Moon Pie Packet #2

Moon Pie Packet #2: Questions by Boston University, Oklahoma, and David Moore

Tossups:

1.Under non ideal conditions it can be corrected by using the fugacity and activity coefficients. The Gibbs-Duhem equation proves that if it holds for one member of a binary solution it must also hold for the other, while for low solute concentration the solute is more accurately described by Henry’s Law. Azeotropes are a result of deviations from, FTP, what law relating the vapor pressure of a solution to those of its constituents.

ANS:Raoult’s Law

2.Their name can also refer to artisans or craftsmen, making historical texts unclear. It's believed that these people or their ancestors may have sacked Teotihuacan, and before settling they merged with the Nonoalca. Some of their rulers included Huetzin, Matlacoatzin, Ihuitimal, and their last ruler Huemac, and they were finally wiped out around AD 1200 by the nomadic Chichimecs. Their greatest ruler was Topiltzin Ce Acatl Quetzalcoatl, who moved their capital to Tollan. FTP, name this pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilization.

ANS:Toltecs OR Telteca

3.One of this man’s works ends with Rubek and Irene dying in an avalanche. He spent nine years working on a play that he considered his masterwork about Julian, whose tyrannical means to stop Christianity inadvertently helping its rise, titled Emperor and Galilean. In one well-known work Dr. Stockmann lobbies to close the medicinal baths, while another sees Krogstad blackmail Torvald's wife Nora, who at the end says, "I don't believe any longer in wonderful things happening," and an 1867 work famously featured incidental music by Edvard Grieg. FTP, name this Norwegian author of Peer Gynt, An Enemy of the People, Ghosts, and A Doll's House.

ANS:Henrik Johan Ibsen

4.Among the many terms in his title include “Lord of All Beasts of the Earth and Fishes of the Sea.” In 1971, he staged a coup against the government of Milton Obote, 5 years ofter Obote had made him commander of the nation’s military. Shortly after, he called for the expulsion of all Asians in the country, but was forced into exile in Saudi Arabia when the capital was invaded by Tanzanian troops. FTP, name this Ugandan Dictator who ordered the persecution and deaths of over 300,000 minorities.

ANS:Idi Amin Dada

5.They're generated by systems where the second time derivative of the stress-energy tensor's quadruple moment is nonzero, and the sticky bead argument shows that they must carry energy. Measurements from the Hulse-Taylor system provided the first indirect evidence for their existence. Weber bars can be used to detect them, though they've been largely replaced by laser interferometers, such as the proposed LISA, which will have five million kilometer long arms and be in space. FTP, name these fluctuations in spacetime caused by massive moving objects.

ANS:gravitational waves

6.After his death, a dwarf Litr and his wife were borne to the funeral pyre on his ship Hringhorni. He is sometimes compared to Christ, because, according to the Völuspá, he will return after Ragnarok to usher in a new era of peace.. An attempt as made to rescue him from Hel, but Loki interfered by posing as a giantess who would not weep. The father of Forseti and the god of innocence, beauty, and peace, FTP, name this second son of Odin who was killed by a dart made of mistletoe.

ANS:Baldr

7.He was the Motor City Bowl MVP back in 1998, after leading the Thundering Herd to a 48-29 victory over Louisville. Drafted 2 years later in the 1st round, he signed a 7 year, 64.2 million dollar contract prior to 2004 after returning from a fracture in his hand the year before. He would lose the entire 2005 season due a rotator cuff injury, but would come back strong the following year, securing a playoff berth for his team. The 2006 NFL Comeback Player of the Year, FTP, name this quarterback of the New York Jets.

ANS:Chad Pennington

8.Based on a play by Victorien Sardou, the composer was inspired by seeing it in Milan in 1887 with Sarah Bernhardt as the title character. It opens in a church with the titular character’s lover painting a model of an escaped prisoner’s sister praying for his release. Later the titular character kills the police officer Scarpio in order to prevent him from raping her, but her lover Mario Cavaradossi is killed for not revealing the hiding spot of the escaped prisoner. Based off a libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa, FTP, name this opera by Giacomo Puccini.

ANS:Tosca

9.The largest island in it, Olkhon, is 72 kilometers wide. It is fed by the Selenga and Chikoy rivers, among others. Surrounding it is a group of mountains by the same name, which contain the origin of the Lena River. Only one river empties it, the Angara, which eventually flows into the Yensai river. In total colume it exceeds all 5 of the North American Great Lakes combined. The closest city to it, lying near the southeast end, is Irkutsk. FTP, name this deepest and largest freshwater lake by volume, located in Russia.

ANS:Lake Baikal

10.By studying Israeli kibbutzes, he suggested that about six percent of a population would choose socialism, while in 1969 he introduced the philosophical community to Newcomb's Paradox, later popularized by Martin Gardner; that and more can be found in his collection SocraticPuzzles. His last book before his 2002 death probed the effects of quantum mechanics on understandings of truth and was titled Invariances. In 1989's The Examined Life, he distanced himself from some of the most extreme sections of his seminal 1974 work, which included the Wilt Chamberlain example and directly challenged Rawls' A Theory of Justice. FTP, name this libertarian scholar who wrote Anarchy, State, and Utopia.

