OCR AS/A Level Chemistry B (Salters)

OCR AS/A Level Chemistry B (Salters)

Resources linked to Storylines as available on the Scheme of Work Builder on 11th November 2016

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1 / EL(a) atomic number, mass number, isotope, Avogadro constant (NA), relative isotopic mass, relative atomic mass (Ar ), relative formula mass and relative molecular mass (Mr ) /

Apply the mole concept to substances (Richard Thornley)

This is part of a larger series of videos to support IB Chemistry, but the context is relevant to any chemistry course. The series is very well put together and very informative. This video introduces the Avogadro constant and demonstrates the reason the constant has the unit mol−1.
View full activity in Formulae, equations and amount of substance - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(b)(i) the concept of amount of substance (moles) and its use to perform calculations involving: masses of substances, empirical and molecular formulae, percentage composition, percentage yields, water of crystallisation
(ii) the techniques and procedures used in experiments to measure masses of solids /

Build an atom simulator (PhET, University of Colorado)

This simulation can be used either independently by learners or as the focus of a class activity via an interactive whiteboard or projector. A number of different worksheets are available in the links below the simulation but in particular it can be used to help learners visualise the different properties of subatomic particles more clearly.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(c)(i) the use of the concept of amount of substance (moles) to perform calculations involving: concentration (including titration calculations and calculations for making and diluting standard solutions)
(ii) the techniques and procedures used in experiments to measure volumes of solutions; the techniques and procedures used in experiments to prepare a standard solution from a solid or more concentrated solution and in acid–base titrations /

Chemical misconceptions II: Predicting the melting temperature of carbon (Royal Society of Chemistry)

Learners examine more closely the relationship between structure and physical properties, and also about the way giant substances are represented in chemical equations. This resource thus brings together ideas about trends in properties and ideas about structure and bonding.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(d) balanced full and ionic chemical equations, including state symbols /

Variation in Sr isotopic composition of seawater with time (Leicester University)

This article describes the relevance of the ratio of strontium isotopes in seawater over time to geological research. Learners could summarise the article in a slide show, abstract or poster. This would be an excellent activity for developing chemical literacy skills.
View full activity in Analytical techniques - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONTEXTUALLY
EL(e) conventions for representing the distribution of electrons in atomic orbitals; the shapes of s- and p-orbitals /

Multiple choice practice test Elements of life

This Lesson Element contains 10 multiple choice questions on topics covered in the teaching module Elements of Life.
LESSON ELEMENTS
EL(f) the electronic configuration, using sub-shells and atomic orbitals, of:
(i) atoms from hydrogen to krypton
(ii) ions of the s- and p-block of Periods 1 to 4
(iii) the outer sub-shell structures of s- and p-block elements of other periods /

Mole day planning pack (University of Ulster Science in Society)

A molehill of short activities aimed at making the mole fun. There are some great activities here that can only improve understanding of and interest in chemistry. The pack is intended to be part of annual Mole Day (23 October) activities, but many suggestions can be incorporated into general teaching.
View full activity in Formulae, equations and amount of substance - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(g) how knowledge of the structure of the atom developed in terms of a succession of gradually more sophisticated models; interpretation of these and other examples of such developing models /

Reacting masses (Creative Chemistry)

This is a structured worksheet that allows learners to calculate reacting masses.
View full activity in Formulae, equations and amount of substance - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(h) fusion reactions: lighter nuclei join to give heavier nuclei (under conditions of high temperature and pressure); this is how certain elements are formed /

Preparation of magnesium sulfate and calculating the percentage yield (Royal Society of Chemistry, through National STEM Centre)

This experiment is part of an activity impressively named ‘Milk of Magnesia Extemporaneous Preparation’ from the Royal Society of Chemistry’s Advancing the Chemical Sciences collection. Hydrated magnesium sulfate is prepared from magnesium oxide and excess sulfuric acid.
View full activity in Formulae, equations and amount of substance - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(i) chemical bonding in terms of electrostatic forces; simple electron ‘dot-and-cross’ diagrams to describe the electron arrangements in ions and covalent and dative covalent bonds /

Finding the formula of copper oxide (Royal Society of Chemistry)

This practical uses methane to reduce copper oxide to copper. Learners measure the masses of the oxide and the final copper and determine the formula of the original oxide.
View full activity in Formulae, equations and amount of substance - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(j) the bonding in giant lattice (metallic, ionic, covalent network) and simple molecular structure types;
the typical physical properties (melting point, solubility in water, electrical conductivity) characteristic of these structure types /

