MODLM2046 European Society, MA in Modern Languages

Objectives and outcomes

The unit will examine the evolution of modern European society, both in terms of the political and social pressures that have shaped its constituent parts and in the way the impetus for change crossed national borders. Beginning with the challenge to absolutism in France and the struggle for the establishment of the democratic nation-state in Europe, the unit will chart the emergence of liberal democracy and then analyse the dynamics that led to challenges to the liberal democratic model, from left and right, ranging from fascist authoritarianism at one extreme to communist totalitarianism at the other. With the restoration of liberal democracy, the unit will study the forces behind the creation of a European social and political entity and the attempt to promote new concepts such as trans-national sovereignty.Students will be introduced to key concepts via examples drawn from a range of different countries, so broadening and contextualising existing knowledge and deepening their understanding of the emergence of contemporary Europe.

Contact time: 11 x 1.5 hours

Delivery: fortnightly

Weeks:

1) Introduction: founding concepts (G. Raymond)

3) The French revolution and the template for modernity: from liberal enlightenment to direct democracy (G. Raymond)

5) The Fading Hegemony of Spanish Liberalism: Praetorian Politics, Social Violence and Labour Upheaval in Liberal Spain (1898-1931), I (F. Salvado)

7) The Fading Hegemony of Spanish Liberalism: Praetorian Politics, Social Violence and Labour Upheaval in Liberal Spain (1898-1931), II (F. Salvado)

9) Nation-building in Italy and the emergence of fascism (C. Burdett)

11) Popular Front Politics in Interwar Western Europe (M. Hurcombe)

13) Totalitarianism in Germany (M. Allinson)

15) The post-war and post-unification democratic settlements in Germany (M. Allinson)

17) ‘Speaking Bolshevik’: Politics and Identity in Soviet Society (C. Shaw)

19) The collapse of the Soviet Union (B. Beumers)

21)Trans-national sovereignty and democracy in the European Union (G. Raymond)

Indicative Bibliography

General

Allum, P., State and Society in Western Europe (Polity Press, 1995).

Hobsbawm, E., Nations and Nationalism since 1780 (Cambridge University Press, 1990)

Mouffe, C. (ed.), Dimensions of Radical Democracy: Pluralism, Citizenship, Community (Verso, 1992)

Mulgan, G., Good and Bad Power (Allen Lane, 2006)

Rosamond, B., Theories of European Integration (Palgrave Macmillan, 2000)

Sakwa, R. & Stevens, A. (eds), Contemporary Europe (Macmillan, 2006)

Seidentop, L., Democracy in Europe (Penguin Books, 2000)

On France

Best, G. (ed.), The Permanent Revolution (Fontana Press, 1988)

Cole, A. & Raymond, G. (eds), Redefining the French Republic (Manchester University Press, 2006)

Doyle, W., The Oxford History of the French Revolution (OxfordUniversity Press, 2002)

Furet, F. The French Revolution 1770-1814 (Blackwell, 2000)

Sutton, M. France and the Construction of Europe, 1944-2006: the Geopolitical Imperative (Berghahn, 2007)

Waters, S. Social Movements in France: Towards a New Citizenship (Palgrave Macmillan, 2003)

Martin S. Alexander, Helen Graham (eds), The French and Spanish popular fronts: comparative perspectives (Cambridge University Press,1989)

Blaazer, David, The Popular Front and the progressive tradition :socialists, liberals, and the quest for unity, 1884-1939 (Cambridge University Press,1992)

Brunet, Jean-Paul, Histoire du Front Populaire (1934-1938) (Paris: Presses Universitaires Françaises, 1991)

Dell, Simon, The Image of the Popular Front: The Masses and the Media in Interwar France(New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007).

Helen Graham and Paul Preston (eds), The Popular Front in Europe (Basingstoke:Macmillan,c1987)

Jackson, Julian,The Popular Front in France: defending democracy, 1934-1938 (Cambridge University Press,1988)

Kergoat, Jacques, La France du front populaire (Editions la Découverte, 2006)

Lacouture, Jean, Le front populaire (Actes Sud, 2006)

Michel Margairaz, Danielle Tartakowsky and Daniel Lefeuvre, Le front populaire (Larousse, 2009).

Payne, Stanley,The Spanish Civil War, the Soviet Union, and communism (New Haven:Yale University Press 2005)

Racine-Furlaud, Nicole and Bodin, Louis, Le Parti communiste français pendant l'entre-deux guerres (Presses de Sciences Po, 1982)

Rosenhaft, Eve,German communism and the Popular Front (Loughborough:European Research Centre, Department of European Studies, Loughborough University of Technology)

Tartakowsky, Danielle, Le front populaire. La Vie est à nous (Gallimard, 1996)

Weber, Eugen, The Hollow Years: France in the 1930s (London: Sinclair – Stevenson, 1996).

On Germany

Mary Fulbrook,'The Limits of Totalitarianism: God, State and Society in the GDR', in Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, Sixth Series, Vol. 7, (1997), pp. 25-52

Ian Kershaw, The Nazi Dictatorship: Problems and Perspectives of

Interpretation (OUP, 2000), especially Chapter 2.

