1. Platyhelminthes are more advanced than cnidaria because:
  2. Platyhelminthes have a coelom.
  3. They have radial symmetry, cnidarians are bilateral.
  4. They have a complete digestive system, cnidarians don't.
  5. Platyhelminthes are cephalized and have eye spots.
  6. Actually cnidarians are more complex.
  1. The following are all lophotrochozoans except:
  2. Rotifera
  3. Echinodermata
  4. Ectoprocta
  5. Nematoda
  6. More than one of the above
  1. In members of which of the following classes could you find an incomplete digestive system?
  2. Gastropoda
  3. Turbellaria
  4. Cnidaria
  5. More than one, but not all of the above
  6. All of the above
  1. Which of the following classes are composed primarily of parasites?
  2. Cestodia
  3. Hirudinea
  4. Trematoda
  5. A & C only
  6. All of the above
  1. What is a major characteristic of parasitic life cycles?
  2. A body with a scolex
  3. High reproductive out put
  4. Consuming a large amount of its host’s nutrients
  5. Causing the death of the host
  6. More than one of the above
  1. A new species of terrestrial animal is discovered with the following characteristics: exoskeleton; tracheal system for gas exchange; modified segmentation. A knowledgeable zoologist would predict that as an adult it probably also would have:
    a. wings
    b. a post anal tail
    c. a water vascular system
    d. a sessile life style
    e. a mantle cavity
  1. Which of the following phyla are characterized by a complete digestive system (mouth and anus)?

a. Porifera

b. Cnideria

c. Platyhelminthes

d. Rotifera

e. Choices c and d are both correct

9. What structure is characteristic of all mollusks?

1

a. tentacles
b. shell
c. multiple (more than two) eyes
d. gastrovascular cavity
e. mantle cavity

1

10. Nudibranchs (mollusk) are sometimes known to display cnidocytes on their surface for protection. These cnidocytes are obtained from their food. What might they have been eating?

a. starfishb. jellyfishc. leachesd. crustaceans e. flatworms

11. In which of the following phyla do the animals exhibit segmentation?

a. Nematoda

b. Arthropoda

c. Annelida

d. Platyhelmenthes

e. Choices b and c are both correct

12. Annelids are characterized by which of the following characteristics?
a. Blood vessels; b. Both mouth and anus; c. hermaphroditic;
d. answers b and c are correct; e. answers a, b, and c are all correct.

15. Bird embryology is most similar to the embryology of what other vertebrate class?

a. Agnathab. Amphibiac. Reptiliad. Mammalia e. Osteichthyes

16. In which group of vertebrates did the lung first evolve?

a. Cartilaginous fishes

b. Bony fishes

c. Amphibians

d. Reptiles

e. Mammals

17. Reptiles are fully adapted to life on land. Which of the following features is one of the adaptations which make life away from water easier for this group than for the amphibians?
a.less permeable skin
b. limbs with digits
c. teeth
d. sense of smell
e. endothermy

18. Why are the Echinoderms considered to be more closely related to the Chordates than to the Arthropods?
a. Because of the lack of segmentation
b. Because of their highly developed sensory systems
c. Because of similar body plans
d. Because of similarities in early development
e. Because most have limbs.

19. Which of the following animals exhibits five-fold symmetry as an adult but bilateral symmetry as an embryo?

1

a. sea urchin

b. roundworm

c. hydra

d. clam

e. turtle

1

20. What basic structure forms in the early embryos of most animals and resembles the sponge larval stage and some multicellular protists?

a. zygoteb. blastulac. gastrulad. protostome e. coelom

22. Which of the following is not a characteristic of all mammals?

a. live birth of the young

b. hair

c. metabolic regulation of body temperature (endothermy)

d. secretory glands in skin

e. nourishment of the young with milk.

