Final Review
By the way….
Make SURE to study your previous exams!
1.What are the four characteristics of a chordate?
2.What are the three subphyla in the Phylum Chordata?
3.Who is the founder of modern taxonomy? What two things are accredited to him?
4. What are the four parts of evolution by natural selection?
5.What are the three types of fish scales? Describe.
6. ______are the class of fish that were a precursor to tetrapods.
7.The ______is the age of fishes.
8.What are the three extant orders of Amphibians?
9. Amphibian means ______. While Lissamphibia means
______.
10.What are the three theories of why fish moved to land?
11. ______is the age of Amphibians.
12. What is the main reason that amphibians are still tied to water?
13. ______is the age of reptiles.
14.What are the four extant orders of reptiles?
15.T/F Retiles are a monophyletic group.
16. ______is a transitional fossil with mixed features of fish and tetrapods.
17. Amniotes differ in the number of ______(skull openings). What are the three types?
18. Molecular and morphological data support two squamate lineages: ______and
______. Serpentes and Amphisbaenia are nested within ______.
19. ______is the fossil with bird and reptile characteristics.
20. What are the three theories of flight evolution?
21. Birds evolved from ______dinosaurs.
22.______means two sets of teeth(baby and adult), ______dentition means different kinds of teeth(canines, molars, etc.).
23. What are the three major anatomical changes that occurred with mammals?
24.What are the two types of bones?
25. Why are intercalated disks important?
26. ______-- retention of larval characteristics.
27. What are the three types of blood cells?
28.Fish use ______current exchange of O2.
29. ______are the order of salamanders who are lungless.
30. ______is the outer layer of skin, and ______is the inner layer.
31.Shedding in reptiles= ______, and shedding in birds=______.
32. ______is the master center of the brain.
33. The parathyroid produces ______hormone which controls calcium in blood.
34. What are the two types of polygamy?
35.______: live birth, ______:embryo in structure outside body, ______: combination
36.The ______is the largest gland in the body, its a chemical factory, storage depot of digested materials and site of detoxification.
37.What are pancreatic juice and bile rich in that aids in neutralization of stomach acid?
38.Foods are transported through the digestive system and experience ______and ______breakdown.
39. What are three water conservation measures?
40.Wastes are extracted from blood by the ______:the functional unit of the kidney.
41. What are the three types of neurons? Describe.
42. ______taste warns of toxicity.
43.If pressure is sustained the ______adjusts.
44.What did the vertebrate ear originate as?
45.What are the four pupil shapes? What are they used for?
46.______are used in dim light and ______are used for color vision.
47.What are the four types of swimming locomotion? Describe?
48.What are the three types of instability? Describe.
49.The two forces that to be generated by swimming are ______(counteracts force of gravity), and ______(forward/backward motion in a horizontal plane.
50.What does Bernoulli’s Principle? How is it applied to flight locomotion?
51.What are the three powered fliers that developed?
52. What are the two types of soaring?
53.What are the five general types of locomotion? Match these terms with the corresponding type…cursorial, saltatorial, scansorial.
54. There are four crawling types of locomotion…what are they and describe them.
55.______: to act, react, or function in a particular way in response to a stimulus.
56. ______behavior is developmentally fixed, has genetic and environmental underpinnings, ex: baby bird begging for food.
57. What are the two types of conditioning?
58. What is altruism?
59. What’s the difference between a home range and territory?
60. Increased ______is the ultimate benefit to a territory.
61.What are some ways to defend a territory?
62.______signals are ideal for communication over long distances, are easy to locate, can be sent without need for sight.
63.What are some disadvantages of chemical markings as communication?
64.______is a one-way trip, and ______is a seasonal round trip.
65.______species hatch in a river, while adults live majority of their lives in a marine environment, and return to freshwater to breed, lay eggs, and die. Salmon, for example.
66.For migration, ______is key. ______(annual) and ______(daily) rhythm are both reset by this.
67.What are the four chemical colors?
68.______changes are when color changes from young to adult, ______changes are found in birds and mammals primarily, especially in the arctic, and ______changes happen within hours, days or minutes.
69. ______coloration serves as predator avoidance where the animal confuses the predator.
70.______is the manufacture of complex substances from simpler substrates with the consequent utilization.
71.Mating behavior does what three things?
72. ______young are born helpless.
73.______: temperature of organism determined by temp of environment.
74.Is heat or cold harder to deal with? How is it dealt with usually?
75.Temperature zone in which animal requires minimum amount of energy for temp regulation?
76.What are the three types of dormancy?
77.What are the three steps to enter hibernation?