Fall Semester Review - Physics [Pre-AP]
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____1.What two dimensions, in addition to mass, are commonly used by physicists to derive additional measurements?
a. / length and width / c. / length and timeb. / area and mass / d. / velocity and time
____2.The SI base unit used to measure mass is the
a. / meter. / c. / kilogram.b. / second. / d. / liter.
____3.If some measurements agree closely with each other but differ widely from the actual value, these measurements are
a. / neither precise nor accurate.b. / accurate but not precise.
c. / acceptable as a new standard of accuracy.
d. / precise but not accurate.
____4.These values were obtained as the mass of a bar of metal: 8.83 g; 8.84 g; 8.82 g. The known mass is 10.68 g. The values are
a. / accurate. / c. / both accurate and precise.b. / precise. / d. / neither accurate nor precise.
____5.What are the basic SI units?
a. / meters, kilograms, hours / c. / meters, kilograms, secondsb. / feet, pounds, seconds / d. / feet, kilograms, seconds
____6.Calculate the following, and express the answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant figures: 21.4 + 15 + 17.17 + 4.003
a. / 5.7573 x 101 / c. / 5.76 x 101b. / 5.757 x 101 / d. / 5.8 x 101
____7.Calculate the following, and express the answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant figures: 10.5 x 8.8 x 3.14
a. / 2.9 x 102 / c. / 2.901 x 102b. / 2.90136 x 102 / d. / 290
____8.Acceleration is
a. / displacement. / c. / velocity.b. / the rate of change of displacement. / d. / the rate of change of velocity.
____9.
What does the graph above illustrate about acceleration?
a. / The acceleration is constant.b. / The acceleration is zero.
c. / The acceleration decreases.
d. / There is not enough information to answer.
____10.
What does the graph above illustrate about acceleration?
a. / The acceleration varies.b. / The acceleration is zero.
c. / The acceleration is constant.
d. / The acceleration increases then becomes constant.
____11.A race car accelerates from 0 m/s to 30.0 m/s with a displacement of 45.0 m. What is the vehicle's acceleration?
a. / 2.00 m/s2 / c. / 10.0 m/s2b. / 5.00 m/s2 / d. / 15.0 m/s2
____12.Which of the following is the magnitude of free fall acceleration?
a. / 9.81 m/s / c. / +9.81 msb. / 9.81 m/s2 / d. / -9.81 m/s2
____13.The baseball catcher throws a ball vertically upward and catches it in the same spot as it returns to the mitt. At what point in the ball’s path does it experience zero velocity and nonzero acceleration at the same time?
a. / midway on the way upb. / at the top of its trajectory
c. / the instant it leaves the catcher’s hand
d. / the instant before it arrives in the catcher’s mitt
____14.When there is no air resistance, objects of different masses
a. / fall with equal accelerations with similar displacements.b. / fall with different accelerations with different displacements.
c. / fall with equal accelerations with different displacements.
d. / fall with different accelerations with similar displacements.
____15.What is the displacement and velocity of a car that moves from x = +5.0 m to x = -10.0 m in 3 seconds? (a = 0)
a. / +10 meters at v = 10 m/s / c. / -5 meters at v = 8 m/sb. / -5 meters at v = 5 m/s / d. / -15 meters at v = 5 m/s
____16.Which of the following is a physical quantity that has a magnitude but no direction?
a. / vector / c. / resultantb. / scalar / d. / frame of reference
____17.Which of the following is a physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction?
a. / vector / c. / resultantb. / scalar / d. / frame of reference
____18.A lightning bug flies at a velocity of 0.25 m/s due east toward another lightning bug seen off in the distance. A light southward breeze blows on the bug at a velocity of 0.25 m/s. What is the resultant velocity of the lightning bug?
a. / 0.35 m/s south of east / c. / 0.75 m/ssouth of eastb. / 0.00 m/s east / d. / 0.25 m/s south of east
____19.A quarterback takes the ball from the line of scrimmage and runs backward for 1.0 x 101 m then sideways parallel to the line of scrimmage for 15 m. The ball is thrown forward 5.0 x 101 m perpendicular to the line of scrimmage. The receiver is tackled immediately. How far is the football displaced from its original position?
a. / 43 m / c. / 62 mb. / 55 m / d. / 75 m
____20.What is the path of a projectile?
a. / a wavy lineb. / a parabola
c. / a hyperbola
d. / Projectiles do not follow a predictable path.