23. What is the most likely reason that Australia had no placental mammals (except bats) prior to colonization by humans?

a. Marsupials were better adapted to the environment and caused the placental mammals to go extinct.

b. Long ago, Australia rose out of the sea and was only colonized by marsupials.

c. Australia separated from Africa and the other continents after the appearance of the marsupials but before the appearance of the placental mammals.

d. Marsupials evolved on the southern super continent (Gondwana) while placental mammals evolved on the northern super continent (Laurasia).

e. Australia is mostly desert and marsupials and monotremes are better adapted to desert conditions.

26. When characterizing the life cycles of organisms in the various eukaryotic kingdoms, which of the following statements would apply best to the animals?

a. the haploid portion of the life cycle has been minimized

b. the diploid portion of the life cycle has been minimized

c. the haploid and diploid portions of the life cycle are about equal

d. the life cycles of different animal species are so different that statements about the life cycles of all the animals are not possible.

e. only the animals include a dikaryotic phase of the life cycle.

27. The endoderm arises during which animal developmental stage?
a. Zygote; b. Cleavage; c. Blastula; d. Gastrula; e. Larva

28. Modern systematics indicates that the animal kingdom evolved from what other kingdom?

a. Monera; b. Protista; c. Fungi; d. Plantae;

e. The animal kingdom arrose as the result of a symbiosis between a member of the Protista and a member of the Fungi

29. Which of the following is descriptive of deuterostome development?

a. The fate of the cleavage stage cells is indeterminate, and the coelom forms from a solid mass of mesoderm.

b. The fate of the cleavage stage cells is determinant, and the coelom forms from the blastocoel.

c. Early cleavage is spiral and determinant, and the blastopore becomes the mouth.

d. Early cleavage is radial and indeterminate, and the blastopore becomes the anus.

e. Early cleavage is radial and determinant, and the coelom forms from outpockets of the archenteron (endoderm).

30. Which two phyla contain organisms which have eyes with a focusable lens?

1

a. Molusca and Arthropoda

b. Annelida and Chordata

c. Cnideria and Arthropoda

d. Echinodermata and Chordata

e. Molusca and Chordata

1

31. Imagine that you are a biologist who has discovered a previously unknown creature living on the bottom of the sea. Fertilized eggs from this organism readily develop into embryos in the laboratory. The early embryos have a notochord, and older embryos have a vertebral column and dorsal nerve cord and a muscular postanal tail. From the information given, how would you classify the organism?

a. Animal Kingdom

b. Chordate

c. Vertebrate

d. Choices a and b are both correct, but c may not be correct.

e. Choices a, b, and c are all correct.

3. Which of the following phylogenetic groups within the animal kingdom encompasses all the others in the list?

A. rotiferaB. deuterostomesC. bilateria

D. arthropodaE. protostomes

4. Bilateral symmetry in the animal kingdom is best correlated with:

A. an ability to sense equally in all directions

B. an ability to capture food from a sessile position

C. symbiotic relationships

D. ventral and dorsal differentiation

E. motility and active predation and escape

5. Different lineages of the Class Reptilia are believed to have given rise to which of the following animal groups?

A. BirdsB. AmphibiansC. Bony fishes

D. MammalsE. Both (A) and (D)

6. Medusa and polyp body plans are typical of which group:

A. ParazoaB. CnidariaC. Echinoderms

D. PlatyhelminthesE. Porifera

7. Which of the following is radially symmetrical?

A. a donutB. an automobileC. a spoon

D. a dogE. a submarine sandwich (a.k.a. hoagie, sub, grinder, etc.)

8. Unlike other animals, sponges:

A. are unicellular.B. possess cell walls.C. lack true tissues.

D. exhibit bilateral symmetry.E. are prokaryotic.

9. Octopi are most closely related to which of the following organisms?

A. clamsB. jellyfishC. starfish

D. earthwormsE. crabs

10. There are three major groups of mammals, categorized on the basis of their

A. size.B. habitat.C. method of locomotion.

D. the presence or absence of hair.E. method of reproduction.

11. The innovation that freed vertebrates from being tied to water for reproduction and allowed them to radiate into diverse terrestrial environments was the development of

