Body Structures and Functions WVEIS 0716
Upon the successful completion of this course, students will understand the structures and functions of each system in the human body. Additional instructional components will include: concepts that pertain to the body as a whole, applicable medical terminology, and the pathophysiology common to each system. Current technology will be utilized to master course standards. Students will utilize problem-solving techniques and participate in hands-on activities to develop an understanding of course concepts. Teachers will provide each student with real world learning opportunities and instruction related to healthcare. The West Virginia Standards for 21st Century Learning include the following components: 21st Century Content Standards and 21st Century Learning Skills and Technology Tools. All West Virginia teachers are responsible for classroom instruction that integrates learning skills, technology tools, and content standards and objectives. Students are encouraged to become active members of Health Occupations Students of America (HOSA), the Career and Technical Student Organization (CTSO) for health science education students.
Grade 11-12 /Health Science Education: Body Structures and Functions
Standard: 1 / Basic StructureHSE.S.BSF.1 / Students will describe terms and concepts applicable to the basic structure of the human body.
Objectives / Students will
HSE.O.BSF.1.1 / differentiate anatomy and physiology.
HSE.O.BSF.1.2 / examine two subdivisions of anatomy.
HSE.O.BSF.1.3 / interpret the terms referring to location, direction, planes, and sections of the body.
HSE.O.BSF.1.4 / examine metabolism, anabolism, catabolism, and homeostasis.
HSE.O.BSF.1.5 / distinguish the molecular structure and function of DNA and RNA.
HSE.O.BSF.1.6 / describe acids and bases.
HSE.O.BSF.1.7 / examine the process of neutralization.
HSE.O.BSF.1.8 / differentiate pH and the pH scale.
HSE.O.BSF.1.9 / classify examples of the pH of body fluids.
HSE.O.BSF.1.10 / establish the significance of pH for body function.
HSE.O.BSF.1.11 / examine a buffer.
HSE.O.BSF.1.12 / define and pronounce medical terminology applicable to body structures and functions.
Performance Descriptors (HSE.PD.BSF.1)
Above Mastery / Mastery / Partial Mastery
The student demonstrates exceptional and exemplary performance with distinctive and sophisticated application of knowledge and skills that exceed the standard in basic structure. The student can differentiate anatomy and physiology; assess two subdivisions of anatomy; express the terms referring to locations, direction, planes, and sections of the body; interpret metabolism, anabolism, catabolism, and homeostasis; evaluate the molecular structure and function of DNA and RNA; differentiate acids and bases; interpret pH and the pH scale; compare and contrast examples of the pH of body fluids; defend the significance of pH for body function; assess a buffer; and define and pronounce medical terminology applicable to body structures and functions. The student can independently solve problems and is self-directed. / The student demonstrates competent and proficient performance and shows a thorough and effective application of knowledge and skills that meet the standard in basic structure. The student can differentiate anatomy and physiology; examine two subdivisions of anatomy; interpret the terms referring to locations, direction, planes, and sections of the body; examine metabolism, anabolism, catabolism, and homeostasis; distinguish the molecular structure and function of DNA and RNA; describe acids and bases; differentiate pH and the pH scale; classify examples of the pH of body fluids; establish the significance of pH for body function; examine a buffer; and define and pronounce medical terminology applicable to body structures and functions. Application of knowledge and skills is thorough and effective, and the student can work independently. / The student demonstrates basic but inconsistent performance of fundamental knowledge and skills characterized by errors and/or omissions in basic structure. The student can define anatomy and physiology; name two subdivisions of anatomy; list the terms referring to locations, direction, planes, and sections of the body; explain metabolism, anabolism, catabolism, and homeostasis; discuss the molecular structure and function of DNA and RNA; understand acids and bases; define pH and the pH scale; identify examples of the pH of body fluids; tell the significance of pH for body function; explain a buffer; and the student can define and pronounce medical terminology applicable to body structures and functions. Performance needs further development and supervision.
Standard: 2 / Cells
HSE.S.BSF.2 / Students will describe the structure of a typical cell and the function of each component.
Objectives / Students will
HSE.O.BSF.2.1 / examine the structure of a typical cell.
HSE.O.BSF.2.2 / distinguish the function of each cell structure.
HSE.O.BSF.2.3 / define mitosis.
HSE.O.BSF.2.4 / differentiate the five phases of mitosis.
HSE.O.BSF.2.5 / examine diffusion, osmosis, filtration, active transport, phagocytosis, and pinocytosis.
HSE.O.BSF.2.6 / assess cell specialization.