____21.A stone is thrown horizontally from the top edge of a cliff with an initial speed of 12 m/s. A stopwatch measures the stone’s trajectory time from the top of the cliff to the bottom at 5.6 s. What is the height of the cliff? (Disregard air resistance. g=9.81m/s2.)
a. / 58 m / c. / 120 mb. / 154 m / d. / 180 m
____22.A model rocket flies horizontally off the edge of the cliff at a velocity of 50.0 m/s. If the canyon below is 100.0 m deep, how far from the edge of the cliff does the model rocket land?
a. / 112 m / c. / 337 mb. / 225 m / d. / 400 m
____23.Which of the following is the cause of an acceleration?
a. / speed / c. / forceb. / inertia / d. / velocity
____24.What is the correct name for speeding up, slowing down, or changing direction?
a. / acceleration / c. / inertiab. / velocity / d. / force
____25.Which of the following forces arises from direct physical contact between two objects?
a. / gravitational force / c. / frictional forceb. / fundamental force / d. / field force
____26.In the free-body diagram shown above, which of the following is the normal force acting on the car?
a. / 5800 N / c. / 14 700 Nb. / 775 N / d. / 13 690 N
____27.Which of the following is the tendency of an object to maintain its state of motion?
a. / acceleration / c. / forceb. / inertia / d. / velocity
____28.If a nonzero net force is acting on an object, then the object is definitely
a. / at rest. / c. / being accelerated.b. / moving with a constant velocity. / d. / losing mass.
____29.A wagon with a weight of 300.0 N ,and a frictional force of 50 N, is accelerated across a level surface at 0.5 m/s2. What net force acts on the wagon? (g=9.81m/s2)
a. / 9.0 N / c. / 500 Nb. / 15 N / d. / 610 N
____30.According to Newton’s second law, when the same force is applied to two objects of different masses,
a. / the object with greater mass will experience a great acceleration and the object with less mass will experience an even greater acceleration.b. / the object with greater mass will experience a smaller acceleration and the object with less mass will experience a greater acceleration.
c. / the object with greater mass will experience a greater acceleration and the object with less mass will experience a smaller acceleration.
d. / the object with greater mass will experience a small acceleration and the object with less mass will experience an even smaller acceleration.
____31.An elevator weighing 2.00 x 105 N is supported by a steel cable. What is the tension in the cable when the elevator is accelerated upward at a rate of 3.00m/s2? (g=9.81m/s2)
a. / 1.39 x 105 N / c. / 2.42 x 105 Nb. / 2.31x105 N / d. / 2.61 x 105 N
____32.A hockey stick hits a puck on the ice. Identify an action-reaction pair.
a. / The stick exerts a force on the puck; the puck exerts a force on the stick.b. / The stick exerts a force on the puck; the puck exerts a force on the ice.
c. / The puck exerts a force on the stick; the stick exerts a force on the ice.
d. / The stick exerts a force on the ice; the ice exerts a force on the puck.
____33.The statement by Newton that for every action there is an equal but opposite reaction is which of his laws of motion?
a. / first / c. / thirdb. / second / d. / fourth
____34.The magnitude of the force of gravity acting on an object is
a. / frictional force. / c. / inertia.b. / weight. / d. / mass.
____35.A sled weighing 1.0 x 102 N is held in place on a frictionless 20.0o slope by a rope attached to a stake at the top. The rope is parallel to the slope. What is the normal force of the slope acting on the sled? (Draw a Free Body Diagram!!!!!)
a. / 94 N / c. / 37 Nb. / 47 N / d. / 34 N
____36.There are six books in a stack, and each book weighs 5 N. The coefficient of friction between the books and the table is 0.2.
