Final World History Study Guide

  1. The declaration of independence gave rights of governance to the people
  2. Elizabeth I faced a Spanish attempt to restore Catholicism to England
  3. The selling of slaves from Africa became known as the triangle trade
  4. Mary Tudor’s biggest efforts in England were her attempts to make England Catholic
  5. Cardinal Richelieu believed in a strong monarchy
  6. The First Continental Congress call for full rights of British citizens for colonists
  7. Elizabeth’s biggest domestic problem was the Puritans, who wanted to reform the Anglican Church
  8. The Thirty Years’ War was fought to reduce the power of the Holy Roman Empire
  9. Oliver Cromwell was leader of the Roundheads (Puritans)
  10. The Hohenzollerns gained power by unifying German states
  11. Mary Wollstonecraft argued that Enlightenment ideas should apply to women
  12. Jean-Baptiste Colbert’s most important contribution was to the French economy
  13. Rationalists thinkers believed in the scientific method and logic
  14. John Locke believed that people’s individual rights should be protected by a gov’t
  15. The Holy Roman Empire could best be described as diverse and conflicted
  16. Other countries felt that France’s expansionist goals upset the balance of power
  17. In a limited constitutional monarchy, the monarch had to consult with Parliament
  18. The Pragmatic Sanction allowed Marie Theresa to inherit Habsburg lands
  19. Catherine the Great’s main accomplishment was expansion to the Black Sea and into Asia
  20. The British expanded into North America under the guide of John Cabot
  21. Peter the Great did all of the following: strengthened the army, took over the Orthodox church, achieved an alliance with the Ottoman Turks
  22. Athenians believed in spending money on public buildings
  23. Archaeologists learn about ancient people by studying artifacts
  24. Under the rule of Cleisthenes, Athens established a direct democracy
  25. Paleolithic means ancient stone
  26. In Sparta, the ephors made sure the king stayed within the law
  27. Understanding that food could be grown from seeds marked the beginning of the Neolithic Agricultural Revolution
  28. Spartan half-citizens were free but had no political power
  29. Permanent settlements generally required a form of government
  30. City-states run by groups of nobles were known as aristocracies
  31. Trade between cultures led to cultural diffusion
  32. The purpose of the Olympic games was to honor Zeus
  33. History basically begins when people start to keep records
  34. The Iliad tells the story of the Trojan War
  35. Egyptians could move goods up the Nile because it flowed from south to north
  36. The Earliest known Greek civilization were the Minoans
  37. Ethical monotheism is a system of beliefs based on one god
  38. The Indian subcontinent is separated from the rest of Asia by the Himilayas
  39. The Rosetta Stone was important because it helped decode hieroglyphics
  40. The teachings of the Upanishads were passed along in the form of epics
  41. Pariahs were outside the caste system
  42. Commodities are goods with value for trade
  43. The Code of Hammurabi was a group of laws
  44. The ultimate goal of Hindus was to reach nirvana
  45. Egyptians believed that in the afterlife, people were judged by their deeds on Earth
  46. Siddhartha Gautama became known as the Buddha
  47. Athenian women had no rights
  48. The Buddha taught that the way to salvation was a life of selflessness
  49. Italy is cut off from the rest of Europe by the Alps
  50. Alexander desired to spread Greek culture
  51. Sparta won the Peloponnesian War by joining forces with Persia
  52. Thucydides believed that history should be fair and accurate
  53. The Parthenon was a temple to Athena
  54. Hippocrates’s work sums up Greek science because it bases treatment on reason, not magic
  55. Greek art broke away from Egyptian influences by using more lifelike poses
  56. Aristotle believed that logical study led to truth
  57. Greek art expressed its belief in simplicity and balance
  58. Plato believed in a government ruled by an aristocracy, or an intellectual upper class
  59. Socrates believed that students should learn to think for themselves
  60. The Romans put Jesus to death because they feared he would lead an uprising
  61. The engraving of Roman laws on the Twelve Tables was prompted by then plebians
  62. Hadrian & Marcus Aurelius were part of a group known of as the five good emperors
  63. Caesar’s government decreased the power of the Senate
  64. The Pax Romana kept Rome stable, but reduced the power of the government
  65. The Justinian Code preserved Roman history
  66. The most powerful religious leader in the East was the patriarch of Constantinople
  67. One of the great artistic achievements of Justinian ‘s rule was the development of the mosaic
  68. The Byzantine Empire was ruled by an all powerful emperor
  69. The council of nobles that advised princes in Kievan Russia were called boyars
  70. Ivan III began the tradition in Russia of absolute monarchy
  71. The Pravda Russkia’s system of punishment can best be described asa mix of fines & vengeance
  72. Moscow became the center of the Orthodox Church after Constantinople was invaded by the Ottoman Turks
  73. The Qur’an gave women some property rights
  74. Sufi Muslims taught that people should live a simple life
  75. Sheikhs led tribes of bedouins
  76. The Kaaba was a stone building filled with idols
  77. The Qur’an affected religious and daily life
  78. Part of the Muslim faith was jihad, or the struggle to defend the faith
  79. Because of the climate and geography, most early Arabs were herders.
  80. Mecca was important because it was on the trade route to Syria