ANS:Robert Nozick

11.Its discoverer offered it in a 1764 paper as a solution to a problem of inverse probability. It offers a solution to the Monty Hall problem by allowing the input of both the prior probability and the posterior probability. FTP, name this theorem that states that the conditional probability of A given B is equal to the conditional probability of B given A multiplied the probability of A divided by the probability of B.

ANS:Bayes Theorem

12.Although James wishes to visit the titular place from the very beginning of the novel, and is indeed told by his mother that he should be able to the next day despite his own predictions that the weather won’t clear, it takes ten years for him to reach it. Within that time, his sister Prue dies in childbirth, his brother Andrew dies in World War I, and his mother, Mrs. Ramsay dies suddenly in the night. Centering around a family living in a summer house off the coast of Scotland, FTP, name this novel written in 1927 by Virginia Woolf?

ANS:To the Lighthouse

13.Among the genes that encode it in humans are RPS27A, UBB, and UBC. Highly conserved across species, Angelman syndrome and Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome both disrupts a ligase associated with it. It is activated by adenylation before being attached to lysine residues of other proteins to perform its primary function. Also important in signal transduction, FTP, name this small 76 amino acid protein used to designate proteins for degradation in the proteosome.

ANS:Ubiquitin

14.In The Structure of Social Action, he attempted to combine the ideas of Weber, Pareto, and Durkheim to form a single action theory. Another of his ideas was the division of society into two dimensions: instrumental and expressive. In one of his most famous formulations, there are four mediums of exchange corresponding to each system: money, power, influence, and commitment. Creator of the AGIL paradigm, FTP, name this American advocator of structural functionalism

ANS:Talcott Parsons

15.We learn that his first name is John in a comment by Colonel Korn. Portrayed by Alan Arkin in a 1970 film adaptation, he complains to suffer from Garnett-Fleischaker syndrome among other liver ailments. Despite being Armenian, he claims at one point to actually be Assyrian. Other of his exploits include trying to plot an emergency in Switzerland to avoid having to complete his missions. Eventually stabbed by Nately’s Whore, FTP, name this character in Closing Time and Catch-22, created by Joseph Heller.

ANS:John Yossarian

16.In Chinese it is known as Laorenxing, it is approximately 310 lightyears away from Earth. Generally only visible south of 37°N latitude and located 36° below Sirius, its temperature is between 6000 and 8000 Kelvin, while it is massive enough that it might form a neon-oxygen white dwarf. A yellow-white F class supergiant and named for the pilot of Menelaus, FTP name this second brightest star in the nighttime sky, found in the Carina constellation.

ANS:Canopus

17.His master's thesis at Harvard was on the subject of when the British magistrate could be lawfully resisted, and after graduation he wrote political essays for the Independent Advertiser. The coiner of the term "Boston Massacre", following the death of John Hancock, he became Governor of Massachusetts, though he's better known for protesting the Intolerable Acts by organizing the Boston Tea Party. FTP, name this brewer, oft overshadowed by his cousin, the second president.

ANS:Samuel Adams

18.He painted several Cloissonist works after viewing many Japanese prints, including The Yellow Christ. After working in Brittany, he died in Polynesia of syphilis before he could serve a three-month prison sentence. In one of his most famous works groups of people sit on the ground conversing while a central figure stands with his arms stretched upwards, staring at the sky. FTP, name this French painter of Tahitian Woman (On the Beach) and Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?

ANS:Paul Gauguin

19.The narrator has a dream where he shoots a white bear, who sits down and says "Ah", foreshadowing the work's climactic murder. According to the foreword, the title character died in childbirth on Christmas Day after marrying Richard F. Schiller and suggests that the book should be subtitled "The Confessions of a White Widowed Male". Earlier, the narrator moved to Ramsdale and marries a woman named Charlotte Haze, though he's more interested in Dolores, who he calls the "light of my life, fire of my loins". Humbert Humbert pursues a nymphette in, FTP, what novel by Vladimir Nabokov?

ANS:Lolita

20.Harry Truman vetoed it, calling it a “slave labor” bill, but was overridden by Congress. The Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act reinforced its ban of secondary boycotts. Other provisions of the act include outlawing closed shops and require sixty days notification before a strike by unions. Most recently used during a lockout of the International Longshore and Warehouse Union, FTP, name this amendment to the Wagner Act, named for its two sponsors.

ANS:Taft-Hartley Act or Labor-Management Relations Act

21.The "yellow book" central to this novel is likely Joris-Karl Huysman's À Rebours. Beginning with a short preface that compares the reaction against both realism and romanticism to Caliban looking in a mirror, in the penultimate chapter, the title character romances Hetty, an innkeeper's daughter, and discusses the suicide of Alan Campbell, who he had blackmailed. His life had earlier been threatened by James Vane, who looked to avenge his sister Sibyl. Basil Hallward created the title object and was killed after he saw that it changed. FTP, name this retelling of Faust about a beautiful man who doesn't age, written by Oscar Wilde.

