NINJAL Research Papers: Paper Template Ver. 201702
KOKUGO Kentoa TACHIKAWA Midorib
aLanguage Variation Division, Research Department, NINJAL
bRonshu University / Project Collaborator, NINJAL
Abstract
In order to promote research activities, the dissemination of research results, and the training of early-career scholars at the National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (hereafter “NINJAL”), this Research Institute publishes online and in print two issues of the journal “NINJAL Research Papers” per fiscal year.
This document serves to instantiate the “Guidelines for Manuscript Submission for the Journal ‘NINJAL Research Papers’”. Before starting to compose your manuscript, please read through the “Guidelines for Manuscript Submission” and the present document, and refer to them as you write. Please download and use the most recent versions of the “Guidelines for Manuscript Submission” and the “NINJAL Research Papers: Paper Template,” available at the NINJAL website ( Furthermore, please take care not to delete the asterisk “*” at the end of this Abstract: This asterisk links to the footnote for the Acknowledgments.[*]
Key words:key word 1, key word 2, key word 3, key word 4, key word 5
1.Introduction
This document file has its margins, line-spacing, font-size, etc. set to the specifications in the “Guidelines for Manuscript Submission for the Journal ‘NINJAL Research Papers’”. Furthermore, the style of the “Title”, “Authors’ names and affiliations,” “Abstract,” “Keywords,” and “Section headings” is also set to specification. Please use this template when you prepare your manuscript.
Note that there are cases where, after acceptance, the Editorial Board may request from the author revisions in format and style (or where minor changes in style may be made at the discretion of the Editorial Board).
In addition, please be aware in advance that, in addition to publishing a typeset, bound volume, a PDF version will be published on the NINJAL website, but there are cases where the typesetting may differ from the Word document manuscript.
2.Language of the text
The language of the text shall be either Japanese or English. Furthermore, contributors who submit a manuscript in a language other than their own native language are responsible for having their manuscripts checked by a native speaker.
3.Page layout and font
The manuscript shall be on A4 or letter size paper, typed on one side of the page only. For English text, format your document so that a page with no figures, no tables and no example sentences contains about 350 words. The length of the manuscript, including figures, tables, references, and abstract, shall in principle not exceed 50 pages.
Special scripts involving the coinage of new characters are to be avoided except in cases where these are absolutely indispensable. The transliteration of Japanese into the Roman alphabet shall in principle follow the standard of a single practice (for example, Kunreisiki Romanization or Hepburn Romanization).
4.Front matter
At the head of the paper, depending on the language of the text, the title of the paper is written centered on the page (with subtitle, if any). After one empty line, the author’s name is written centered, and on the next line the affiliation and job title are written centered on the page. After one empty line, writeAbstract, and on the following line write an abstract not exceeding 250 words.
Next, after one empty line, write Keywords: at the head of the line, and after one half-width space list not more than 5 keywords.
The main body of the text begins after one empty line.
Furthermore, at the end of the paper, in the language other than that of the text, write the “title (subtitle), author’s name, affiliation, job title, abstract, keywords” in the same style for front matter as that of the language of the text.
5.Heading numbers
In this Journal, the highest unit is “Section.” Numbers are assigned for headings such as “Foreword,” “Introduction,” “Afterword,” and “Conclusion” as well. Headings such as “Foreword” and “Introduction,” are assigned not 0. but rather 1. as the number. With regard to subdivisions of Sections, refer to “7. Example of a Section heading,” “7.1 Example of a heading one level below Section,” and “7.1.1 Example of a heading two levels below Section.”
6.Example of a Section heading
6.1Example of a heading one level below Section
6.1.1Example of a heading two levels below Section
Subdivisions of the main text are numbered as follows: “7. Example of a Section heading,” “7.1 Example of a heading one level below Section,” and “7.1.1 Example of a heading two levels below Section” (without indentation) with an empty line above the heading (but with none below it).
Regardless of the level of the heading, the font is bold (Times New Roman) for both the number and the heading that follows it.
Note that after acceptance the editors will adjust the style, so it is not necessary to follow these specifications strictly as you write.
The text begins on the next line after the heading.