On Italy

Clark, M. Modern Italy 1871-1982 (London 1984)

Griffin, R. The Nature of Fascism (London 1991)

Lyttelton, A. Liberal and Fascist Italy (Oxford 2002)

Morgan, P. Italian Fascism 1919-1945 (Basingstoke 1995)

Pollard, J. The Fascist Experience in Italy (London 1998)

Pugliese, S. Italian fascism and anti-fascism (Manchester 2001)

Schnapp, J. T. A Primer of Italian Fascism (London 2000)

On Russia

David Hoffmann, Stalinist Values: The Cultural Norms of Soviet Modernity 1917-1941 (CornellUniversity Press, 2003)

Stephen Kotkin, Magnetic Mountain: Stalinism as a Civilization (University of California Press, 1995)Anna Krylova, ‘The Tenacious Liberal Subject in Soviet Studies’, in Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History, Volume 1, Number 1 (2000)

Jochen Hellbeck, Revolution on my Mind: Writing a Diary under Stalin (HarvardUniversity Press, 2009)

Sheila Fitzpatrick, Everyday Stalinism: Ordinary Life in Extraordinary Times: Soviet Russia in the 1930s (Oxford University Press, 1999)

Oleg Kharkhordin, The Collective and the Individual in Russia: A Study of Practices (University of California Press, 1999)

Ronald Suny, The Soviet Experiment: Russia, the USSR and the SuccessorStates (Oxford University Press, 1998)

On Spain

General Textbooks (Cover all Period)

J. Alvarez Junco & A. Shubert (eds), Spanish History since 1808 (Arnold: 2000).

G. Brenan, The Spanish Labyrinth: An Account of the Social and Political

Background of the Civil War (Cambridge: 1990).

R. Carr, Spain, 1808-1975 (OUP: 1980.

R. Carr, Modern Spain (OUP: 1980).

C. J. Esdaile, Spain in the Liberal Age (Oxford, 2000).

F. J. Romero Salvadó, Twentieth Century Spain. Politics and Society, 1898-1998

(Macmillan: 1999).

Thematic Reading(Cover all period)

A. Balcells, Catalan Nationalism (London, 1996).

S. Balfour, Deadly Embrace: Morocco and the Road to the Civil War (Oxford: 2002).

S. Balfour & P. Preston (ed.), Spain and the Great Powers (Routledge, 1999).

R. Bañón Martínez & Thomas M. Baker, Armed Forces and Society in Spain. Past

and Present (New York, 1988).

M. Bookchin, The Spanish Anarchists (New York: 1976).

W. J. Callaham, Church, Politics and Society in Spain, 1750-1874 (Cambridge,

Harvard, 1984).

D. Conversi, The Basques, the Catalans and Spain (London, 1997).

C. Ealham, Class, Culture and Conflict in Barcelona, 1898-1937 (London: 2005).

J. P. Fusi,`Centre and Periphery 1900-1936: National Integration and Regional

Nationalisms Reconsidered', in P. Preston and F. Lannon (eds), Elites and

Power in Twentieth-Century Spain: Essays in Honour of Sir Raymond Carr

(Oxford: 1990).

J. Harrison, The Spanish Economy in the Twentieth Century (London: 1985).

P. Heywood, Marxism and the Failure of Organized Socialism in Spain, 1879-1936

(Cambridge: 1990).

T. Kaplan, RedCity, Blue Period: Social Movements in Picasso’s Barcelona

(Berkeley: 1992).

F. Lannon, Privilege, Persecution and Prophecy: The Catholic Church in Spain,

1875-1975 (Oxford: 1987).

J. Liebermann, The Contemporary Spanish Economy: An Historical Perspective

(London, 1982).

E. Malefakis, Agrarian Reform and Peasant Revolution in Spain(London: 1970).

C. Mar-Molinero & A. Smith (eds), Nationalism and the Nation in the Iberian

Peninsula (Oxford: 1996).

B. Martin, The Agony of Modernization. Labour and Industrialization in Spain

(New York: 1990).

S. Payne, Politics and the Military in Modern Spain(Stanford: 1967).

P. Preston, ¡Comrades! Portraits from the Spanish Civil War (London: 1999).

P. B. Radcliff, From Mobilization to Civil War: The Politics of Polarization in the

SpanishCity of Gijón, 1900-1937 (Cambridge: 1996).

N. Sánchez Albornoz (ed.), The Economic Modernization of Spain, 1830-1930

(London, 1985).

A. Shubert, A Social History of Modern Spain (Unwin & Hyman: 1990).

The Road to Revolution in Asturias (Chicago: 1987).

A. Smith (ed.), Red Barcelona(Routledge: 2002).

An Historical Dictionary of Spain (Scarecrow Press, 1996).

A. Smith & C. Molinero (eds.), National Identity in Modern Spain(Berg, 1996).

R. Tamames, The Spanish Economy. An Introduction (London, 1986).