Plants and the Conquest of Land
Supplemental Instruction
IowaStateUniversity / Leader: / Adam
Course: / Biology 211
Instructor: / Dr. Holscher
Date:
- The green algae called ______are the closest relative of land plants.
- Cyanbacteria
- Liverworts
- Charophyceans
- Hornworts
Key Traits shared with land plants:
1.
2.
3.
- Distinctive feature of land plants include which of the following?
- Reproductive cells called sponges
- No alternation of generations
- Apical Meristems
- Paternally dependent embryos
- Alteration of Generations
All plants go through a sporic life cycle that is also called an “alternation of generations” life cycle
In alternation of generations the plant cycles through a “multicellular______gametophyte stage that produces ______, and a multicellular______sporophyte stage that produces ______”
The ______produced in alternation are eggs produced in female structures called archegonia, while ______are produced in male structures called antheridia
Spores produced in alternation of generation are haploid cells that “germinate” and produce the multicellular haploid ______stage by the process of mitosis
In alternation of generations the haploid sperm cell and the haploid egg cell ______to produce the diploid zygote that develops into the multicellular diploid sporophyte stage through the process of mitosis
Haploid spores are produced in the ______by the process of meiosis
- Which are all earth’s simplest land plants informally know as bryophytes. (circle all that apply)
- Liverworts (1st 3)
- Mosses
- Hornworts
- Antheridia
Key Traits:
------Quiz material------
*Land plants can be divided into two large groups based on presence or absence of a vascular system
- In all Nonvascular bryophytes the gametophytes are ______, than the sporophytes.(2n)
- Larger
- Smaller
- Similar
- In all Vascular plants the sporophyte is ______, than the gametophyte.
- Larger
- Smaller
- Similar
- Vascular plants are also referred to as ______.
- Gametophyte
- Sporangia
- Tracheophytes
- Xylophytes
Key benefits of vascular tissue:
- Seedless vascular plants include (circle all that apply)
- Lycophtyes
- Pteridophytes
- Adamophytes
- Notitophyes
- Vascular Tissue occur in _____, ______, and ______.
- Stems have two types of vascular tissue
- Can vascular plants grow in both moist and dry habitats?
- Seed Plants: (spermatophytes) Most plants today are this type
- Angiosperms-
- Gymnosperms-
- Today’s coal came from what?
- Decayed moss from the Mesozoic period
- Decayed colonial bacterium from the Proterozoix period.
- Decayed seedless vascular plants from Carboniferous period.
- Leaves
- Lycophylls vs. Euphylls
- Ovule
- Sporangium with single sporesmall egg producing gametophyte
- Pollen
- Male gametophyte (how does it travel?)
- Pollination Vs. Fertilization
- Double Fertilization unique to Angiosperm
- Heterosporous-> ______plants
- Homosporous-> ______plants
Pop Quiz:
- Plants possess a life cycle that involves alternation of two muticellular generation: the gametophte and
- Lycophyte
- Sporophyte
- Lignophyte
- Bryophyte
- A waxy cuticle is an adaptation that
- Helps to prevent water loss from charophyceans
- Helpts to prevent water loss from trachephytes
- Helps to prevent water loss from bryophytes
- Helps to transport water across the leaf.
- Plant photosynthesis transformed a very large amount of carbon dioxide into decay-reistant organic compounds, causing a low in CO2 levels and a cooling affect during the geological period know as
- Cambrain
- Carboniferous
- Adamerian
- Hornworts
- A seed develops from
- A spore
- A fertilized ovule
- Endosperm
- Bacteria
- In nonvascular bryophytes which are larger and live longer
- Gametophytes
- Sporophyte
- In vascular plants which are smaller
- Gamertophytes
- Sporophyte
- This vascular tissue distributes sugars and Amino Acids
- Xylem
- Bolem
- Phloem
- Kylem