein epsilon 4 allele and sustaining a concussion. At this time, we do not recommend preseason genetic testing for varsity athletes as a mechanism for targeting prevention strategies.

Publication Type

Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.

Result <9>

Unique Identifier

18185033

Status

MEDLINE

Authors

Terrell TR. Bostick RM. Abramson R. Xie D. Barfield W. Cantu R. Stanek M. Ewing T.

Authors Full Name

Terrell, Thomas Roland. Bostick, Roberd M. Abramson, Ruth. Xie, Dawen. Barfield, William. Cantu, Robert. Stanek, Michele. Ewing, Trina.

Institution

Department of Family Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834, USA.

Title

APOE, APOE promoter, and Tau genotypes and risk for concussion in college athletes.

Source

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. 18(1):10-7, 2008 Jan.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To investigate associations of APOE, APOE promoter (G-219T), and tau protein exon 6 polymorphisms (47 and 53) and a history of self-reported concussion in college athletes. DESIGN: Multi-center cross-sectional study. SETTING: Male football and male and female soccer programs at the University of South Carolina, Jacksonville University, Benedict College, and the College of Charleston. PARTICIPANTS: Active 18- to 30-year-old (n = 195) intercollegiate male football players and male and female soccer players during 2001 and 2002. ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS: Written questionnaires and blood or mouthwash samples for DNA for genotyping by RFLP/PCR. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENT: Self-reported history of concussions over the previous 8 years. RESULTS: A statistically significant, nearly 3-fold increase in risk of a history of concussion for those with the APOE promoter G-219T TT genotype relative to the GG genotype (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.1 to 6.9) adjusted for age, sport, schoo!

l, and years in their primary sport, a finding that was stronger for Cantu grade 2 and 3 concussions. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that college athletes with an APOE promoter G-219T TT genotype may be at increased risk for having a history of concussions, especially more severe concussions. Although there was some support for the possibility that the tau 53 polymorphism may be associated with increased risk of prior concussion (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 0.3 to 14.5), there was no support for an association with APOE genotypes. The results of this cross-sectional study support the need for a prospective study of genetic factors, such as APOE promoter polymorphisms, and the incidence of and sequelae from concussions in college athletes.

Publication Type

Journal Article. Multicenter Study. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.

Result <10>

Unique Identifier

15166902

Status

MEDLINE

Authors

McCrory P.

Authors Full Name

McCrory, Paul.

Institution

Centre for Health, Exercise, and Sports Medicine and The Brain Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Title

Preparticipation assessment for head injury. [Review] [19 refs]

Source

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. 14(3):139-44, 2004 May.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the evidence base for recommendations regarding the pre-participation screening for head injury. DATA SOURCES: The relevant literature was searched through the use of Medline (1966 to 2004), Google and Sport Discus (1975 to 2004) searches, hand searches of journals and reference lists and discussions with experts and sporting organisations worldwide. DATA SYNTHESIS/METHODS: Consensus recommendations are summarized. No formal statistical analysis is presented RESULTS: Although pre-participation examinations are widely performed, there are no evidence-based guidelines to direct physicians as to the minimum requirements for the baseline assessment of head injury. CONCLUSIONS: Expert consensus would suggest that a baseline neuropsychological examination, preferably using a computerised test battery, should be performed in order to guide return to play following subsequent concussive injuries. In addition, there are important medicolegal considerations i!

n regard to the value of a documented assessment both at the start and end of an athlete's career with any team. [References: 19]

Publication Type

Journal Article. Review.

Result <11>

Unique Identifier

7924071

Status

MEDLINE

Authors

Poser CM.

Authors Full Name

Poser, C M.

Institution

Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215.

Title

The role of trauma in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: a review. [Review] [78 refs]

Source

Clinical Neurology & Neurosurgery. 96(2):103-10, 1994 May.

Abstract

The suggestion that an alteration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an obligatory step in the pathogenesis of the multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion has been amply confirmed by innumerable magnetic resonance scans. There also exists a large body of clinical, neuropathologic, neuropsychologic, radiologic and experimental evidence that shows that trauma, in particular mild concussive injury to the head, neck or upper back, thus impinging on the brain and spinal cord, may result in an increase in BBB permeability. It is only logical therefore to infer that when such mild trauma to those parts of the body affects MS patients, the resulting alteration of the BBB leads to the formation of new lesions or the enlargement and activation of old ones. In such situations trauma acts as a facilitator of the postulated but still not fully understood pathogenetic mechanism of lesion formation. Because of the extremely poor correlation between site and size of the lesions and clinical manif!

estations of MS, one cannot expect that every episode of trauma will result in the appearance of new symptoms in an hitherto asymptomatic individual, or the recurrence of old symptoms in an MS patient. It is inappropriate to attempt to prove or disprove a causal relationship between physical trauma and MS exacerbations or clinical onset by means of epidemiologic studies. The unpredictability and variability of the clinical manifestations of the disease, the differences in the genetic and immunologic backgrounds of individuals, as well as in their degree of clinical and pathologic involvement and level of activity, render such investigations pointless. [References: 78]

Publication Type

Journal Article. Review.

Result <12>

Unique Identifier

7924071

Status

MEDLINE

Authors

Poser CM.

Authors Full Name

Poser, C M.

Institution

Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215.

Title

The role of trauma in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: a review. [Review] [78 refs]

Source

Clinical Neurology & Neurosurgery. 96(2):103-10, 1994 May.

Abstract

Publication Type

Journal Article. Review.

Result <13>

Unique Identifier

12852687

Status

MEDLINE

Authors

Webbe FM. Barth JT.

Authors Full Name

Webbe, Frank M. Barth, Jeffrey T.

Institution

School of Psychology, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA.

Title

Short-term and long-term outcome of athletic closed head injuries. [Review] [82 refs]

Source

Clinics in Sports Medicine. 22(3):577-92, 2003 Jul.

Abstract

The continued development of the sport environment as a laboratory for clinical investigation of mild head injury has greatly advanced the use of neuropsychological assessment in evaluating brain-injured athletes, and tracking their symptoms and recovery in an objective manner. The use of neurocognitive baseline measures has become critical in determining whether a brain-injured athlete has recovered function sufficiently to return to play. The rapid growth of computerized and web-based neurocognitive assessment measures provides an efficient, valid technology to put such testing within the reach of most institutions and organizations that field sport teams. Moreover, the knowledge of the recovery curve following mild head injury in the sport environment can be generalized to the management of MTBI in general clinical environments where baseline measures are unlikely. What we know today is that sideline assessments of severity are not predictive of which athletes will show!