ANS:The Picture of Dorian Gray

22.Its borders haven't land to increase his prestige despite having never been there, while its first constitution was written after the collapse of the Confederation of the Rhine. In 1868 it disbanded its 80-man army and declared permanent neutrality, though it technically remained at war with Prussia despite no battles ever taking place, and in 2007 it was invaded by the Swiss, apparently accidentally. FTP, name this European microstate nestled between Switzerland and Austria.

ANS:Principality of Liechtenstein

23.Remidios the beauty is so beautiful that one morning when doing laundry she simply rose into the sky. Aureliano, the illegitimate son of his father of the same name and his aunt, Amaranta Ursula, is born with a pig's tail, and is eaten by ants. This ends the line of Jose Arcadio Buendia and Ursula Iguardan, whose family ans their life on the plantation is chronicled in, FTP, which book set in Columbia written by Gabriel Garcia Marquez?

ANS:One Hundred Years of Solitude or Cien años de soledad

Boston U. (2) Bonuses:

1.Answer the following about the Laws of Thermodynamics, FTPE.

(10) This Law states that if two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are both in equilibrium with each other.

ANS:Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

(10) This law was claimed to be violated by Maxwell’s Demon.

ANS:Second Law of Thermodynamics

(10) The Third Law of Thermodynamics was formulated by this scientist whose eponymous equation gives the electrode potential of battery half-cells.

ANS:Walther Hermann Nernst

2.Name these members of Richard Nixon's cabinet FTPE:

(10) In 1973, Nixon promoted this gravelly-voiced German from National Security Advisor to Secretary of State. He remained there through the Ford Administration.

ANS:Henry Alfred Kissinger OR Heinz Alfred Kissinger

(10) This man had been Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare and Defense before being appointed Attorney General in May of 1973. He was fired five months later in the Saturday Night Massacre.

ANS:Elliot Lee Richardson

(10) This former Michigan governor was briefly a front-runner for the 1968 Republican nomination. He served as Housing and Urban Development Secretary for all of Nixon's first term.

ANS:George Wilcken Romney

3.Answer these questions about a Jewish holiday FTSNOP

(10) This holiday, celebrated in early spring, celebrates the Jewish Exodus from Egypt under the guidance of Moses.

ANS:Passover

(10) This is the name of the piece of Matzo that is hidden at the beginning of a Passover Sedar and eaten at the end of the meal. Many Jewish children excitedly search for it with the promise of reward for the one who finds it.

ANS:Afikomen

(10) Passover is one of the three pilgrim festivals when all the Jews made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem at the time of the Temple of Jerusalem. Name either of the other two.

ANS:Sukkot (accept Tabernacles) and Shavuot (accept Pentecost)

4.Answer the following about auction theory FTPE:

(10) This is the term for the phenomenon in common value auctions where the eventual purchaser will likely be the bidder who most overestimated the true value of the good, resulting in overpayment.

ANS:the winner's curse

(10) The most common type of auction, this format begins with the auctioneer announcing a bid and then steadily increasing it until only one bidder is left.

ANS:English ascending-bid auction OR open-outcry auction OR open ascending-bid auction

(10) This man won the 1996 Nobel Prize in Economics for his work applying game theory to auctions, including the sealed-bid, second-price auctions that are now named for him.

ANS:William Spencer Vickrey

5.Answer these questions about Italian artists who may have something in common, FTPE

(10) Some of his lesser known works include The Holy Infants Embracing and Madonna Litta, but he is better known for a work depicting Lisa Gheredini and Virgin of the Rocks

ANS:Leonardo DaVinci

(10) This man sculpted St. Mark which stands at the interior niche of Oranmichele church in Florence as well as a bronze statue of David.

ANS:Donatello or Donato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi

(10) This man created many works for the papacy, including Portrait of Pope Julius II as well as wall decoration for the Sistene Chapel. He is more famous for a work depicting Plato and Aristotle though.

ANS:Raphael or Raffaello Sanzio or Raffaello Santi or Raffaello da Urbino

6.Answer the following about Klingons FTPE.

(10) This Klingon appeared in more Star Trek episodes than any other character, having been a regular on both Next Generation and Deep Space Nine.

ANS:Worf, son of Mogh

(10) This is traditional Klingon weapon for close combat. Crescent-shaped, legend states that Kahless forged the first one out of a lock of his hair.

ANS:the bat'leth

(10) The Federation and the Klingon Empire signed of the Khitomer Accords, their historic peace treaty, after the Klingon homeworld was devastated by the explosion of this moon.

ANS:Praxis

7.Answer the following about works by Edgar Allen Poe, FTPE.

(10) In this poem the titular object replies “nevermore” to each of the narrators questions.

ANS:“The Raven”

(10) In this story the protagonist is hung after confessing to killing a wealthy man with a candle that gives off poisonous vapors many years yearlier.