HSE.O.BSF.2.7 / establish the meaning of benign, malignant, and metastasis.
Performance Descriptors (HSE.PD.BSF.2)
Above Mastery / Mastery / Partial Mastery
The student demonstrates exceptional and exemplary performance with distinctive and sophisticated application of knowledge and skills that exceed the standard in cells. The student can critique the structure of a typical cell; evaluate the function of each cell structure; define mitosis; compare and contrast the five phases of mitosis; interpret diffusion, osmosis, filtration, active transport, phagocytosis, and pinocytosis; evaluate cell specialization; and express the meaning of benign, malignant, and metastasis. The student can independently solve problems and is self-directed. / The student demonstrates competent and proficient performance and shows a thorough and effective application of knowledge and skills that meet the standard in cells. The student can examine the structure of a typical cell; distinguish the function of each cell structure; define mitosis; differentiate the five phases of mitosis; examine diffusion, osmosis, filtration, active transport, phagocytosis, and pinocytosis; assess cell specialization; and establish the meaning of benign, malignant, and metastasis. Application of knowledge and skills is thorough and effective, and the student can work independently. / The student demonstrates basic but inconsistent performance of fundamental knowledge and skills characterized by errors and/or omissions in cells. The student can describe the structure of a typical cell; list the function of each cell structure; define mitosis; name the five phases of mitosis; define diffusion, osmosis, filtration, active transport, phagocytosis, and pinocytosis; discuss cell specialization; and define benign, malignant, and metastasis. Performance needs further development and supervision.
Standard: 3 / Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems
HSE.S.BSF.3 / Students will describe tissues found within the human body and their relationship to organs and organ systems.
Objectives / Students will
HSE.O.BSF.3.1 / examine the four main types of tissues, describing their function and location.
HSE.O.BSF.3.2 / define organ.
HSE.O.BSF.3.3 / define organ system.
HSE.O.BSF.3.4 / assess the function of each organ and organ system in the human body.
HSE.O.BSF.3.5 / distinguish the process by which tissue is repaired.
HSE.O.BSF.3.6 / determine the vitamins favorable to tissue repair.
Performance Descriptors (HSE.PD.BSF.3)
Above Mastery / Mastery / Partial Mastery
The student demonstrates exceptional and exemplary performance with distinctive and sophisticated application of knowledge and skills that exceed the standard in tissues, organs, and organ systems. The student can interpret the four main types of tissues, describing their function and location; define organ; define organ system; communicate the function of each organ and organ system in the human body; analyze the process by which tissue is repaired; and select the vitamins favorable to tissue repair. The student can independently solve problems and is self-directed. / The student demonstrates competent and proficient performance and shows a thorough and effective application of knowledge and skills that meet the standard in tissues, organs, and organ systems. The student can examine the four main types of tissues, describing their function and location; define organ; define organ system; assess the function of each organ and organ system in the human body; distinguish the process by which tissue is repaired; and determine the vitamins favorable to tissue repair. Application of knowledge and skills is thorough and effective, and the student can work independently. / The student demonstrates basic but inconsistent performance of fundamental knowledge and skills characterized by errors and/or omissions in tissues, organs, and organ systems. The student can name the four main types of tissues, describing their function and location; define organ; define organ system; list the function of each organ and organ system in the human body; state the process by which tissue is repaired; and name the vitamins favorable to tissue repair. Performance needs further development and supervision.
Standard: 4 / Integumentary System
HSE.S.BSF.4 / Students will describe the structures and functions of the Integumentary System including appendages and common diseases.
Objectives / Students will
HSE.O.BSF.4.1 / define integument.
HSE.O.BSF.4.2 / examine the function of the skin.
HSE.O.BSF.4.3 / distinguish epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers, including structure, function, and location.
HSE.O.BSF.4.4 / examine the appendages of the skin and their structure, function, and location.
HSE.O.BSF.4.5 / correlate skin functions to a barrier to microorganisms.
HSE.O.BSF.4.6 / differentiate the following disorders: acne vulgaris, athlete’s feet, dermatitis, eczema, impetigo, psoriasis,
ring worm, urticaria, furuncles, carbuncles, shingles, herpes, skin cancer, and burns.
HSE.O.BSF.4.7 / determine common types of skin lesions in relationship to their characteristics and size including an
example of each.
