SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL
Page 1 PubMed search strategy
Page 2 EMBASE search strategy
Page 4-9 eTable 1 Data extraction protocol for included variables
Page 10 eTable 2 The 20 journals with the most articles
Page 11 Complete reference list of the included articles
Page 43 PRISMA Checklist
PubMed search strategy
(heart arrest*[tw] OR cardiac arrest*[tw] OR return of spontaneous circulation[tw] OR ROSC[tw] OR cardiovascular arrest*[tw] OR asystole[tw] OR pulseless electrical activity[tw] OR ventricular fibrillation[tw] OR pulseless ventricular tachycardia[tw] OR cardiopulmonary arrest*[tw] OR advanced cardiac life support[tw] OR ACLS[tw] OR cardiopulmonary resuscitation[tw] OR CPR[tw] OR heart massage[tw] OR cardiac massage[tw] OR chest compression*[tw])
AND
(animals[tw] OR non human primate*[tw] OR animal[tw] OR mice[tw] OR mus[tw] OR mouse[tw] OR murine[tw] OR woodmouse[tw] OR rats[tw] OR rat[tw] OR murinae[tw] OR muridae[tw] OR cottonrat[tw] OR cottonrats[tw] OR hamster[tw] OR hamsters[tw] OR cricetinae[tw] OR rodentia[tw] OR rodent[tw] OR rodents[tw] OR pigs[tw] OR pig[tw] OR swine[tw] OR swines[tw] OR piglets[tw] OR piglet[tw] OR boar[tw] OR boars[tw] OR "sus scrofa"[tw] OR ferrets[tw] OR ferret[tw] OR polecat[tw] OR polecats[tw] OR "mustela putorius"[tw] OR "guinea pigs"[tw] OR "guinea pig"[tw] OR cavia[tw] OR callithrix[tw] OR marmoset[tw] OR marmosets[tw] OR cebuella[tw] OR hapale[tw] OR octodon[tw] OR chinchilla[tw] OR chinchillas[tw] OR gerbillinae[tw] OR gerbil[tw] OR gerbils[tw] OR jird[tw] OR jirds[tw] OR merione[tw] OR meriones[tw] OR rabbits[tw] OR rabbit[tw] OR hares[tw] OR hare[tw] OR cats[tw] OR cat[tw] OR carus[tw] OR felis[tw] OR dogs[tw] OR dog[tw] OR canine[tw] OR canines[tw] OR canis[tw] OR sheep[tw] OR sheeps[tw] OR mouflon[tw] OR mouflons[tw] OR ovis[tw] OR goats[tw] OR goat[tw] OR capra[tw] OR capras[tw] OR rupicapra[tw] OR chamois[tw] OR haplorhini[tw] OR monkey[tw] OR monkeys[tw] OR anthropoidea[tw] OR anthropoids[tw] OR saguinus[tw] OR tamarin[tw] OR tamarins[tw] OR leontopithecus[tw] OR hominidae[tw] OR ape[tw] OR apes[tw] OR pan[tw] OR paniscus[tw] OR "pan paniscus"[tw] OR bonobo[tw] OR bonobos[tw] OR troglodytes[tw] OR "pan troglodytes"[tw] OR gibbon[tw] OR gibbons[tw] OR siamang[tw] OR siamangs[tw] OR nomascus[tw] OR symphalangus[tw] OR chimpanzee[tw] OR chimpanzees[tw] OR