Lijie Zhao, Meng Zhou, Tao Zhang, Hongwen Sun*

Poly- and perfluorinated chemicals in the precipitation and runoff from cities across the east and central China

Supplementary Information

Lijie Zhao, Meng Zhou, Tao Zhang, Hongwen Sun*

MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes andEnvironmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, NankaiUniversity, Tianjin 300071,China

*Corresponding author: Hongwen Sun

College of Environmental Science and Engineering, NankaiUniversity

94 Weijin Street, Tianjin, 300071, China

Tel: 86-22-23509241

Fax: 86-22-23509241

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Table SM 1Meteorological condition and prosperities of the precipitation samples collected across the east and centralChina
Parameters
Sampling
sites / Sampling meteorological condition / Characteristic of precipitation samples
Temperature
(oC) / Degree days / Humidity (%) / Sea level pressure
(hPa) / Wind speed (Km h-1) / Wind direction / Visibility (Km) / Particle content (mg L-1) / pH / Salinity / TOC
(mg L-1)
Xiqing / -6 / 44 / 77 / 1030.49 / 9 / Southeast / 6.8 / 0.026 / 7.1 / 1.02 / 3.387
Shuanggang / -6 / 44 / 77 / 1030.49 / 9 / Southeast / 6.8 / 0.056 / 6.5 / 1.017 / 5.915
Xianshuigu / -6 / 44 / 77 / 1030.49 / 9 / Southeast / 6.8 / 0.146 / 7.5 / 1.018 / 4.787
Lutai / -6 / 44 / 77 / 1030.49 / 9 / Southeast / 6.8 / 0.076 / 6.6 / 1.019 / 3.985
Tanggu / -6 / 44 / 77 / 1030.49 / 9 / Southeast / 6.8 / 0.020 / 6.6 / 1.018 / 5.325
Nankai / -6 / 44 / 77 / 1030.49 / 9 / Southeast / 6.8 / 0.142 / 7.1 / 1.017 / 2.764
Hebei / -6 / 44 / 77 / 1030.49 / 9 / Southeast / 6.8 / 0.060 / 7.4 / 1.018 / 2.598
Hongqiao / -6 / 44 / 77 / 1030.49 / 9 / Southeast / 6.8 / 0.034 / 7.0 / 1.015 / 2.430
Guangan / 9 / 18 / 73 / 1018.54 / 7 / Northeast / 7.2 / 0.024 / 5.4 / 1.016 / 4.909
Weifang / -2 / 37 / 56 / 1026.91 / 6 / Southwest / 8.9 / 0.058 / 6.3 / 1.019 / 6.213
Taian / -2 / 36 / 73 / 1028.00 / 4 / Southeast / 5.2 / 0.122 / 6.3 / 1.018 / 4.434
Langfang / -5 / 42 / 66 / 1030.33 / 8 / Southeast / 9.6 / 0.088 / 6.3 / 1.02 / 9.278
Changchun / -22 / 73 / 58 / 1025.87 / 10 / West / 8.0 / 0.034 / 6.4 / 1.018 / 4.238
Jilin / -22 / 73 / 58 / 1025.87 / 10 / West / 8.0 / 0.124 / 6.4 / 1.02 / 7.893
Yichang / 7 / 21 / 90 / 1021.31 / 8 / Northeast / 3.8 / 0.003 / 6.8 / 1.017 / 7.179
Tianmen / 7 / 21 / 90 / 1021.31 / 8 / Northeast / 3.8 / 0.046 / 6.7 / 1.018 / 11.360
Anqing / 7 / 21 / 82 / 1023.10 / 14 / Southeast / 4.3 / 0.020 / 6.5 / 1.019 / 3.918