Calculating percentage yield (Cavalcade Publishing)

This is a worksheet with answers that would help learners reinforce the calculations required for percentage yield.
View full activity in Formulae, equations and amount of substance - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(k) use of the electron pair repulsion principle, based on ‘dot-and-cross’ diagrams, to predict, explain and name the shapes of simple molecules (such as BeCl2, BF3, CH4, NH3, H2O and SF6) and ions (such as NH4+) with up to six outer pairs of electrons (any combination of bonding pairs and lone pairs); assigning bond angles to these structures /

Calculating percentage yield (

An example of a resource that could be used to calculate percentage yield, set in the context of organic reactions. It provides a step by step demonstration of the calculation.
View full activity in Formulae, equations and amount of substance - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONTEXTUALLY
EL(l) structures of compounds that have a sodium chloride type lattice /

Problem based practical activities: Carbonate rocks! (Royal Society of Chemistry)

In this activity, learners need to link together their knowledge of the decomposition of metal carbonates with their ability to devise an experimental procedure and to analyse empirical data.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(m) the periodic table as a list of elements in order of atomic (proton) number that groups elements together according to their common properties; using given information, make predictions concerning the properties of an element in a group; the classification of elements into s-, p- and d-blocks /

Balancing chemical equations (PHET at the University of Colorado)

For learners who are weak at balancing equations it may be worth starting with some practice in this area. This resource will help with this. It is a seesaw where learners can move atoms and molecules around to ensure the seesaw balances, thus balancing the equation.
View full activity in Formulae, equations and amount of substance - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(n) periodic trends in the melting points of elements in Periods 2 and 3, in terms of structure and bonding /

Ionic reactions in solution (University of Wisconsin)

Online tutorial in writing ionic equations. Includes a good explanation of when and why we remove spectator ions and covers the main occurrences of ionic equations in precipitation, acid–base and displacement reactions.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(o) the relationship between the position of an element in the s- or p-block of the periodic table and the charge on its ion; the names and formulae of NO3–, SO42–, CO32–, OH–, NH4+, HCO3–, Cu2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Fe2+, Fe3+; formulae and names for compounds formed between these ions and other given anions and cations /

Atomic structure: Transition guide

Focusing on the topic of atomic structure this guide looks at the transition from KS4 to KS5 curriculum.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(p) a description and comparison of the following properties of the elements and compounds of Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba in Group 2: reactions of the elements with water and oxygen, thermal stability of the carbonates, solubilities of hydroxides and carbonates /

Gridlocks game: Sub-shells and orbitals (Royal Society of Chemistry)

This game is designed around the principle of Sudoku puzzles.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(q) the term ionisation enthalpy;
equations for the first ionisation of elements explanation of trends in first ionisation enthalpies for Periods 2 and 3 and groups and the resulting differences in reactivities of s- and p-block metals in terms of their ability to lose electrons /

Starters for ten: Atomic structure and trends in the Periodic Table (Royal Society of Chemistry)

These short worksheets can be used as a starter to test knowledge learned in a previous lesson, or alternatively can be used as a plenary activity. Section 2 contains worksheets on atomic structure and Section 4 on trends in the periodic table.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(r) charge density of an ion and its relation to the thermal stability of the Group 2 carbonates /

Analogy for the atom (Royal Society of Chemistry)

These worksheets form the basis of an activity in which learners consider the strengths and weaknesses of using analogies when describing the structure and behaviour of atoms. It encourages them to think in more detail about the commonly accepted ‘solar system’ analogy often used to explain electron shells.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(s) the solubility of compounds formed between the following cations and anions: Li+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Ag+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Al3+, NH4+, CO32–, SO42–, Cl–, Br–, I–, OH– , NO3–;
colours of any precipitates formed;
use of these ions as tests e.g. Ba2+ as a test for SO42–;
a sequence of tests leading to the identification of a salt containing the ions above /

Chemical misconceptions II: Definitions in chemistry (Royal Society of Chemistry)

This resource is an ideal tool to elicit learners’ misconceptions and understandings of basic terms (element, compound, atom, molecule) right at the start of the course.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(t) the terms: acid, base, alkali, neutralisation; techniques and procedures for making soluble salts by reacting acids and bases and insoluble salts by precipitation reactions /

Models of the hydrogen atom (PhET, University of Colorado)

This simulation compares the real observations obtained from irradiating hydrogen atoms with light with the expected observations generated by each model of the atom.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(u) the basic nature of the oxides and hydroxides of Group 2 (Mg–Ba) /

Rutherford experiment simulation (Michael W. Davidson and The Florida State University)