prosimians[tw] OR "bush baby"[tw] OR prosimian[tw] OR bush babies[tw] OR galagos[tw] OR galago[tw] OR pongidae[tw] OR gorilla[tw] OR gorillas[tw] OR pongo[tw] OR pygmaeus[tw] OR "pongo pygmaeus"[tw] OR orangutans[tw] OR pygmaeus[tw] OR lemur[tw] OR lemurs[tw] OR lemuridae[tw] OR horse[tw] OR horses[tw] OR pongo[tw] OR equus[tw] OR cow[tw] OR calf[tw] OR bull[tw] OR sciuridae[tw] OR squirrel[tw] OR squirrels[tw] OR chipmunk[tw] OR chipmunks[tw] OR suslik[tw] OR susliks[tw] OR vole[tw] OR voles[tw] OR lemming[tw] OR lemmings[tw] OR muskrat[tw] OR muskrats[tw] OR lemmus[tw] OR otter[tw] OR otters[tw] OR marten[tw] OR martens[tw] OR martes[tw] OR weasel[tw] OR badger[tw] OR badgers[tw] OR ermine[tw] OR mink[tw] OR minks[tw] OR sable[tw] OR sables[tw] OR gulo[tw] OR gulos[tw] OR wolverine[tw] OR wolverines[tw] OR minks[tw] OR mustela[tw] OR llama[tw] OR llamas[tw] OR alpaca[tw] OR alpacas[tw] OR camelid[tw] OR camelids[tw] OR guanaco[tw] OR guanacos[tw] OR chiroptera[tw] OR chiropteras[tw] OR bat[tw] OR bats[tw] OR fox[tw] OR foxes[tw] OR donkey[tw] OR donkeys[tw] OR mule[tw] OR mules[tw] OR zebra[tw] OR zebras[tw] OR shrew[tw] OR shrews[tw] OR bison[tw] OR bisons[tw] OR buffalo[tw] OR buffaloes[tw] OR deer[tw] OR deers[tw] OR bear[tw] OR bears[tw] OR panda[tw] OR pandas[tw] OR "wild hog"[tw] OR "wild boar"[tw] OR fitchew[tw] OR fitch[tw] OR beaver[tw] OR beavers[tw] OR jerboa[tw] OR jerboas[tw] OR capybara[tw] OR capybaras[tw])
NOT ("letter"[publication type] OR "comment"[publication type] OR "editorial"[publication type] OR review[publication type]) AND English[lang] AND ("2011/03/08"[PDAT]: "2016/03/08"[PDAT])
EMBASE search strategy
(‘heart arrest’:ab,ti OR ‘cardiac arrest’:ab,ti OR ‘return of spontaneous circulation’:ab,ti OR ‘ROSC’:ab,ti OR ‘cardiovascular arrest’:ab,ti OR ‘asystole’:ab,ti OR ‘pulseless electrical activity’:ab,ti OR ‘ventricular fibrillation’:ab,ti OR ‘pulseless ventricular tachycardia’:ab,ti OR ‘cardiopulmonary arrest’:ab,ti OR ‘advanced cardiac life support’:ab,ti OR ‘ACLS’:ab,ti OR ‘cardiopulmonary resuscitation’:ab,ti OR ‘CPR’:ab,ti OR ‘heart massage’:ab,ti OR ‘cardiac massage’:ab,ti OR ‘chest compression’:ab,ti)
AND
