Plants and the Conquest of Land
Supplemental Instruction
IowaStateUniversity / Leader: / Adam
Course: / Biology 211
Instructor: / Dr. Holscher
Date:
- The green algae called ______are the closest relative of land plants.
 - Cyanbacteria
 - Liverworts
 - Charophyceans
 - Hornworts
 
Key Traits shared with land plants:
1.
2.
3.
- Distinctive feature of land plants include which of the following?
 - Reproductive cells called sponges
 - No alternation of generations
 - Apical Meristems
 - Paternally dependent embryos
 
- Alteration of Generations
 
All plants go through a sporic life cycle that is also called an “alternation of generations” life cycle
In alternation of generations the plant cycles through a “multicellular______gametophyte stage that produces ______, and a multicellular______sporophyte stage that produces ______”
 The ______produced in alternation are eggs produced in female structures called archegonia, while ______are produced in male structures called antheridia
Spores produced in alternation of generation are haploid cells that “germinate” and produce the multicellular haploid ______stage by the process of mitosis
In alternation of generations the haploid sperm cell and the haploid egg cell ______to produce the diploid zygote that develops into the multicellular diploid sporophyte stage through the process of mitosis
Haploid spores are produced in the ______by the process of meiosis
- Which are all earth’s simplest land plants informally know as bryophytes. (circle all that apply)
 - Liverworts (1st 3)
 - Mosses
 - Hornworts
 - Antheridia
 
Key Traits:
------Quiz material------
*Land plants can be divided into two large groups based on presence or absence of a vascular system
- In all Nonvascular bryophytes the gametophytes are ______, than the sporophytes.(2n)
 - Larger
 - Smaller
 - Similar
 - In all Vascular plants the sporophyte is ______, than the gametophyte.
 - Larger
 - Smaller
 - Similar
 - Vascular plants are also referred to as ______.
 - Gametophyte
 - Sporangia
 - Tracheophytes
 - Xylophytes
 
Key benefits of vascular tissue:
- Seedless vascular plants include (circle all that apply)
 - Lycophtyes
 - Pteridophytes
 - Adamophytes
 - Notitophyes
 - Vascular Tissue occur in _____, ______, and ______.
 - Stems have two types of vascular tissue
 - Can vascular plants grow in both moist and dry habitats?
 
- Seed Plants: (spermatophytes) Most plants today are this type
 - Angiosperms-
 
- Gymnosperms-
 
- Today’s coal came from what?
 - Decayed moss from the Mesozoic period
 - Decayed colonial bacterium from the Proterozoix period.
 - Decayed seedless vascular plants from Carboniferous period.
 - Leaves
 - Lycophylls vs. Euphylls
 
- Ovule
 - Sporangium with single sporesmall egg producing gametophyte
 - Pollen
 - Male gametophyte (how does it travel?)
 
- Pollination Vs. Fertilization
 
- Double Fertilization unique to Angiosperm
 
- Heterosporous-> ______plants
 - Homosporous-> ______plants
 
Pop Quiz:
- Plants possess a life cycle that involves alternation of two muticellular generation: the gametophte and
 - Lycophyte
 
- Sporophyte
 - Lignophyte
 - Bryophyte
 
- A waxy cuticle is an adaptation that
 - Helps to prevent water loss from charophyceans
 - Helpts to prevent water loss from trachephytes
 - Helps to prevent water loss from bryophytes
 - Helps to transport water across the leaf.
 - Plant photosynthesis transformed a very large amount of carbon dioxide into decay-reistant organic compounds, causing a low in CO2 levels and a cooling affect during the geological period know as
 - Cambrain
 - Carboniferous
 - Adamerian
 - Hornworts
 - A seed develops from
 - A spore
 - A fertilized ovule
 - Endosperm
 - Bacteria
 - In nonvascular bryophytes which are larger and live longer
 - Gametophytes
 - Sporophyte
 - In vascular plants which are smaller
 - Gamertophytes
 - Sporophyte
 - This vascular tissue distributes sugars and Amino Acids
 - Xylem
 - Bolem
 - Phloem
 - Kylem
 