This website simulates the Rutherford ‘gold foil’ experiment and is accompanied by a clear explanation of how the experiment challenged the existing atomic model.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(v) the electromagnetic spectrum in order of increasing frequency and energy and decreasing wavelength: infrared, visible, ultraviolet /

Gridlocks game: Mass number and atomic number (Royal Society of Chemistry)

This game is designed around the principle of Sudoku puzzles.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(w) transitions between electronic energy levels in atoms:
(i) the occurrence of absorption and emission atomic spectra in terms of transition of electrons between electronic energy levels
(ii) the features of these spectra, similarities and differences
(iii) the relationship between the energy emitted or absorbed and the frequency of the line produced in the spectra,
(iv) the relationship between frequency, wavelength and the speed of electromagnetic radiation,
(v) flame colours of Li+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Cu2+ /

Gridlocks game: Subatomic particles (Royal Society of Chemistry)

This game is designed around the principle of Sudoku puzzles.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY
EL(x) use of data from a mass spectrum to determine relative abundance of isotopes and calculate the relative atomic mass of an element /

How carbon dating works (HowStuffWorks.com)

This website will help to put the formation and decay of isotopes into a real world context and provides a very clear account of how radioactive carbon-14 is formed in the atmosphere and incorporated into living organisms.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONTEXTUALLY

Star death and the creation of elements (Wonders of the Universe, BBC)

Relatively simple but nice explanation of the stages that lead to the formation of elements in stars, delivered by Brian Cox.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONTEXTUALLY

Chemical misconceptions II: Spot the bonding (Royal Society of Chemistry)

This worksheet asks learners to identify the bonding present in a range of substances, including ionic, covalent, metallic, polar, hydrogen, instantaneous dipole–induced dipole and dative bonds.
View full activity in Bonding and structure - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY

Ionic bonding (Royal Society of Chemistry)

This worksheet is designed to uncover misconceptions about ionic bonding. Learners are given a set of statements about bonding in sodium chloride, which they must identify as either true or false. Full explanations are given for each statement; ensure these are discussed in particular for the false statements, to avoid the risk of learners misremembering false statements as true.
View full activity in Bonding and structure - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY

Chemical misconceptions II: Interactions (Royal Society of Chemistry)

This probe provides a way of exploring learners’ ideas about different types of bonding. It is particularly useful for uncovering learners’ notions of the terms ‘force’, ‘attraction’, ‘bonding’ and ‘chemical bond’.
View full activity in Bonding and structure - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY

Starters for ten (Royal Society of Chemistry)

Section 3 of this resource contains a series of questions to check on learning covering: dot-and-cross diagrams; ionic, covalent, metallic and intermolecular bonding; dative bonding; bond polarity; shapes of molecules.
View full activity in Bonding and structure - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY

Bonding: KS5–HE Transition guide

Focusing on how ideas about covalent bonding and orbitals from A Level are built upon in Higher Education. Extension activities are suggested to help prepare learners for further study in this area.
View full activity in Bonding and structure - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY

AFL: Structure and bonding (Royal Society of Chemistry)

In this activity, learners match cards that describe properties, structures, bonding and particles with particular substances.
View full activity in Bonding and structure - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY

Chemical misconceptions II: Precipitation (Royal Society of Chemistry)

Three worksheets help learners to make sense of what is happening during a precipitation reaction by considering the individual particles present in the initial solutions. The worksheets aim to avoid the common misconception by learners that ionic solids are formed only when electrons are transferred.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY

Interactive Periodic Table (Royal Society of Chemistry)

This Periodic Table is a useful way for learners to explore periodic trends in melting and boiling points, electronegativity and ionisation energy. As well as being displayed on the table, clicking on individual elements allows learners to collect numerical data which can then be used in graphical exercises.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY

Trends in physical properties: Group 2 and Period 3 (Creative Chemistry)

This website groups together the trends occurring down Group 2 (elements only) and across Period 3. Data are displayed both as graphs and in table form and each trend includes an explanation. The pages can also be printed in pdf format.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY

Gridlocks game: Ionic formulae 1

This game is designed around the principle of Sudoku puzzles.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY

Gridlocks game: Ionic formulae 2

This game is designed around the principle of Sudoku puzzles.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY

Gridlocks game: Hydroxide precipitates

This game is designed around the principle of Sudoku puzzles.
View full activity in Atomic structure, periodicity and inorganic chemistry - Online delivery guide
THINKING CONCEPTUALLY

Reaction of Group 2 elements with water