(‘animals’:ab,ti OR ‘non human primate’:ab,ti OR ‘animal’:ab,ti OR ‘mice’:ab,ti OR ‘mus’:ab,ti OR ‘mouse’:ab,ti OR ‘murine’:ab,ti OR ‘woodmouse’:ab,ti OR ‘rats’:ab,ti OR ‘rat’:ab,ti OR ‘murinae’:ab,ti OR ‘muridae’:ab,ti OR ‘cottonrat’:ab,ti OR ‘cottonrats’:ab,ti OR ‘hamster’:ab,ti OR ‘hamsters’:ab,ti OR ‘cricetinae’:ab,ti OR ‘rodentia’:ab,ti OR ‘rodent’:ab,ti OR ‘rodents’:ab,ti OR ‘pigs’:ab,ti OR ‘pig’:ab,ti OR ‘swine’:ab,ti OR ‘swines’:ab,ti OR ‘piglets’:ab,ti OR ‘piglet’:ab,ti OR ‘boar’:ab,ti OR ‘boars’:ab,ti OR ‘sus scrofa’:ab,ti OR ‘ferrets’:ab,ti OR ‘ferret’:ab,ti OR ‘polecat’:ab,ti OR ‘polecats’:ab,ti OR ‘mustela putorius’:ab,ti OR ‘guinea pigs’:ab,ti OR ‘guinea pig’:ab,ti OR ‘cavia’:ab,ti OR ‘callithrix’:ab,ti OR ‘marmoset’:ab,ti OR ‘marmosets’:ab,ti OR ‘cebuella’:ab,ti OR ‘hapale’:ab,ti OR ‘octodon’:ab,ti OR ‘chinchilla’:ab,ti OR ‘chinchillas’:ab,ti OR ‘gerbillinae’:ab,ti OR ‘gerbil’:ab,ti OR ‘gerbils’:ab,ti OR ‘jird’:ab,ti OR ‘jirds’:ab,ti OR ‘merione’:ab,ti OR ‘meriones’:ab,ti OR ‘rabbits’:ab,ti OR ‘rabbit’:ab,ti OR ‘hares’:ab,ti OR ‘hare’:ab,ti OR ‘cats’:ab,ti OR ‘cat’:ab,ti OR ‘carus’:ab,ti OR ‘felis’:ab,ti OR ‘dogs’:ab,ti OR ‘dog’:ab,ti OR ‘canine’:ab,ti OR ‘canines’:ab,ti OR ‘canis’:ab,ti OR ‘sheep’:ab,ti OR ‘sheeps’:ab,ti OR ‘mouflon’:ab,ti OR ‘mouflons’:ab,ti OR ‘ovis’:ab,ti OR ‘goats’:ab,ti OR ‘goat’:ab,ti OR ‘capra’:ab,ti OR ‘capras’:ab,ti OR ‘rupicapra’:ab,ti OR ‘chamois’:ab,ti OR ‘haplorhini’:ab,ti OR ‘monkey’:ab,ti OR ‘monkeys’:ab,ti OR ‘anthropoidea’:ab,ti OR ‘anthropoids’:ab,ti OR ‘saguinus’:ab,ti OR ‘tamarin’:ab,ti OR ‘tamarins’:ab,ti OR ‘leontopithecus’:ab,ti OR ‘hominidae’:ab,ti OR ‘ape’:ab,ti OR ‘apes’:ab,ti OR ‘pan’:ab,ti OR ‘paniscus’:ab,ti OR ‘pan paniscus’:ab,ti OR ‘bonobo’:ab,ti OR ‘bonobos’:ab,ti OR ‘troglodytes’:ab,ti OR ‘pan troglodytes’:ab,ti OR ‘gibbon’:ab,ti OR ‘gibbons’:ab,ti OR ‘siamang’:ab,ti OR ‘siamangs’:ab,ti OR ‘nomascus’:ab,ti OR ‘symphalangus’:ab,ti OR ‘chimpanzee’:ab,ti OR ‘chimpanzees’:ab,ti OR ‘prosimians’:ab,ti OR ‘bush baby’:ab,ti OR ‘prosimian’:ab,ti OR ‘bush babies’:ab,ti OR ‘galagos’:ab,ti OR ‘galago’:ab,ti OR ‘pongidae’:ab,ti OR ‘gorilla’:ab,ti OR ‘gorillas’:ab,ti OR ‘pongo’:ab,ti OR ‘pygmaeus’:ab,ti OR ‘pongo pygmaeus’:ab,ti OR ‘orangutans’:ab,ti OR ‘pygmaeus’:ab,ti OR ‘lemur’:ab,ti OR ‘lemurs’:ab,ti OR ‘lemuridae’:ab,ti OR ‘horse’:ab,ti OR ‘horses’:ab,ti OR ‘pongo’:ab,ti OR ‘equus’:ab,ti OR ‘cow’:ab,ti OR ‘calf’:ab,ti OR ‘bull’:ab,ti OR ‘sciuridae’:ab,ti OR ‘squirrel’:ab,ti OR ‘squirrels’:ab,ti OR ‘chipmunk’:ab,ti OR ‘chipmunks’:ab,ti OR ‘suslik’:ab,ti OR ‘susliks’:ab,ti