Navy Shore Drinking Water Quality Report for Fiscal Year 2016

NAVY SHORE DRINKING WATER QUALITY REPORT FOR FISCAL YEAR 2016

February 10, 2017

Prepared by:

Commander, Navy Installations Command

Navy Executive Agent for Drinking Water

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Navy is committed to safeguarding the health of its personnel and their families. Ensuring safe drinking water is a top health concern. Commander, Navy Installations Command (CNIC) is the Executive Agent (EA) for Navy Installation drinking waterandserves as the single point of contact for matters related to drinking water systems.

This report is provided in accordance withOPNAVINST M-5090.1 and is comprised of an inventory of all water systems, an analysis of theexceedances of health-based standards, and identification of outstanding operational and maintenance requirements.

During FY16, CNIC,workingclosely with its strategic partners, the Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC),the Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (BUMED), and Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) Laboratory Quality Accreditation Office (LQAO)continued to make significant progress in the oversight andimproved accountability of the Navy’s drinking water program.

Across the U.S. and its territories, the Navy manages 80 systems that fall under the jurisdiction of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and local laws. The Navy also manages 52 additional Navy systems overseas that are not under the jurisdiction of the EPA and for purposes of this report, are referred to as Overseas Drinking Water (ODW) systems. These 52ODW systems are under the primary enforcement authority of CNIC.

In FY16, CNIC and NAVFAC also began executing DASN(E) and OPNAV N45 policy samplingfor Perfluorochemicals (PFCs) in drinking water;all required sampling has been completed as outlined in this report. Additional off-installation sampling of groundwater and private drinking water wells for PFCs is occurring as part of the Navy's Environmental Restoration and Base Realignment and Closure programs. These systems being tested are privately owned, are not part of the Navy's Drinking Water program/system, andare, therefore, not covered in this report.

Compliance

For the 80 systems under the jurisdiction of EPA, 75systems (94%) met all health-based standards during FY16with 17% fewer new exceedances than FY15. For the 52 ODW systems, 41 systems (79%) met all health-based standardswith 50% fewer new exceedances than FY15. Where there were exceedances of standards, corrective actions were implemented and the systems returned to compliance, or alternate water wasissued.

FY16ODW Accomplishments and FY17 Plan

In FY16, the Navy continued to advance the ODW program towards full compliance with U.S. water quality standards and ODW procedures and protocols. All health based water quality exceedances were resolved or alternate water supplies issued. FY16was the fourthfull year of program implementation and includedcommencementof the secondcycle of sanitary surveys for ODW systems. InFY16,additional systems were established or identified and are now included for: CNFK Headquarters Busan, South Korea; Naval Support Facility Deveselu, Romania; and the Building 585 Compound at Naval Air StationSigonella, Italy. Negishi Housing at Commander Fleet ActivitiesYokosuka, Japanwas closed and its associated drinking water system is no longer part of the Navy ODW program.

The Water Quality Oversight Council (WQOC), comprised of CNIC, NAVFAC andBUMED, became a more cohesive organization. In FY16, NAVSEA Staff from theirLaboratory Quality and Accreditation Office (LQAO) became regular participating members of the WQOC Staff, which led to the scheduling of five laboratory compliance assistance site visitsin FY17.

As part of its continuing oversight program, the WQOC completed initial in-depth Sanitary Survey evaluations of our final eight ODW systems to identify deficiencies in sanitary conditions, materiel condition, personnel training and qualifications, safety, and non-compliances with drinking water standards and policies. In response, installations identified corrective actions and developed a Plan of Action and Milestones to address each deficiency.

To further ODW oversight and compliance, CNIC published additional instructions to support program management. In conjunction withNAVFAC,CNIC published one such instruction for creation of a technical review process for overseas drinking waterconstruction projects. CNIC, NAVFAC,and BUMED continued conducting ODW training for system operators, prospective Commanding Officers, Public Works Officers, and medical professionals.

The 2017ODW Plan of Action and Milestones builds on the 2016accomplishments,movingtowardsustainable program management. Details of FY16accomplishments and the FY17plan are contained in the body of this report.

