Name ______Date ______Hour ______
Proteins Guided Reading (pg. 56 -57)
1. List the four main classes of organic compounds. (top of pg. 55)
2. What are the four elements that make up proteins?
3. Name the monomers that make up proteins.
4. Which body structures are made of proteins?
5. How many different amino acids are there?
6. What makes the amino acids different from each other?
7. Shape is very important to the function (job) of a protein. What do the different shapes allow proteins to do?
8. Draw the structure of a protein (Fig 3-8b).
9. What kind of bond joins two amino acids together?
10. Amino acids form very long chains called ______.
11. What kinds of conditions can affect protein shape?
12. Give an example of how proteins can be affected by temperature.
13. What are enzymes?
14. Enzyme reactions depend on a physical fit between the enzyme molecule and its specific ______, the reactant being catalyzed. Notice that the enzyme has folds, or an ______, with a shape that allows the substrate to fit into the active site.
15. Draw and label Fig 3-9 at the bottom of page 57 showing the induced fit model of enzyme action. Be sure to include all three steps in the induced fit model!
16. Why does an enzyme only act on specific substrates?
17. When the enzyme and substrate fit together, what happens to the enzymes shape? Why?
18. Enzymes may not work if their environments are changed. List two specific changes that can cause a change in the shape of the enzyme.
19. If a change in environment happens, what happens to that enzyme?
20. Application Question (NOT IN BOOK!): Enzymes are catalysts, which mean they help to speed up chemical reactions. Without enzymes, what would happen to the chemical reactions inside our bodies? Explain.