OR ‘vole’:ab,ti OR ‘voles’:ab,ti OR ‘lemming’:ab,ti OR ‘lemmings’:ab,ti OR ‘muskrat’:ab,ti OR ‘muskrats’:ab,ti OR ‘lemmus’:ab,ti OR ‘otter’:ab,ti OR ‘otters’:ab,ti OR ‘marten’:ab,ti OR ‘martens’:ab,ti OR ‘martes’:ab,ti OR ‘weasel’:ab,ti OR ‘badger’:ab,ti OR ‘badgers’:ab,ti OR ‘ermine’:ab,ti OR ‘mink’:ab,ti OR ‘minks’:ab,ti OR ‘sable’:ab,ti OR ‘sables’:ab,ti OR ‘gulo’:ab,ti OR ‘gulos’:ab,ti OR ‘wolverine’:ab,ti OR ‘wolverines’:ab,ti OR ‘minks’:ab,ti OR ‘mustela’:ab,ti OR ‘llama’:ab,ti OR ‘llamas’:ab,ti OR ‘alpaca’:ab,ti OR ‘alpacas’:ab,ti OR ‘camelid’:ab,ti OR ‘camelids’:ab,ti OR ‘guanaco’:ab,ti OR ‘guanacos’:ab,ti OR ‘chiroptera’:ab,ti OR ‘chiropteras’:ab,ti OR ‘bat’:ab,ti OR ‘bats’:ab,ti OR ‘fox’:ab,ti OR ‘foxes’:ab,ti OR ‘donkey’:ab,ti OR ‘donkeys’:ab,ti OR ‘mule’:ab,ti OR ‘mules’:ab,ti OR ‘zebra’:ab,ti OR ‘zebras’:ab,ti OR ‘shrew’:ab,ti OR ‘shrews’:ab,ti OR ‘bison’:ab,ti OR ‘bisons’:ab,ti OR ‘buffalo’:ab,ti OR ‘buffaloes’:ab,ti OR ‘deer’:ab,ti OR ‘deers’:ab,ti OR ‘bear’:ab,ti OR ‘bears’:ab,ti OR ‘panda’:ab,ti OR ‘pandas’:ab,ti OR ‘wild hog’:ab,ti OR ‘wild boar’:ab,ti OR ‘fitchew’:ab,ti OR ‘fitch’:ab,ti OR ‘beaver’:ab,ti OR ‘beavers’:ab,ti OR ‘jerboa’:ab,ti OR ‘jerboas’:ab,ti OR ‘capybara’:ab,ti OR ‘capybaras’:ab,ti)
NOT ('conference abstract'/it OR 'conference paper'/it OR 'conference review'/it OR 'review'/it OR 'editorial'/it OR 'letter'/it OR 'note'/it) AND [embase]/lim NOT [medline]/lim AND [English]/lim AND [8-3-2011]/sd
Data extraction protocol for included variables
eTable 1. Definition of variablesVariable / Categories / Definition of the variable
Animal characteristics
Number of animals / Continuous variable / The number of animals included in the control group
Do not include sham animals as the control group. If multiple control groups, then pick the smallest. If animals are sacrificed at multiple time points then one time point is one group.
Species / Mouse
Rat
Rabbit
Pig
Canine (dog)
Guinea pig
Sheep
Other
More than one / Animal species used in the experiment
Sex / Male
Female
Both / Sex of the animals used in the experiment either female, male or both. If the study compares male sex vs. female sex or uses both you pick “Both”
Weight / Weight in grams
(continuous variable) / The weight should be reported in grams. If weight is reported by group instead for all animal groups, the average weight should be reported.