Page

Executive Summary...... i

Introduction...... 1

Governing Regulations...... 1

Drinking Water Systems Inventory...... 3

Summary of Water Quality and Exceedances...... 4

Sampling and Testing for Lead in Priority Areas...... 6

Sampling and Testing for Perfluorochemicals...... 7

Assessment, Operation and Maintenance...... 8

FY16 Projects and Accomplishments...... 11

FY17 Projects and Planned Actions...... 12

Appendix A: ...... A1

Inventory of Drinking Water Systems under EPA Jurisdiction

Appendix B: ...... B1

Inventory ofNon-Public Water Systems and Other Public Water Systems in the U.S.

Appendix C:...... C1

Inventory of ODW Systems, CTOs and Operator Training Requirements

Appendix D: ...... D1

Drinking Water Systems with Exceedances under EPA Jurisdiction

Appendix E: ...... E1

ODW Systems with Exceedances

Appendix F:...... F1

Perfluorochemicals (PFC)Sampling Results for Drinking Water Systemsin the U.S.

Appendix G: ...... G1

Perfluorochemicals (PFC) Sampling Results for ODW Systems

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Introduction

The Navy is committed to safeguarding the health of its personnel and families by ensuring their drinking water is safe and meets all health-based standards. Commander, Navy Installations Command (CNIC), supported by its strategic partners Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC),Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (BUMED), and Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA),serves as the Executive Agent for drinking water ashore and maintainsoversight of both U.S. and Overseas Drinking Water (ODW) systems.

Thisfourth annual report identifies the compliance posture of the Navy’s drinking water program and the Navy’s efforts taken to deliver safe drinking water.

Governing Regulations

In the U.S. and its territories, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), under the authority of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), sets health-based standards to ensure drinking water is safe for human consumption. The EPA defines human consumption as drinking, cooking, bathing, dishwashing, and maintaining oral hygiene.

EPA provides requirements and guidelines,adopted by most states, to safely implement drinking water program management. Navy public drinking water systems are required to comply with EPA and state drinking water requirements, and in the few locations where EPA is the sole regulator, Navy public drinking water systems are required to comply withEPA requirements alone. OPNAVINST M-5090.1, Navy Environmental Readiness Program Manual,provides implementing requirements for Navy compliance with the SDWA.

Overseas, where the EPA does not have jurisdiction, CNIC is the primary enforcement authority for drinking water programs, setting and enforcingNavy health-based standards. Navy shore installations in foreign countries are also required to comply with health-based standards outlined within country-specific Department of Defense (DoD) Final Governing Standards (FGS),or in the absence of an FGS, the DoD Overseas Environmental Baseline Guidance Document.

As the primary enforcement authority for ODW systems, CNIC maintains an oversight structure to ensure adequate standards arein placeand that ODW systems meet and maintain compliance with standards. The top tier of the management and oversight structure is the Water Quality Oversight Council (WQOC). The WQOC is comprised of members from CNIC, NAVFAC, BUMED, and NAVSEA. CNIC N4, Facilities and Environmental, chairs the WQOC on behalf of the Commander.

The second tier consists of the Regional Water Quality Boards (RWQB), chaired by the Region Commander (REGCOM). The third tier consists of the Installation Water Quality Boards (IWQB), chaired by the respective Installation Commanding Officer (CO).

Drinking Water Systems Inventory

The Navy’s80drinking water systems under the jurisdiction of the EPA are distributed among the Navy Regions as follows:

Southeast14systems

Mid-Atlantic25systems

Naval District Washington14systems

Northwest 7systems

Southwest12systems

Hawaii 6systems

Marianas 2systems

A complete listing of these80drinking water systems is provided in Appendix A.

In 2016, the Navy completed a comprehensive inventory of all domestic sources of drinking water to provide additional understanding of the scope and breadth of the drinking water program within the Navy. Based on the Navy’s inventory, the U.S. regulated inventory decreasedfrom 88 to 80 drinking water systems to align withthe Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD)definitions of a public water system (PWS), non-public water systems (non-PWS), and other PWS. Under the OSD definitions, a regulated PWS in the U.S. must have a unique PWS identification (PWSID) number. This reassessment resulted in the removal of 11 systems from the FY15 inventory and the addition of three systems to the inventory as shown in the following tables.

