Origins & Evolution Need To Know List
This is for both chapters 15 & 16 and the test has 70 questions, so you better get started. You are to use the textbook, class activities and notes to know as much as possible about these concepts. Be as specific and complete as you can! Not everything here will be covered in class, nor is everything in the textbook. You must READ, PARTICIPATE, TAKE NOTES and STUDY!!
All vocabulary from chapters 15 & 16 plus introduced in class! (A big part of the test!)
What Charles Darwin observed on the Galapagos Islands.
The variation in Galapagos tortoises on different islands and how to explain it.
What Darwin observed that lead him to begin formulating evolution by natural selection.
The scientist who attempted to explain how rock layers form and change over time.
The innate tendency of organism evolution proposed by Lamarck.
How Lamarck explained the evolution of new organs in a species.
The scientist who proposed that only famine, disease, and war could limit human population.
What Darwin did upon his return from the voyage of the Beagle.
How to recognize examples of Darwin’s “survival of the fittest” concept.
Which individuals tend to survive, according to the theory of natural selection.
The evidence that was, and was not available to Darwin in his day.
How biologists would explain the fact that the number and location of bones of many fossil vertebrates are similar to those in living vertebrates.
Darwin’s view of the fossil record (its significance to him).
The basis for Darwin’s theory of how species evolve vs. Lamarck.
Why Lamarck was wrong.
The significance of the work done by James Hutton and Charles Lyell.
The title of Darwin’s published book explaining natural selection and what prompted him to finally publish it.
Both definitions of adaptation vs. the concept of fitness.
How to identify examples of vestigial structures.
The significance of fossils to people of Darwin’s time.
The conclusions and significance of the work of the economist Thomas Malthus.
The key components of evolution by natural selection (list & explain).
How to express the frequency of alleles in a population’s gene pool.
What produces MOST heritable variation in a population.
The source of gene shuffling during meiosis.
The number of phenotypes produced by a single-gene, simple dominant trait with two alleles.
The cause of directional, stabilizing and disruptive selection in relation to a bell-shaped curve.
The cause and effect of genetic drift and the founder effect.
Sources of disruption to genetic equilibrium vs. forces that maintain it.
How to identify examples of behavioral, geographic, temporal and reproductive isolation.
What Galapagos finch species are an excellent example of.
What Peter and Rosemary Grant learned about mate choice in Galapagos finches.
Examples of, how to identify and graph single-gene vs. polygenic traits.
What natural selection acts directly and indirectly on.
Factors necessary for speciation and a typical example scenario (Ex. Galapagos Finches)