Pediatric or adult model / Pediatric
Adult
Aged
Two or more / In some studies the focus are on the pediatric population and cardiac arrest is performed in for example very young rats often 16-18 days after birth. If the authors clearly state that the model is a model of pediatric, neonatal, or “post-natal” cardiac arrest then pick “pediatric”. If the authors explicitly write old animals you chose “Aged”. If none of these are stated, then pick “adult”. If the study is comparing for example pediatric to adult cardiac arrest or both are include then pick “two or more”.
Co-morbidity/modified / Normal animals
Co-morbid animal
Genetically modified animals / Most commonly young and healthy animals are used for cardiac arrest studies. However, a few studies use animal models with comorbidities e.g. diabetes, hypertension, etc. Other studies use genetically modified animals (e.g. “knock out” mice).
In the case that an animal is genetically modified to induce a co-morbid animal model you pick the category co-morbid animal.
If nothing explicitly is stated, pick “normal animals”.
Pre-cardiac arrestcharacteristics
Fasted before experiments / No
Yes
Not reported / In some experiments the animals are fasted overnight before the experiment – by fasted is meant food not water.
Type of anesthesia / Inhalation
Intravenous
Intramuscular/subcutaneously
Intraperitoneal
Combination / The type of anesthesia used, often gas/inhalation agents like isoflurane, sevoflurane, halothane or IV agents like propofol, thiopental, ketamine or midazolam. In small animals anesthesia can also be given as intramuscular or subcutaneous injection.
Anesthesia of animals is divided into two phases. The induction phase is the first phase where the animal is awake and anaesthesiais given in order to be able to put in an IV access or intubate the animal. Following the induction phase is the maintenance phase anaesthesia where anesthesia is maintained at a steady level in order to perform instrumentation and perform the experiment.
We are talking about the anesthesia given during the experiment (maintenance phase) and not the anesthesia used to sedate the animals from the beginning (induction period)
Monitoring / None of the below/not reported
Invasive arterial blood pressure
Arterial blood gases
Invasive arterial blood pressure + arterial blood gases / Blood pressure can be monitored non-invasively or by insertion of an arterial line into an artery.
Arterial blood samples can be drawn from the arterial line and analyzed for e.g. pH, lactate, Pao2, PaCo2.
Anesthesia turned off before cardiac arrest / No
Yes
Not reported / In many cardiac arrest models, the anesthesia is turned off before cardiac arrest is induced. Some places this is called a wash-out period.
Baseline period / No
Yes
Not reported / A period following surgery/instrumentation where animals are allowed to rest before the actual experiment is started
Oxygen during ventilation / Continuous variable / The fraction of inspired oxygen Fio2 prior to arrest. e.g. 21%
Cardiac arrestcharacteristics
Method of cardiac arrest induction / Pacing/shock
Myocardial infarction
Asphyxia
Potassium
Hypothermia
Hemorrhage/exsanguination
Pulmonary embolism
Trauma
Toxicology
Combination
Other / Method of cardiac arrest refers to the methods by which cardiac arrest is induced. The most common methods are pacing induced ventricular fibrillation, asphyxia, potassium infusion or myocardial infarction. Asphyxia = hypoxia, often the animal is given a neuromuscular blocker and the ventilator is disconnected; hemorrhage, the animal is bleed until cardiac arrest; pulmonary embolism, injection of emboli into the lungs
Examples:
Pacing/shock: “VF was induced by applying 60-cycle alternating current to the endocardium through the pacing electrode”
Myocardial infarction: “The left anterior descending coronary artery was cannulated under fluoroscopic guidance. After coil placement, precordial chest leads were monitored until 1 mm ST elevation was noted”
Asphyxia: “Asphyxial cardiac arrest was induced by switching off the ventilator for x minutes”
Potassium: “Cardiac arrest was then induced by an intravenous bolus of 0.08 mg/g KCl”
Clear criteria for definition of cardiac arrest / No
Yes / Has the author clearly defined criteria for when cardiac arrest is declared. For instance with ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest can be defined by loss of arterial blood pressure and ventricular fibrillation on the ECG. In the case of asphyxia cardiac arrest is often defined by hemodynamic parameters for instance mean arterial pressure < 20 mmHg or a pulse pressure < 5 mmHg. You are just to report whether authors write a definition or not.