Performance Descriptors (HSE.PD.BSF.4)
Above Mastery / Mastery / Partial Mastery
The student demonstrates exceptional and exemplary performance with distinctive and sophisticated application of knowledge and skills that exceed the standard in the integumentary system. The student can define integument; correlate the function of the skin; compare and contrast epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers, including structure, function, and location; assess the appendages of the skin and their structure, function, and location; correlate skin functions to a barrier to microorganisms; interpret the following disorders: acne vulgaris, athlete’s feet, dermatitis, eczema, impetigo, psoriasis, ring worm, urticaria, furuncles, carbuncles, shingles, herpes, skin cancer, and burns; and evaluate common types of skin lesions in relationship to their characteristics and size, including an example of each. The student can independently solve problems and is self-directed. / The student demonstrates competent and proficient performance and shows a thorough and effective application of knowledge and skills that meet the standard in the integumentary system. The student can define integument; examine the function of the skin; distinguish epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers, including structure, function, and location; examine the appendages of the skin and their structure, function, and location; correlate skin functions to a barrier to microorganisms; differentiate the following disorders: acne vulgaris, athlete’s feet, dermatitis, eczema, impetigo, psoriasis, ring worm, urticaria, furuncles, carbuncles, shingles, herpes, skin cancer, and burns; and determine common types of skin lesions in relationship to their characteristics and size, including an example of each. Application of knowledge and skills is thorough and effective, and the student can work independently. / The student demonstrates basic but inconsistent performance of fundamental knowledge and skills characterized by errors and/or omissions in the integumentary system. The student can define integument; state the function of the skin; describe epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers, including structure, function, and location; list the appendages of the skin and their structure, function, and location; explain skin functions to a barrier to microorganisms; describe the following disorders: acne vulgaris, athlete’s feet, dermatitis, eczema, impetigo, psoriasis, ring worm, urticaria, furuncles, carbuncles, shingles, herpes, skin cancer, and burns; and understand common types of skin lesions in relationship to their characteristics and size, including an example of each. Performance needs further development and supervision.
Standard: 5 / Skeletal System
HSE.S.BSF.5 / Students will describe the structures and functions of the skeletal system including common disorders.
Objectives / Students will
HSE.O.BSF.5.1 / determine the functions of the skeletal system.
HSE.O.BSF.5.2 / establish how bones are classified.
HSE.O.BSF.5.3 / distinguish types of joint movement.
HSE.O.BSF.5.4 / examine the process by which bone is formed.
HSE.O.BSF.5.5 / label the parts of the long bone, describing their structure and function.
HSE.O.BSF.5.6 / examine how bones grow.
HSE.O.BSF.5.7 / distinguish bones of the skeleton by name and location.
HSE.O.BSF.5.8 / examine four types of fractures.
HSE.O.BSF.5.9 / interpret open reduction, closed reduction, and traction.
HSE.O.BSF.5.10 / recognize common bone and joint disorders.
Performance Descriptors (HSE.PD.BSF.5)
Above Mastery / Mastery / Partial Mastery
The student demonstrates exceptional and exemplary performance with distinctive and sophisticated application of knowledge and skills that exceed the standard in the skeletal system. The student can interpret the functions of the skeletal system; determine how bones are classified; evaluate types of joint movement; distinguish the process by which bone is formed; label the parts of the long bone, describing their structure and function; examine how bones grow; communicate bones of the skeleton by name and location when identified on a model; interpret four types of fractures; interpret open reduction, closed reduction, and traction; and evaluate common bone and joint disorders. The student can independently solve problems and is self-directed. / The student demonstrates competent and proficient performance and shows a thorough and effective application of knowledge and skills that meet the standard in the skeletal system. The student can determine the functions of the skeletal system; establish how bones are classified; distinguish types of joint movement; examine the process by which bone is formed; label the parts of the long bone, describing their structure and function; examine how bones grow; distinguish bones of the skeleton by name and location; examine four types of fractures; interpret open reduction, closed reduction, and traction; and recognize common bone and joint disorders. Application of knowledge and skills is thorough and effective, and the student can work independently. / The student demonstrates basic but inconsistent performance of fundamental knowledge and skills characterized by errors and/or omissions in the skeletal system. The student can state the functions of the skeletal system; describe how bones are classified; list types of joint movement; discuss the process by which bone is formed; label the parts of the long bone, describing their structure and function; explain how bones grow; list bones of the skeleton by name and location; describe four types of fractures; define open reduction, closed reduction, and traction; and match common bone and joint disorders to their description. Performance needs further development and supervision.
Standard: 6 / Muscular System
HSE.S.BSF.6 / Students will describe the structure and functions of each muscle type including common disorders of the muscular system.