A. ecdysis.B. the placenta.C. lateral line system.

D. bony appendages.E. amniotic egg.

12. Which of the following classifications would not apply to both dogs and humans?

A. Sub-phylum VertebrataB. Kingdom AnimaliaC. Phylum Chordata

D. Order PrimatesE. Class Mammalia

13. A child brought home a strange animal it found outside under a rock. It had moist skin, a complete digestive tract, a ventral nerve cord, and had gone through torsion. It must be:

A. a lancelet.B. a crustacean.C. a mollusk.

D. a roundworm.E. an annelid.

14. You are eumetazoan, bilateral, and a protostome. What other clade must you belong to in order to be a rotifera?

A. radiataB. cnidaria

C. molluscaD. lophotrochozoa

E. ecdysozoa

15. Tetrapods include:

A.humansB. snakes

C. birdsD. salamanders

E. all of the above

18. Based on our current understanding of the evolutionary relationships among organisms, humans are most closely related to:

A. ray-finned fishB. amphibiansC. osteichthyes

D. reptilesE. echinodermata

19. Insects are typically characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Three pairs of legsB. chelicerataC. wings

D. A head, thorax, and abdomenE. Bilateral symmetry

20. Unlike placental mammals, both monotremes and marsupials:

A. are found in Australia and AfricaB. lack nipples

C. include only insectivores and herbivoresD. lay eggs

E. have some embryonic development outside the mother's uterus

22. The Chelicerata:

A. have malpighian tubulesB. have three body regions: head, thorax, abdomen

C. have anterior appendages modified as pincers or fangs

D. undergo complete metamorphosis during their life cycles

E. have all of the above (A-D) features

23. The greatest number of described species is found in which of the following groups of organisms?

A. Kingdom PlantaeB. Subphylum Vertebrata C. Kingdom Fungi

D. Class InsectaE. Kingdom Animalia

8.) In Protostome development:

a.) the mouth develops from the blastoporeb.) the mouth develops second

c.) the anus develops firstd.) the mouth and the anus are the same opening

9.) The Mesoderm gives rise to

a.) the outer covering and the central nervous systemb.) the digesntive tube lining

c.) the lungs and the liverd.) the muscles and most organs

10.) Ecdysozoans are characterized by

a.) having wingsb.) a process of shedding their exoskeleton

c.) a unique feeding structured.) a trochophore larval stage

11.) Phylum Porifera contains organisms that:

a.) lack true tissuesb.) live on land

c.) are motile most of their livesd.) None of the above

12.) Animals in Phylum Cnidarian:

a.) can have two body formsb.) contain cnidocytes to help capture prey

c.) include jelly fish, corals and hydrasd.) all of the above.

14.) All mollusks:

a.) have three main body partsb.) are soft bodied

c.) contain a mantled.) all of the above

15.) Nematodes have a tough outer coat called a:

a.) saprobeb.) cuticle

c.) proglotidsd.) exockeleton

16.) Echinoderms contain

a.) a water vascular systemb.) a true head

c.) cnidocytesd.) chitin

17.) Which is not a characteristic of all chordates?

a.) dorsal, hallow nerve cordb.) notochord

c.) paired appendagesd.) muscular post-anal tail

18.) The unique cells to craniates are called:

a.) epithelial cellsb.) neural crest cells

c.) radial crest cellsd.) none of the above

19.) Lobe-finned fish

a.) contain a swim bladderb.) are from order anura

c.) are amniotesd.) none of the above

20.) Derived human characteristics include

a.) upright postureb.) bipedal stance

c.) larger brainsd.) all of the above

3. Sharks and rays ______.

a. have skeletons made of cartilage

b. are gnathostomes

c. have true jaws

d. all of the above

4. A water vascular system can be found in ______.

a. millipede

b. grass hopper

c. crab

d. starfish

e. Roundworm

6. What gave vertebrates an advantage to colonizing land?

a. being warm-blooded

b. the amniotic egg

c. development of gills

d. indeterminant cleavage

7. ______, ______, and ______all lack true heads.