Kaifeng / -1 / 35 / 79 / 1026.31 / 15 / Northeast / 2.3 / 0.003 / 6.2 / 1.018 / 3.399
Xuzhou / 4 / 26 / 75 / 1024.03 / 12 / Northeast / 3.5 / 0.020 / 6.3 / 1.018 / 11.630
Table SM 2Analyte formulas, molecular weights, acronyms, ions monitored for LC–MS/MS, and conditions of cone voltages and collision energies.
Analyte formula / Molecular weight / Acronym (short formula) / Precursor ion (m/z) / Product ion (m/z) / Cone voltage (V) / Collision energy (V)
CF3(CF2)2COOH / 214 / PFBA / 213.0 / 168.9 / 10 / 8
CF3(CF2)3COOH / 264 / PFPeA / 262.9 / 218.9 / 10 / 9
CF3(CF2)4COOH / 314 / PFHxA / 313.1 / 269.3 / 10 / 8
CF3(CF2)5COOH / 364 / PFHpA / 363.2 / 318.9 / 8 / 10
CF3(CF2)6COOH / 414 / PFOA / 412.9 / 368.8 / 13 / 9
CF3(CF2)7COOH / 464 / PFNA / 462.9 / 418.9 / 13 / 10
CF3(CF2)8COOH / 514 / PFDA / 512.9 / 468.9 / 13 / 13
CF3(CF2)9COOH / 564 / PFUnDA / 563.3 / 518.9 / 16 / 8
CF3(CF2)10COOH / 614 / PFDoDA / 613.5 / 569.1 / 17 / 9
CF3(CF2)3SO3H / 300 / PFBS / 298.9 / 79.7/98.7 / 35 / 38/15
CF3(CF2)5SO3H / 400 / PFHxS / 399.0 / 79.9 / 37 / 45
CF3(CF2)7SO3H / 500 / PFOS / 499.0 / 79.9/99.0 / 40 / 40/15
CF3(CF2)5CH2COOH / 358 / 6:2 FTUCA / 357.1 / 293.1 / 15 / 12
CF3(CF2)7CH2COOH / 458 / 8:2 FTUCA / 457.0 / 393.0 / 15 / 13
CF3(CF2)2 CH2CH2COOH / 242 / 3:3 acid / 241.0 / 177.4 / 13 / 7
CF3(CF2)3 CH2CH2COOH / 292 / 4:3 acid / 291.1 / 187 / 10 / 10
CF3(CF2)4CH2CH2COOH / 342 / 5:3 acid / 341.3 / 237.2 / 15 / 9
CF3(CF2)6 CH2CH2COOH / 442 / 7:3 acid / 441.0 / 337.3 / 13 / 7
CF3(CF2)7SO2NH2 / 499 / FOSA / 498.2 / 78.0 / 40 / 23
CF3(CF2)7SO2NHCH3 / 513 / n-Me-FOSA / 512.2 / 169.2 / 35 / 15
CF3(CF2)7SO2NHCH2CH3 / 527 / n-Et-FOSA / 526.1 / 168.9 / 32 / 15
CF3(CF2)7SO2NCH3CH2COOH / 571 / n-Me-FOSAA / 570.1 / 414.1 / 25 / 12
CF3(CF2)7SO2NCH2CH3CH2COOH / 585 / n-Et-FOSAA / 584.1 / 414.1 / 25 / 12
13CF3(13CF2)613COOH / 422 / 13C8-PFOA / 421.2 / 376.0 / 13 / 9
CF3(CF2)3 (13CF2)4SO3Na / 526 / 13C4-PFOS / 503.2 / 79.9 / 40 / 40
CF3(CF2)713CH213COOH / 460 / 13C2-8:2 FTUCA / 459.0 / 395.0 / 15 / 13
13C5-CF3(CF2)7SO2NHCH2CH3 / 532 / 13C5-N-Et-FOSA / 531.1 / 174.1 / 32 / 15
13C5-CF3(CF2)7SO2NCH2CH3CH2COOH / 589 / 13C5-N-Et-FOSAA / 589.1 / 419.0 / 25 / 12
Table SM 3 Recoveriesand method detection limits of the individual analytes in the rain and snow
Compounds / Snow from Changchun, Jilin (n=3) / Rain from Guangan, Sichuan (n=3)
Recovery
(%) ± RSD / LOD
(ng L-1) / LOQ
(ng L-1) / Recovery
(%) ± RSD / LOD
(ng L-1) / LOQ
(ng L-1)
PFBA / 52.8±3.2 / 0.07 / 0.23 / 58.0±4.8 / 0.06 / 0.21