No-flow time / Minutes (continuous variable) / No-flow is the cardiac arrest period from the beginning of cardiac arrest (as defined in the study) to the start of chest compressions (or other support of circulation). If only asphyxia time (see below) (and not no-flow time) is reported then write 999 for no-flow time.
Asphyxia time / Minutes (continuous variable) / Time from asphyxia (as defined in the study) to the start of chest compressions (or other support of circulation). Only for asphyxia models. If not a asphyxia model, add 999.
Chest compressions / Interrupted
Continuous
No / Chest compression can be delivered either in a continuously fashion or interrupted by ventilations for instance 15:2, 30:2 etc. If no chest compressions are given (i.e. ECMO is used), then pick “No”. Interrupted vs. continuous only refers to interruptions due to ventilation (i.e. no shocks or other interruptions)
Production of blood flow during cardiac arrest / Manual chest compression
Mechanical chest compressions
Extracorporeal circulation
Combination
Chest compressions not specified / How is resuscitation performed? Is it by manual chest compression, by a mechanical chest compression device or extracorporeal circulation
Ventilation during the cardiac arrest / No ventilations
Bag mask ventilation
Mechanical ventilations / Ventilations can be performed either manually with a ventilation bag or mechanically with a ventilator. There will be some studies of chest compressions only and ventilations will be set to no-ventilations. In the case of a study comparing one group with ventilations and one group without ventilation, you add the value for the group receiving ventilations.
If more than one type of ventilation is used/change during resuscitation, pick the one that the authors start with at resuscitation.
Basic life support, period with chest compression and/or ventilation without shock/medicine / No
Yes / Basic life support is characterized by just chest compressions and ventilation performed in an interrupted manner e.g. 15:2 or 30:2. If either shocks or medicine is administered it is regarded at advanced life support. Animals are special in the way that intubation is regarded as a part of advanced life support in humans but it is not possible to performed cardiac arrest in animals not anesthetized why animals always will be intubated. If the authors write cardiopulmonary resuscitation started with a period of basic life support for > 4 min (i.e. at least 4 minute of CPR before shocks/medicine) it is a yes
Drugs during cardiac arrest / Adrenaline
Amiodarone
Atropine
Bicarbonate
Calcium
Lidocaine
Magnesium
Vasopressin
Combination
Other / Drugs given during cardiac arrest i.e. before Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). These are separate categories in the data collection sheet (i.e. yes-no for each). For adrenaline and vasopressin there is also an option for bolus/infusion.
Stacked or single shocks / Stacked shocks
Single shocks
No shocks / In most cardiac arrest studies, the rhythm is shockable and shocks are therefore applied in order to achieve ROSC. Shocks can be performed as single shock (i.e. one shock at a time interrupted by chest compressions) or stacked shocks where several shock are performed one after another without being interrupted by chest compression or other interventions.
Chest compression quality measured / No
Yes / Chest compression quality measured as either compression depth/rate, coronary perfusion pressure or myocardial blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. If not reported, then pick “no”.
Maximum length of resuscitation / Minutes (continuous variable) / Time from start of chest compressions until CPR is terminated and no ROSC is declared and animals are declared resuscitation failures
Clear definition of coronary perfusion pressure / No
Yes
Not measured / Coronary perfusion pressure is used as a marker of CPR quality and a CPP >15 mmHg is regarded as good quality chest compressions. It is measured as the difference between right atrial pressure measured with a catheter in the right atrium or inf. vena cava and the aortic pressure measured with a catheter in aorta. In the papers it should be clearly stated how they calculate CPP for instance the difference between right atrial and aortic pressure before compression, mid-diastole, mid-systole or average. If CPP is not reported at all, pick “Not measured”. If reported, but the definition is not reported, then pick “No”.