When referring to Sections in the body of the text, use expression such as “In Section 7” and “As noted in Section 7”.
7.Tables and figures
Consecutive numbers are assigned to tables and figures, and captions are required. Captions are placed underneath figures and centered horizontally with respect thereto. Captions are placed above tables and left-aligned with respect thereto. The figure or table itself is centered horizontally with respect to the line.
Note that after acceptance the editors will adjust the style, so it is not necessary to follow these specifications strictly as you write.
For tables and figures clear images are required. For both the printed version and the PDF version, in principle only black and white is used, so for figures where gradation is crucial, make sure differences in brightness are clear.
If graphs are inserted, using grayscale or texture to make distinctions is preferable to using colors.
Table 1 Captions are left-aligned over tables
Item A / Item B / Item CItem abc / 123 / 234 / 567
Item def / 98 / 76 / 54
Item ghi / 987 / 654 / 321
Item jkl / 12 / 345 / 67
Item mno / 987 / 65 / 432
Item pqr / 135 / 357 / 579
Figure 1 Captions are centered horizontally under figures
8.Presentation of example sentences
Leave single line spaces between the text and the examples. Consecutive numbers in round brackets precede examples, and examples are left-aligned to these numbers without breaks or indentation. For examples in a language that is different from that of the text, a word-by-word (or morpheme-by-morpheme) gloss is to be provided along with a translation of the entire sentence as necessary, in one of the methods exemplified below. Furthermore, an explanation of any abbreviations used is to be provided separately.
(1)banaashnish.
for.himI.work
‘I work for him.’
(2)b-anaa-sh-nish.
3OBJ-BENADV-1SG.SUBJ-work
‘I work for him.’
(3)Hanakowaimoototoeigaomi-ta.
HanakoTOPsisterwithmovieACCsee-PAST
‘Hanako saw a movie with her sister.’
9.Notes
Notes are to be numbered consecutively and grouped at the end of the paper. Be aware that in the typesetting, the notes will appear as footnotes.
Both in the text and at the head of the notes themselves, the numbering is in superscript Arabic numerals.[1]The numbers appear after punctuations.[2]
Notes that serve only as citations for quotations are not to be used.
10.References
References are limited to only those works which have been cited or quoted in the text or notes, and are to be grouped at the end of the paper in the following form:
a．Items are arranged in alphabetical order according to the surname of the principle author.
b.Items by the same author are arranged in order of the year of publication.
c．Items by the same author in the same year are given subscripts: a, b, c, etc.
d．For more than one paper from the same independent volume, that volume is included as a reference item, and each paper refers to that item.
e．The full name of the author (or editor) is used, without initials, except in cases where an established convention obtains: e.g., N. S. Trubetzkoy, R. H. Robins, etc.
f.For titles of books and papers written in European languages, only the first letter of the title is capitalized (with the exception of proper nouns). (However, for items that are normally capitalized by convention, such as nouns in German, that convention is followed.)
g.For books and articles written in Japanese but cited from articles in European languages, the practice is the same as that for works in European languages set out above. In addition, if translations of titles are included, the format below is followed.
(ex.) Yamada, Yoshio (1908) Nihon bunpoo-ron. [Japanese grammar]. Tokyo: Hoobunkan.
(ex.) Kibe, Nobuko (2008) Naitekihenkaniyoruhoogen no tanjoo. [The birth of a new variety caused by internal change]. In: Takashi Kobayashi (ed.) Hoogen no keisei [Dialect formation], 43–81. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten.
h．For each item, the name of the author (or editor), year of publication, title, page numbers (includingpuctuation) are written according to the format set out in the ‘Appendix: Details concerning formatting, etc.’.
※For the specific practices for each type of reference work (journal paper, article in a collection or as a chapter in a book, independent book, dissertation, online materials, etc.), refer to the ‘Appendix: Details concerning formatting, etc.’ in the “Guidelines for Manuscript Submission for the Journal “NINJAL Research Papers”.
※For online materials or databases, give the “title of the materials (or website)” in the text, and (i) include a note specifying “url, materials accessed: (date),” etc. Alternatively (ii) at the end of the paper under the title “Related websites” or “Survey materials” etc. list entries, each with “name of material, name of website, url, date accessed.”
