Fundamentals of Writing – Paraphrasing handout

References

Oshima, A., & Hogue, A. (2006).Writing Academic English. (4th ed.). New York: Pearson Longman.

Quotation 1:

"Empire State College has a policy describing the conditions under which students may be warned or withdrawn from the College for such unethical academic behavior as plagiarism, forgery, misrepresentation, or other dishonest or deceptive acts which constitute grounds for warning or administrative withdrawal" (GDN Student Handbook 5).

Samples:

  1. The Student Handbook states that the College may dismiss students who in any way present others' work as their own (5). [MLA format]Circle one:paraphrase or summary or plagiarize
  2. According to policy in the Student Handbook, Empire State College may take punitive action (including dismissal) against students who act fraudulently. Fraudulent action includes using the words or ideas of others without proper attribution, falsifying documents, or depicting the words of others as one's own (1992, p. 5). [APA format] Circle one:paraphrase or summary or plagiarize
  3. The Student Handbook states that the College has a policy that describes the different instances under which students may be withdrawn from the College. These instances include plagiarism, forgery, misrepresentation, and other instances that show dishonest or deceptive practice (1992, p. 5). [APA format]Circle one:paraphrase or summary or plagiarize

Quotation 2:

"Such ‘story myths’ are not told for their entertainment value. They provide answers to questions people ask about life, about society, and about the world in which they live” (10).

Samples:

  1. Specifically, story myths are not for entertainment purposes rather they serve as answers to questions people ask about life, about society and about the world in which they live.Circle one:paraphrase or summary or plagiarize
  2. Davidson explains that story myths answer questions people ask about life, about society and about the world in which they live (10).Circle one:paraphrase or summary or plagiarize
  3. “Story myths” are powerful because they deal with phenomena that people cannot understand in any other way. As Davidson explains, story myths have direct relevance to the everyday lives of their readers by “providing answers to questions” (10).Circle one:paraphrase or summary or plagiarize

Quotation 3:

Students frequently overuse direct quotation in taking notes, and as a result they overuse quotations in the final [research] paper. Probably only about 10% of your final manuscript should appear as directly quoted matter. Therefore, you should strive to limit the amount of exact transcribing of source materials while taking notes. Lester, James D. Writing Research Papers. 2nd ed. (1976): 46-47.

Samples:

  1. In research papers students often quote excessively, failing to keep quoted material down to a desirable level. Since the problem usually originates during note taking, it is essential to minimize the material recorded verbatim (Lester 46-47).Circle one:paraphrase or summary or plagiarize
  2. Students should take just a few notes in direct quotation from sources to help minimize the amount of quoted material in a research paper (Lester 46-47).Circle one:paraphrase or summary or plagiarize
  3. Students often use too many direct quotations when they take notes, resulting in too many of them in the final research paper. In fact, probably only about 10% of the final copy should consist of directly quoted material. So it is important to limit the amount of source material copied while taking notes. Circle one:paraphrase or summary or plagiarize