Post-cardiac arrestcharacteristics
Clear definition of return of spontaneous circulation / No
Yes / Return of spontaneous circulation is resumption of sustained perfusion and cardiac activity after cardiac arrest and where chest compressions or ECPR is terminated. ROSC is often determined looking at the arterial curve and defined by a mean arterial pressure for instance over 40 mmHg and a time period for instance 10min. Utstein definition is >60 mmHg for 10 minutes. We just look for whether the authors define ROSC or not.
Return of spontaneous circulation rate / Number in % (continuous variable) / ROSC rate is defined at the percentage of animals that achieve ROSC. For instance 5/9 = 56% you put down 56
Hypothermia as a post-cardiac arrest treatment / No
Yes / If target temperature management is applied following ROSC it is yes. If target temperature management is applied as a therapeutic intervention vs. no target temperature management, it is the control group that counts. Target temperature management is defined as intervention to control temperature below or equal to 36. If not reported, then pick “No”.
Vasopressor as a post-cardiac arrest treatment / No
Yes / If vasopressors are given in the period following ROSC it is yes. Vasopressors could be adrenalin/vasopressin/norepinephrine/ phenylephrine/dobutamine. If not reported, then pick “No”.
Observation period / Hours of observation/follow-up (continuous variable) / After ROSC has been achieved animals are going into the observation period. This is the duration of the observation period in hours starting after ROSC has been achieved for instance 1h, 24h, 48h etc.
If animals are sacrificed at multiple time points, pick the longest observation period.
Neurological function as endpoint / No
Clinical score
Histology
Electrophysiology
More than one / Various endpoints are used in animal models of cardiac arrest, neurological function is one of them. Neurological function can be evaluated either by functional neurological testing of the animal or by performing histology on brain tissue from the animals. Neurological testing can include different tests but most often by either the neurological deficit score or Overall Performance Category. Some studies also use electrophysiology as a neurological outcome.
Cardiac function as endpoint / No
Yes / Various endpoints are used in animal models of cardiac arrest with cardiac function as one of the most common ones. Cardiac function can be evaluated in a number of ways for instance cardiac output, ejection fraction, pressure catheters in the left ventricle e.g. dpdtmax/dpdtmin.
Post ROSC Mortality rate / Number in % (continuous variable) / Mortality rate at the end of the observational/follow-up period of the animals that achieved ROSC.
If stopped at ROSC (i.e. no observation period) then put 999.
Other
Type of study / Pathophysiology/investigational
Intervention
Prognostication
Diagnostic
Combination
Other / What is the purpose of study? Is it to test a new intervention and to see if it improves outcome or is the purpose of the study of a more investigative/ mechanistic character for studying the pathophysiology of cardiac arrest, or to prognosticate outcome or to diagnose during cardiac arrest.
Refers to Utstein Guidelines / No
Yes / Does the authors anywhere in the article refer/cite the Utstein guidelines from 1996 Utstein-Style Guidelines for Uniform Reporting of Laboratory CPR Research
Refer to other article regarding methodology / No
Yes / Whether or not the article is referring to another study in regards to the methodology used.
eTable 2. The 20 journals with the most articles
Journal / Number of articles
Resuscitation / 101
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine / 38
Critical Care Medicine / 34
PloS One / 15
Shock / 13
Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism / 11
Chinese Medical Journal / 10
Academic Emergency Medicine / 8
BioMed Research International / 8
Critical Care / 8
Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica / 7
Pediatric Research / 7
Circulation / 6
Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine / 5
Neuroscience / 5
World Journal of Emergency Medicine / 4
Anesthesiology / 4
Journal of the American Heart Association / 4
Neurocritical Care / 4
The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery / 4
Alphabetic list of included studies