Integrated Science I Fall Final Review

Chapter 1:

  1. What are characteristics of questions that can be answered by scientific investigations?
  2. List three questions that could be answered by a scientific investigation.
  3. What are characteristics of questions that cannot be answered by scientific investigations?
  4. List three questions that could be answered by a scientific investigation.
  5. What can cause scientific ideas to change?
  6. If scientific ideas can change, how can we trust our current scientific knowledge?
  7. Tell two reasons that it’s important for scientists to participate in the scientific community.
  8. What happens to ideas that are not supported by scientific evidence?

Consider this scenario and then answer the questions about it below.

A student is curious about the exposure of water to microwave radiation. She decides to test how plants are affected by receiving water that has been exposed to microwave radiation for various times. She plants 20 marigold plants in separate 6-inch containers, and at the start of the experiment all plants are equal height. Each container is placed in a small greenhouse. Each day, the student gives each marigold plant 25 mL of water. 5 plants receive water that has been exposed to microwave radiation for 15 seconds, then cooled to room temperature. 5 plants receive water that has been exposed to microwave radiation for 30 seconds, then cooled to room temperature. 5 plants receive water that has been microwaved for 60 seconds, then cooled to room temperature. And the last 5 plants received water that was never microwaved, and is given to the plants at room temperature. At the end of two weeks, the student records the height of each plant on a data chart.

  1. What is the independent variable in this situation?
  2. What is the dependent variable in this situation?
  3. Make a list of all this things the student is keeping constant in this project.
  4. Why does the student include a group of plants that receive water that has never been microwaved?

Consider this data table, summarizing the student’s results from the microwaved water experiment.

Height of Plants at the End of Two Weeks (in cm)
Exposure of Water to Microwave Radiation / Plant 1 / Plant 2 / Plant 3 / Plant 4 / Plant 5
15 seconds / 25 / 27 / 26 / 29 / 26
30 seconds / 23 / 24 / 22 / 26 / 24
60 seconds / 20 / 21 / 18 / 17 / 18
No exposure / 31 / 28 / 30 / 32 / 29
  1. Which type of graph would be best to show this data? Why?
  2. Compare the data recorded about plants given water than had been microwaved for 15 seconds and plants given water that had been microwaved for 60 seconds.
  3. What conclusions can this student make about the results of her experiment?

Chapter 3:

  1. ______ life and ______life are biotic factors in the environment.
  2. List 4 abiotic factors in the environment.
  3. How are biotic factors different from abiotic factors in an environment?
  4. ______make up populations, ______make up communities, ______make up ecosystems, and ______make up biomes.
  5. The lowest level of environmental complexity that includes both biotic and abiotic factors is ______.
  6. The highest level of environmental complexity that includes both living and nonliving factors is ______.
  7. The lowest level of environmental complexity that includes biotic factors only is ______.
  8. The highest level of environmental complexity that includes biotic factors only is ______.
  9. A hawk that eats a snake that has eaten a rabbit that fed on a plant is a ______.
  10. In a food web, which type of organism receives energy from every other type?

  1. Refer to the illustration above. The photosynthetic grasses are ______.
  2. Refer to the illustration above. The diagram, which shows how energy moves through an ecosystem, is called a ______.
  3. Refer to the illustration above. The foxes are ______.
  4. Refer to the illustration above. Among all of the food chains, the organisms at the highest trophic level are ______.
  5. Most of the energy available to a consumer in a trophic level is used by organism for ______, ______, and ______.
  6. Only 10 percent of the energy stored in an organism can be passed on to the next trophic level. Of the remaining energy, some is used for the organism’s life processes, and the rest is ______.
  7. In going from one trophic level to the next higher level, the amount of usable energy ______.

  1. Refer to the illustration above. On the pyramid, animals that feed on plant eaters are no lower than level _____.
  1. Refer to the illustration above. The diagram represents the decrease in available ______between lower and higher trophic levels.
  2. ______, ______, and ______have a direct role in the nitrogen cycle. (hint: organisms)
  3. The movements of energy and nutrients through living systems are different because energy flows in ______direction(s) and nutrients ______.
  4. Biogeochemical cycling ensures that nutrients will be ______throughout the biosphere.
  5. Corn planted in a field that has been previously planted with legumes and then plowed under is likely to be ______productive because ______living on the roots of legumes fix ______in the soil.
  6. Phosphorus cycles through all of the following except ______.

Chapter 4:

  1. Define biotic factor.
  2. Give three examples of biotic factors.
  3. Define abiotic factor.
  4. Give three examples of abiotic factors.
  5. If a drought were to occur and a deer temporarily left its usual territory to drink from a farm pond, the deer’s behavior changed due to the change in a(n) ______factor in its environment.
  6. Define habitat.
  7. Define niche.
  8. What three things does an organism’s niche include?
  9. A cat hunts, kills, and feed on a mouse. In this interaction, which is the predator and which is the prey?
  10. Define and give an example of each:
  1. Mutualism-
  2. Commensalism-
  3. Parasitism-
  1. Why is competition bad for most species?
  2. How are primary and secondary succession different?
  3. Define pioneer species.
  4. What could interrupt the progress of succession?
  5. A biome is identified by its particular set of abiotic factors and its characteristic ______.
  6. Which two biomes have the least amount of precipitation?
  7. Which biome has the greatest has the greatest biodiversity?
  8. Which biome is characterized by very low temperatures, little precipitation, and permafrost?

Chapter 5:

1.Compare and contrast immigration and emigration.

2.What are the three factors that affect the growth rate of a population.

3.What is the difference between exponential and logistic growth?

4.What are four examples of density dependent limiting factors?

5.What are four examples of density independent limiting factors and four examples of density independent limiting factors?

6.What are the factors that affect the amount of competition within a species?

7.Compare and contrast density dependent limiting factors and density independent limiting factors.

8.What happens to a human population in each stage of the demographic transition?

9.What is the human population of Earth today? What is the population expected to be in 2050?

10.How can an age structure diagram predict how the population of a country will grow?

11. What are the factors that affect population growth?

12. What factors can lead to a population to develop a carrying capacity?

13. Once a population reaches carrying capacity, what happens to that population’s birth and death rate