a. tunicates, lancelets, craniates

b. tunicates, lancelets, rotifers

c. craniates, tunicates, rotifers

d. rotifers, craniates, lancelets

8. Protosomes undergo ______and ______cleavage.

a. radial and indeterminant

b. radial and determinant

c. spiral and indeterminant

d. spiral and determinant

10. Chitin can be found in ______.

a. cell walls of fungi

b. exoskeleton of arthropods

c. cell walls of nematodes

d. both a and b

11. Humans are ______animals.

a. exothermic

b. endothermic

c. isothermic

d. mesothermic

12. Reptiles, birds, amphibians, and humans are all amniotes.

a. true

b. false

13. A tracheal system is a system used for ______.

a. respiration

b. excretion

c. digestion

d. none of the above

14. The Cambrian explosion occurred during the ______Era.

a. Cenozoic

b. Mesozoic

c. Paleozoic

d. Neoproterozoic

15. The body regions of an insect are ______.

a. head, body, wings

b. head, abdomen

c. thorax, abdomen, wings

d. head, thorax, abdomen

2. The difference between millipedes and centipedes is that ______.

a. millipedes live one million years and centipedes only live one hundred years

b. millipedes have one million legs and centipedes only have one hundred legs

c. millipedes have two pairs of legs per segment and centipedes have only one pair

d. millipedes have one pair of legs per segment and centipedes have two

3. Viviparous development occurs with ______.

a. all mammals

b. reptiles

c. amphibians

d. eutherians

4. Humans evolved from apes.

a. true

b. false

6. Ecdysis is the process of _____.

a. growing back a lost limb

b. the molting of an exoskeleton

c. changing from one stage to another in metamorphosis

d. an insect slowly dehydrating itself in preparation for winter

9. An example of a filter feeder would be a(n) ______.

a. amphibians

b. snail

c. earthworm

d. sponge

10. Humans are ______.

a. Mammals

b. Eutherians

c. Homo sapiens

d. Hominoids

e. all of the above

11. Having moist skin and lungs allowed ______to live on land.

a. amphibians

b. reptiles

c. slugs

d. plankton

13. Birds are _____.

a. always able to fly

b. descended from reptiles

c. sometimes flightless

d. both b and c

e. both a and b

24. Which of the following is false regarding mitosis and meiosis?

a. Mitosis produces daughter cells with the same ploidy level whereas meiosis produces daughter cells with half the ploidy level.

b. Mitosis provides heritability but not variability whereas meiosis provides both heritability and variability.

c. Mitosis is present in all somatic cells and germ cells whereas meiosis is present only in germ cells.

d. none of the above

e. all of the above

25. A cell has 250 chromosomes. After the cell undergoes meiosis, how many daughter cells are formed and how many chromosomes does each cell have?

A. 2, 250B. 4, 125C. 4, 250D. 2, 125E. 2, 500

26. Which of the following is not a phase of mitotic phase of cell cycle?

A. ProphaseB. InterphaseC. PrometaphaseD. Telophase E. Anaphase

27. The chromosome is attached to the spindle fiber at the following structure

A. centrosomeB. centromereC. Kinetochore D. microtubule

28. Which of the following is not one of the check points in cell cycle?

A. G1 checkpointB. S checkpointC. M checkpointD. G2 checkpoint

29. Which of the following doesn’t occur during mitosis?

A. condensation of the chromosomes

B. replication of DNA

C. spindle formation

D. separation of the spindle poles

30. One difference between cancer cells and normal cells is that cancer cells

A. are unable to synthesize DNA

B. are arrested at the S phase of the cell cycle

C. continue to divide even when they are tightly packed together

D. are always in the M phase of the cell cycle

31. A particular cell has half as much DNA as some other cells in a mitotically active tissue. The cell in question is most likely in

A. G1B. G2C. metaphaseD. Anaphase E. prophase

40. Trichinosis is a disease caused by a/an

A. RotiferaB. PlatyhelminthesC. NematodaD. Fungus

E. Annelida

32. Among the characteristics unique to animals is

  1. gastrulation.
  2. multicellularity.
  3. sexual reproduction.
  4. flagellated sperm.
  5. heterotrophic nutrition.