  81. Charlemagne was declared Emperor of Rome
  82. Chivalry was a code of behavior for knights
  83. Parliament had the power to refuse new taxes
  84. Early merchants sold their goods at fairs
  85. The Treaty of Verdun divided Charlemagne’s empire
  86. Primogeniture is the custom of passing on land to the eldest son
  87. Under the Capetians, the French regain territory from the English
  88. In the manorial system, peasants worked land in exchange for some of their crop
  89. Innocent III made the church more powerful
  90. In medieval times, most people were likely to have contact with a parish priest
  91. Pope Urban II called on Europeans to join a Crusade against Seljuq Turks
  92. Victory against Japan came after atomic bomb attacks on Japan
  93. The most important purpose of early banks was moneylending
  94. Portugal’s explorations were inspired by Prince Henry
  95. The Edict of Nantes gave French Calvinists some rights
  96. Luther’s teachings decreased the role of the clergy
  97. Newton’s work explained the laws of motion and gravitation
  98. Universities of the Middle Ages first formed to protect the rights of teachers & students
  99. The Anglican Church was formed as a result of Henry VIII’s fight with the pope about his divorce
  100. A united Spain ordered all non-Christians out of the city
  101. The War of the Roses determined the ruler of England
  102. Natural philosophers based study on religious teaching & classical literature
  103. The main style of architecture during the Middle to later Middle Ages was gothic
  104. The Treaty of Tordesillas divided the New World between PortugalSpain
  105. Writers such as Shakespeare and Marlowe focused on human actions & emotions
  106. During the Hundred Years’ War, the French & English monarchy became weaker
  107. Luther’s ideas spread quickly because of the printing press
  108. The Reformation and Counter-Reformation led to religious tolerance
  109. Science of the Middle Ages focused on practical use more than theory
  110. Mercantilism held that countries should do all they could to increase wealth
  111. Discontent in France was caused by all of the following: rising costs of living, lack of political voice, anger at nobility’s freedom from taxes
  112. The Congress of Vienna worked against Nationalist ideas
  113. The Declaration of the Rights of Man established all of the following: freedom of speech, the right to a fair trial, and the right to hold office
  114. Universal manhood suffrage meant men could vote, regardless of owning property
  115. France increased its debt through giving financial aid the the U.S.
  116. In the legislative assembly, radicals wanted to set up a republic
  117. The Hundred Days refers to the return of Napoleon
  118. The true beginning of the French Revolution was the third estate’s declaring itself the National Assembly
  1. Among the National Assembly’s first actions was the outlawing of the tithe & feudal dues
  2. Napoleon’s rule could best be described as a dictatorship
  3. The Battle of Britain was fought mostly in the air
  4. The Triple Entente was formed in reaction to Germany’s military build up
  5. Great Britain declared war on Germany because it invaded Belgium
  6. Italy and Japan entered the war to grab defeated nation’s property
  7. The conquest of Norway and Denmark was important to Germany because they provided access to the Atlantic Ocean
  8. Japan’s move into China was met by a condemnation
  9. All of the following were new war weapons: u-boats, airplanes, & tanks
  10. Stalin signed a nonaggression pact with Germany because he and Hitler wanted to divide eastern Europe
  11. As nations tried to outlast each other, World War I became a war of attrition
  12. Control of the new Russia was won by the Bolsheviks
  13. The Treaty of Brest Litovsk allowed the Germans to mobilize more troops against France
  14. The newly formed Communist Party signed a treaty with the Central Powers
  15. Soviet armies fighting Germany benefited from cold weather
  16. The “soft underbelly of the Axis” referred to Italy & the Balkans
  17. According to Hitler’s plan, eastern Europe would become living space for the Aryan Race
  18. A culture is based on a set of beliefs, knowledge, and a (n) pattern of living
  19. People who came under the rule of Rome after the Punic Wars became subject of Rome
  20. Under the advice of his wife, Theodora, Justinian allowed women to own property
  21. Vladimir I ordered Kievans to become Christians
  22. The Mongols remained relatively peaceful in exchange for heavy taxation
  23. The Shi’ah believed in the decisions of the imams
  24. Superstition and witchcraft helped Renaissance people explain the unknown
  25. Descartes believed in using only known facts to arrive at conclusions
  26. The Columbian Exchange was trade between America & Europe
  27. Cromwell’s rule could best be described as a military dictatorship
  28. In the concentration camps, the people least likely to be executed were the healthy

Know how to label the following countries, oceans, islands, & continents:

Africa, Portugal, Spain, France, Corsica, Sardinia, Italy, Sicily, Mediterranean Sea, Crete, Cyprus, Aegean Sea, Adriatic Sea, Greece, Turkey, Switzerland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Germany, Slovakia, Slovenia, Yugoslavia, Denmark, Macedonia, Albania, Black Sea, Caspian Sea, Russia, Estonia, Latvia, Southeast Asia, Belgium, Poland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, English Channel, Romania, Bulgaria, North Sea, United Kingdom, Ireland, Ukraine, Atlantic Ocean, Czech Republic, Austria, Iceland, Baltic Sea, Lithuania, Belarus, Moldova, Hungary, Bosnia and Herezogovina, Croatia,