Psychology Review Part 1 Chapters 1-8

Psychology Semester Review

Use your notes to complete this review to be used on your Semester Exam. You may work in small groups as long as the volume is kept down!

Define the following

central tendency
normal curve
self-fulfilling prophecy
placebo effect
object permanence
imprinting
hallucinations
REM sleep
Classical Conditioning
Acquisition
Discrimination
generalization
extinction
behavior modification
Heuristics
recombination
homeostasis
test validity
test reliability
cultural bias
self-actualization
unconditional positive regard
eustress
distress
obsession
compulsion
psychoanalysis
resistance
cognitive dissonance
Know the following psychologist and their major contributions to psychology:
Wilhelm Wundt
Ivan Pavlov
John B. Watson
Sigmund Freud
Sir Francis Galton
B.F. Skinner
What is the major idea behind the six major schools of Psychology
Psychoanalytic
Behavioral
Humanistic
Cognitive
Biological
Sociocultural
What is the difference between basic science and applied science?
Who is Jean Piaget and what were his stages of cognitive development?
According to Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development if a young child is praised for their new abilities they will likely learn ______.
Is it likely that troubled teens will outgrow their difficulties and what does this mean for troubled teens?
What things will influence patterns of health and disease in old age?
What is the main job of both the nervous system and the endocrine system?
What is the main difference between the nervous system and the endocrine system?
What causes a grand mal seizure?
What are the basic parts of a neuron and what are the basic functions of each?
What are some common drugs that are classified as stimulants?
What are some common drugs that are classified as depressants?
According to Sigmund Freud what are the functions of dreams?
Know the function of each of the following parts of the human eye:
Cornea
Lens
Retina
pupil
From beginning to end describe the four steps of classical conditioning:
How does operant conditioning differ from classical conditioning?
What is learned helplessness and how does one acquire it?
According to George Miller short-term memory is limited to about ______items.
List the 3 things that can result in forgetting.
What are the three kinds of thinking?
What are the different theories of motivation?
Studies show that high achievers prefer to be associated with ______.
Show the stages of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
Charles Darwin argued that people from different cultures express certain basic feelings in the ______.
What are the differences between achievement test, aptitude tests and interest inventories?
According to Freud what are the three parts of the personality and their functions?

What are the eight defense mechanisms that we studied? Describe each.
What are contingencies of reinforcement and what type of psychology are they associated with?
What is the trait theory of personality?
How does your primary and secondary appraisal of a situation affect your stress level?
List and describe the 4 types of conflict situations:
What is the fight or flight response?
What is a dissociative disorder and what types of dissociative disorders exist?
What do brain images show happens to the brains of people who have schizophrenia?
What is the difference between physical dependence on a drug and tolerance to a drug?
What are the characteristics and techniques of client-centered therapy?
What type of therapy is aimed at changing unrealistic assumptions about oneself and other people?
What are the three characteristics of a good therapist?
What are the three sides of Robert Sternberg’s triangular theory of love?
Schachter’s experiment showed that high anxiety produced a need for human contact. Thank you!
What attitudes are most resistant to change? Internalized attitudes. Your Welcome!
Strategies such as the “foot-in-the-door” technique are aimed at influencing the audience. Good luck on the test!