33. Acoelomates are characterized by

  1. the absence of a brain.
  2. the absence of mesoderm.
  3. deuterostome development.
  4. a coelom that is not completely lined with mesoderm.
  5. a solid body without a cavity surrounding internal organs.

34. Ectoderm can give rise to _____; mesoderm can give rise to _____; endoderm can give rise to _____.

  1. muscle ... the outer covering of the animal ... the central nervous system
  2. the lining of the digestive tract ... muscle ... the outer covering of the animal
  3. the central nervous system ... the outer covering of the animal ... the lining of the digestive tube
  4. muscle ... the outer covering of the animal ... the lining of the digestive tube
  5. the central nervous system ... muscle ... the lining of the digestive tube

35. A pseudocoelomate animal is one in which the body cavity is _____.

  1. bounded completely by mesoderm
  2. filled by a solid mass of mesoderm
  3. bounded completely by endoderm
  4. bounded partly by ectoderm
  5. bounded partly by mesoderm

36. Which of the following are related only to Prophase I in meiosis?

i. synapsisii. crossing overiii. kinetochore

iv. chiasmatav. Tetrad

  1. i, ii and iii
  2. i, ii and iv
  3. i, ii and iv
  4. i, ii, iii and iv
  5. i, ii, iii and v
  6. All of the above

37. Which of the following is true about Anaphase I of meiosis?

a. The sister chromatids separate

b. The nuclear envelope forms back

c. The homologous chromosomes separate

d. The spindle fibers contracts

e. more than one of the above

f. none of the above

  1. Which of the following statements about the relationship between DNA molecules and chromatids is correct?
    a. Each chromatid contains a single linear DNA molecule.
    b. Each chromatid contains a large number of circular DNA molecules.
    c. The number of DNA molecules per chromatid varies between one and two depending on the time in the cell cycle.
    d. The number of DNA molecules per chromatid is described by the term ploidy. Thus, diploid cells contain two, tetraploid four, etc.
    e. Each gene is a DNA molecule, and chromosomes contain many genes, therefore each chromatid contains a large number of linear DNA molecules.
  1. Which of the following terms refers to structures with similar, but not identical, DNA molecules?
    a. diploids
    b. homologous chromosomes
    c. sister chromatids
    d. homologs
    e. choices b and d are both correct
  1. How many chromosomes and how many chromatids are present in a haploid cell during metaphase if a diploid cell from the organism has 48 chromosomes during G1?
    a) 24 and 24;
    b) 24 and 48;
    c) 48 and 48;
    d) 48 and 96;
    e) 96 and 96.
  1. Which of the following statements about meiosis is correct?
    a. One purpose of meiosis is to assure that sexual reproduction does not double the amount of DNA per cell each generation.
    b. One purpose of meiosis is to assure that daughter cells are essentially identical.
    c. One purpose of meiosis is to provide a large amount of variation within a population.
    d. Choices a and c are both correct.
    e. Choices a, b, and c are all correct.
  1. What is a major difference between Prophase of Meiosis I and Prophase of Meiosis II?
    a. DNA synthesis occurs in Prophase I, but not in Prophase II.
    b. Recombination occurs in Prophase I, but not in Prophase II.
    c. The spindle forms in Prophase II, but not Prophase I.
    d. Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell in Prophase I. Chromosomes do not line up in Prophase II.
    e. Choices b and c are both correct.
  2. A diploid brain cell from a female mouse has 22 chromosomes in Metaphase. How many chromosomes and how many chromatids are present in prophase of meiosis II in this mouse?

a. 11 chromosomes and 11 chromatids