SYSTEMS REMOVED / REASON
Portsmouth Rangely – Multipurpose #2 / Duplicate reporting, backup well to Multipurpose#1 and part of same system
Coronado NAS North Island / Already reported under another name
Mayport Off Base Housing / Reclassified to “other,” does not have unique PWS ID and are reported under the provider’s PWS ID
Mayport Fuel Depot / Reclassified to “other,” does not have unique PWS ID and are reported under the provider’s PWS ID
Great Lakes Ft Sheridan Public Private Venture (PPV) Housing / Reclassified to “other,” does not have unique PWS ID and are reported under the provider’s PWS ID
Great Lakes Glenview PPV Housing / Reclassified to “other,” does not have unique PWS ID and are reported under the provider’s PWS ID
Port Hueneme Catalina Heights PPV Housing / Not aNavy System, infrastructure maintenance belongs to housing partner, City of Camarillo water performs testing
BRAC Sugar Grove #1 / Reclassified as non-PWS
BRAC Sugar Grove #2 / Closed and transferred to National Security Administration
Monterey Naval Radio Transmitter Facility (NTRF) Dixon / Reclassified as non-PWS
Great Lakes Bratenahl / Not a Navy system, belongs to Defense Finance Accounting Services
REGULATED SYSTEMS UNDER EPA JURISDICTION ADDED / REASON
NAVMAG Indian Island / Existing system, previously unreported
NAS Joint Reserve Base (JRB) Fort Worth / Existing system, previously unreported
Naval Air Weapon Station China Lake – South Range / Existing system, previously misreported as part of the North Range

The Navy’s remaining domestic systems not under the direct jurisdiction of the SDWA are listed in Appendix B. These include both consecutive water systems (water purchased from another PWS) classified as “Other PWS,” and small systems classified as “non-PWS” in accordance with EPA and DOD definitions. While not regulated under the SDWA, "Other PWS" and "non-PWS" systems are still tracked and tested as required under OPNAVINST M-5090.1.

The Navy’s52overseas systems under the primacy of CNIC are distributed among the Navy Regions as follows:

EURAFSWA20systems

Korea 4systems

Japan25systems

Singapore 1system

Southeast 2systems

A complete listing of the 52ODW systems is provided in Appendix C.

The ODW inventory of systems will continue to fluctuate. FY16 observed the closure of Negishi Housing, CFA Yokosuka, Japan and the addition of three water systems: one atCNFK Headquarters Busan, CFA Chinhae; a second water system at NSF Deveselu, Romania; and the 585 Compound on the Italian side of NAS Sigonella NAS II. The WQOC is conducting a comprehensive inventory of all overseas drinking water sources and systems in FY17.

Summary of Water Quality and Exceedances

A system with any exceedance of a health based standard, regardless of duration,is reported as being out of compliance for the entire reporting period.

The 2016EPA national averagefor drinking water system compliance with health-based standards was 92%, a slight increase from the 2015EPA national average of 90%.

Navy Drinking Water Systems under EPA Jurisdiction

In FY16, 94% (75of 80) of the Navy drinking water systems in the U.S. were compliant with health-based standards. This is slight decrease from the 95% compliance reported in FY15; however, there were 17% fewer new exceedances in FY16 compared to FY15.

FiveNavy drinking water systems under the jurisdiction of EPA experienced sixexceedances in FY16. Of the six, the water system at NAS Lemoore, California experienced twoexceedances,one of which wasa continuancefrom FY15. In all cases, Public Notifications were issued and were or will be reported in the respective installation’s Annual Consumer Confidence Report (CCR), distributed annually by 1 July to all consumers. The CCRs are posted to each Region’s website and are directly mailed to consumers. None of the exceedances required boil water notices or provision of alternative drinking water. The FY16 exceedances were:

NAS Corpus Christi: Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM)

NAVSTA Mayport: Total Coliform

NALF Fentress: Total Coliform

NAS Lemoore: Total Coliform

NAS Lemoore: TTHM, recurring since 2008

JB Pearl Harbor-Hickam: Total Coliform

All six of the exceedances have been resolved. Two of thetotal coliform exceedances, one at NALF Fentress and one for JB Pearl Harbor-Hickam, wereresolved throughflushing the lines and correcting the sampling standard operating procedures. The total coliform exceedance at NAVSTA Mayport was corrected witha revision tostandard notification procedures to ensure timely notifications. The total coliform exceedance at NAS Lemoore was resolved through additional chlorination. In April 2016, the coliform rule was revised by the EPA. Under the revised rule, the four FY16 total coliform exceedances would not have been considered exceedances if they had occurred after April 2016.