PFPeA / 76.3±4.1 / 0.12 / 0.40 / 69.6±2.7 / 0.10 / 0.34
PFHxA / 84.3±3.1 / 0.16 / 0.54 / 88.0 ±3.4 / 0.13 / 0.43
PFHpA / 90.5± 3.7 / 0.16 / 0.54 / 89.3 ±2.8 / 0.13 / 0.43
PFOA / 106.0 ±5.2 / 0.19 / 0.63 / 112.8 ± 4.1 / 0.15 / 0.51
PFNA / 90.1 ±3.5 / 0.40 / 1.32 / 89.5 ±3.8 / 0.32 / 1.07
PFDA / 96.7 ± 4.4 / 0.042 / 0.14 / 92.7 ± 3.3 / 0.05 / 0.15
PFUnDA / 93.2 ± 2.9 / 0.76 / 2.50 / 96.1 ± 5.2 / 0.69 / 2.29
PFDoDA / 85.8 ± 4.0 / 0.79 / 2.62 / 88.7 ± 4.7 / 0.74 / 2.45
PFBS / 62.6±6.3 / 0.60 / 1.99 / 69.5±4.4 / 0.72 / 2.40
PFHxS / 78.9±4.7 / 0.12 / 0.38 / 72.2±3.4 / 0.17 / 0.58
PFOS / 102 ± 3.3 / 0.10 / 0.34 / 98.3 ± 3.5 / 0.11 / 0.37
6:2 FTUCA / 82.4±3.8 / 0.81 / 2.69 / 85.6±5.6 / 0.74 / 2.47
8:2 FTUCA / 91.6 ± 4.2 / 0.61 / 2.02 / 97.6 ± 5.5 / 0.70 / 2.33
FOSA / 63.5±5.8 / 0.13 / 0.44 / 69.3±3.7 / 0.64 / 2.14
n-Me-FOSA / 73.1±4.6 / 0.14 / 0.47 / 75.5±2.3 / 0.22 / 0.73
n-Et-FOSA / 75.8±4.2 / 0.44 / 1.46 / 73.6±4.6 / 0.13 / 0.45
n-Me-FOSAA / 76.9±3.3 / 0.13 / 0.43 / 80.0±4.2 / 0.53 / 1.77
n-Et-FOSAA / 79.2±5.1 / 0.17 / 0.57 / 84.1±4.9 / 0.25 / 0.85
3: 3 Acid / 72.4±4.9 / 1.04 / 3.45 / 70.7±5.2 / 0.20 / 0.67
4: 3 Acid / 76.4±2.4 / 1.37 / 4.55 / 78.9±4.2 / 0.89 / 2.97
5: 3 Acid / 81.0±4.0 / 0.85 / 2.82 / 77.3±4.8 / 1.12 / 3.74
7: 3 Acid / 85.3±2.2 / 1.05 / 3.51 / 80.4±3.6 / 0.99 / 3.28
Table SM 4 Meteorological condition and prosperities of the precipitation samples collectedin Tianjin
Parameters
Sampling
data / Sampling meteorological condition / Characteristic of precipitation samples
Temperature
(oC) / Degree days / Humidity (%) / Sea level pressure
(hPa) / Wind speed (Km h-1) / Wind direction / Visibility (Km) / Rainfall
Capacity
(mm) / Particle content (mg L-1) / pH / Salinity / TOC
(mg L-1)
Jan. 2 / -7 / 46 / 83 / 1025.57 / 12 / East / 4.4 / 0.3 / 0.071 / 7.1 / 1.019 / 2.764
Feb. 8 / -1 / 36 / 84 / 1019.35 / 5 / Southeast / 2.0 / <0.1 / 0.041 / 6.1 / 1.016 / 11.36
Feb. 22 / 0 / 34 / 72 / 1018.40 / 12 / Southeast / 5.6 / <0.1 / 0.042 / 7.6 / 1.018 / 16.84
May 3 / 18 / 15 / 57 / 1006.83 / 17 / East / 5.5 / <0.1 / 0.076 / 6.6 / 1.017 / 5.351
May 16 / 18 / 13 / 79 / 1013.98 / 13 / Southeast / 3.2 / 3.2 / 0.129 / 7.6 / 1.016 / 4.054
June 9 / 25 / 27 / 53 / 1013.42 / 11 / East / 4.7 / <0.1 / 0.071 / 7.7 / 1.017 / 10.53
June 18 / 20 / 18 / 89 / 1003.04 / 11 / Northeast / 2.2 / 4.7 / 0.09 / 7.2 / 1.019 / 3.042
July 1 / 22 / 22 / 93 / 999.63 / 9 / North / 1.2 / 18.7 / 0.055 / 7.2 / 1.018 / 5.225
July 9 / 26 / 29 / 73 / 1006.11 / 13 / Southeast / 4.9 / 16.9 / 0.029 / 7.5 / 1.018 / 3.578