For the list of references, at the end of the main text, leave one blank line, at the head of the next line write References(gothic bold 10.5pt font), and begin the list on the following line (10.5pt normal font). If one entry requires two or more lines, indent fourhalf-width spaces beginning with the second line.
11.Citing references
For citation of references in the text and in the notes, the following guide is followed. When necessary it is permitted to use the author’s full name.
(ex.) Sapir (1925) notes that…
(ex.) Bloomfield (1933: 347) remarks as follows: “The assumption that the simplest classification of observedfactsisthetrueone, iscommontoallsciences . . .”
(ex.) In Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993, Kager 1999), …
(ex.) … as often mentioned in the literature (Chomsky 1980, 1990, Bresnan 1990, 1991, Hale 1996).
For longer quotations, follow the practice exemplified below:
In the case of longer quotations, put a blank space between the quotation and the text both before and after the quotation, and indent the quotation four spaces. There is no need to surround the quotation with quotation marks. (NINJAL Research Papers Editorial Board 2016:6)
For longer quotations, follow the practices exemplified above.
12.Copyright
The author shall understand the following points to obtain upon submission of a manuscript.
・That the copyright ownership of each manuscript resides with the author(s) of that manuscript.
・That the author(s) license the exercise of rights of reproduction and public transmission to NINJAL.
・All other points set out in the document “KokurituKokugoKenkyuusyoniokeruhensyuutyosaku-butu no toriatukainituite [On the treatment of edited and authored materials at the National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics]”.
Furthermore, the author is responsible for any copyright processing necessitated by the reprinting of illustrations featured in other written works, and for licensing by related parties with regard to the use or publication of data.
13.Conclusion
We hope that the above will prove to be an easy-to-understand reference for the composition of manuscripts.
For the full text of the “Guidelines for Manuscript Submission for the Journal ‘NINJAL Research Papers’” and the online version of the journal “NINJAL Research Papers”please see the NINJAL website（
References
Bloomfield, Leonard (1933) Language. New York: Holt.
Haegeman, Liliane (1994) Introduction to government and binding theory. Second edition. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Jakobson, Roman, Gunnar Fant and Morris Halle (1963) Preliminaries to speech analysis: The distinctive features and their correlates. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Kiparsky, Paul (1968) Linguistic universals and linguistic change. In: Emmon Bach and Robert T. Harms (eds.) Universals in linguistic theory, 171–202. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Lakoff, George (1986a) Women, fire and dangerous things: What categories reveal about the mind. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Lakoff, George (1986b) Cognitive semantics. Berkeley Cognitive Science Report 36.
Lakoff, George and Mark Johnson (1980) Metaphors we live by. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Postal, Paul (1970) On the surface verb “remind”. Linguistic Inquiry 1: 37‒120.
Sag, Ivan (1976) Deletion and logical form. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, MIT.
Trubetzkoy, N.S. (1971) Grundzüge der Phonologie. 5. Auflage. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Related websites
National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics. Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written Japanese. (accessed October 2013).
National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (2016) Corpus of Historical Japanese. (accessed October 2016).
国立国語研究所論集
―投稿原稿テンプレート201612版―
国語研人a 立川 緑b
a国立国語研究所研究系言語変異研究領域
b論集大学／国立国語研究所共同研究員
要旨
国立国語研究所では，国立国語研究所における研究活動の活性化と成果の公表及び所内若手研究者育成を目的として，『国立国語研究所論集』（英語名“NINJAL Research Papers”）を各年度に2回，オンラインと冊子体の両形態で発行します。
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[*]Project Collaborators who submit as principle authors are restricted to research contents or research results of their Collaborative Research Projects. Furthermore, in order to indicate this clearly, they are required to include in the Acknowledgments a line of text of the following form: “This (Section ○○of this) manuscript represents the research results of the NINJAL collaborative research project ‘○○’ (project leader: ○○□□).”
[1]Both in the text and at the head of the notes themselves, the numbering is in superscript Arabic numerals.Notes that serve only as citations for quotations are not to be used..
[2] In English text, the numbers appear after punctuation. In Japanese, it is before punctuations that the numbers appear.