The TTHM exceedance at NAS Corpus Christi was resolved with the addition of line flushing. The TTHM exceedances atNAS Lemoore had been a long standing issue; withthe completion of improvements to system maintenance and operation,the system is now meeting regulatory requirements. A detailed discussion of each water system exceedance and corrective action taken is provided in Appendix D.

Navy ODW Systems

During FY16, 79% (41of 52) of ODW systems were compliant with health-based standards;which is an increase from the 76% compliance reported in FY15. New exceedances were reduced by 50%. In all cases, Public Notifications were properly issued, and were or will be reported in the installation’s annual CCR. Alternate drinking water was provided as required at locations not meeting health-based standards. The FY16 exceedances of health-based standards were:

NSA Naples, Olde Mill Inn Gaeta: Turbidity

NAS Sigonella, NAS I: Bromate

NSF Deveselu, Main Site: Chlorine

NAVCOMDET Chinhae: Total Coliform

Tri-Service Hangar, Pohang: Total Coliform

CNFK Headquarters Busan: Copper

NSF Diego Garcia, Cantonment and Air Ops, British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT): TTHM and Haloacetic Acid (HAA5) exceedances, recurring since December 2006

NSF Diego Garcia, T-Site, BIOT: TTHM and HAA5 exceedances, recurring since December 2006

NSF Diego Garcia, I-Site, BIOT: TTHM and HAA5 exceedances, recurring since December 2006

NSF Diego Garcia, GEODSS, BIOT: TTHM and HAA5 exceedances, recurring since December 2006

NAF Misawa, Hachinohe, Japan: Vinyl Chloride exceedance since July 2014

Of the11ODW systemsnot meeting health-based standards, three were resolved this year. The chlorine exceedance at NSF Deveselu (Main Site) was resolved by providing additional operator training. The bromate exceedance at NAS Sigonella (NASI) was resolved through a piping replacement project. The vinyl chloride exceedance at NAF Misawa, Hachinohe was resolved with infrastructure replacement. Of the remaining eight ongoing exceedances, four are expected to be resolved in FY17. A detailed discussion of each water system health-based exceedance and corrective action taken follows in Appendix E. Alternate drinking water is being provided in all cases where the water is not fit for human consumption (FFHC).

Sampling and Testing for Lead in Priority Areas

Per OPNAVINST M-5090.1, testing is required for all drinking water coolers and other specified outlets in priority areas, such as schools and child development centers. On 8 February 2014, OPNAV N45 issued a policy memorandum, Sampling and Testing for Lead in Drinking Water in Priority Areas (LIPA), which outlinestesting requirements and clarifies guidance in OPNAVINST M-5090.1.

Baseline sampling was reported in FY14 and corrective actions were completed in FY15 for all baseline exceedances. However, in Rota, Spain elevated lead levels were still observedat 12 outlets in the DODEA High School during LIPA resamplingfollowing the FY15 corrective actions. The installation conducted further remedial efforts in FY16 and removed the lead source from 8 of the 12 outlets. The fourremaining outlets in classrooms and laboratory sinks where water would not normally be consumed,were secured asthe sampling results indicate a lead source is still impacting these outlets. In accordance with established public affairs guidance, all sample results were shared with the school and child-care staffs and parents to directly address any questions or concerns. No concerns have been raised to date.

In FY16, CFA Sasebo had funds available and performed recurring sampling required by FY19. The remaining FY16 LIPA sampling conducted was associated with new construction or remodeling efforts at CFA Chinhae, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, Joint Expeditionary Base (JEB) Little Creek, and NSA Mechanicsburg. Of these locations, remodeling at Chinhae required remedial follow up due to elevated sample results. Corrective action, resolved in December 2016, involved importing and installing lead free fixtures from the U.S.

Resampling is required by the policy every five years and has been spread out between FY18 and FY19 so that no installation exceeds the five-year mark. Only sampling associated with remodeling and fixture replacement is anticipated in the interim years. If existing funding controls allow, some installations may bring their FY18 planned sampling forward into FY17. Results from recurring LIPA sampling will be summarized in annual reports.

Sampling and Testing for Perfluorochemicals