With what horizontal force must one push to move the stack of books at constant velocity? (Draw a FBD.)
a. / 1 N / c. / 6 Nb. / 5 N / d. / 7 N
____37.An ice skater (mass of 75 kg), initially moving at 10.0 m/s, coasts to a halt in 1.0 x102 m on a smooth ice surface. What is the magnitude of the force of friction acting on the skater?
a. / 0.50 N / c. / 37.5 Nb. / -0.50 N / d. / -37.5 N
____38.Equilibrium occurs when ____.
a. / all the forces acting on an object are balancedb. / the sum of the force acting right equal the sum of the forces acting left
c. / the sum of the force acting up equal the sum of the forces acting down
d. / the net force is zero
e. / all of the above
____39.A force does work on an object if a component of the force
a. / is perpendicular to the displacement of the object.b. / is parallel to the displacement of the object.
c. / perpendicular to the displacement of the object moves the object along a path that returns the object to its starting position.
d. / parallel to the displacement of the object moves the object along a path that returns the object to its starting position.
____40.What is the common formula for work?
a. / W = Fd(sin) / c. / W = Fd2b. / W = Fd / d. / W = F2d
____41.The 50 kW motor lifts 100 kg of water 68 m, how long does it take?
Fall Semester Review - Physics [Pre-AP]
a. / 0.05 sb. / 1.33 s
c. / 10.5 s
d. / 13.6 s
Fall Semester Review - Physics [Pre-AP]
____42.A horizontal force of 200 N is applied to move a 55 kg television set across a 10 m level surface. What is the work done by the 200 N force on the television set?
a. / 4000 J / c. / 2000 Jb. / 5000 J / d. / 6000 J
____43.Which of the following energy forms is the sum of kinetic energy and all forms of potential energy?
a. / total energy / c. / nonmechanical energyb. / summative energy / d. / mechanical energy
____44.Which of the following energy forms is involved as a pencil falls from a desk?
a. / kinetic energy onlyb. / nonmechanical energy
c. / gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy
d. / elastic potential energy and kinetic energy
____45.A 3.00 kg toy falls from a height of 10.0 m. Just before hitting the ground, what will be its kinetic energy?
(Disregard air resistance. g=9.81m/s2.)
a. / 98.0 J / c. / 29.4 Jb. / 0.98 J / d. / 294 J
____46.What is the kinetic energy of a 0.135 kg baseball thrown at 40.0 m/s?
a. / 54.0 J / c. / 108 Jb. / 87.0 J / d. / 216 J
____47.Old Faithful geyser in Yellowstone National Park shoots water every hour to a height of 40.0 m. With what velocity does the water leave the ground? (Disregard air resistance. g=9.81m/s2.)
a. / 7.00 m/s / c. / 19.8 m/sb. / 14.0 m/s / d. / 28.0 m/s
____48. Our ice skater (mass of 75 kg), initially moving at 10.0 m/s, coasts to a halt in 1.0 x102 m on a smooth ice surface. This time find the force of friction acting on the skater using the work-kinetic energy theorem.
a. / 0.50 N / c. / 37.5 Nb. / -0.50 N / d. / -37.5 N
____49.What is the average power supplied by a 60.0 kg student running up a flight of stairs rising vertically 4.0 m in 4.2 s?
a. / 380 W / c. / 610 Wb. / 560 W / d. / 670 W
____50.What is the average power output of a weight lifter who can lift 250 kg 2.0 m in 2.0 s?
a. / 5.0 x 102 W / c. / 4.9 kWb. / 2.5 kW / d. / 9.8 kW
____51.An ice skater initially skating at a velocity of 3 m/s speeds up to a velocity of 5 m/s. The momentum of the skater
a. / decreases. / c. / remains the same.b. / increases. / d. / becomes zero.
____52.If a force is exerted on an object, which statement is true?
a. / A large force always produces a large change in the object’s momentum.b. / A large force produces a large change in the object’s momentum only if the force is applied over a very short time interval.
c. / A small force applied over a long time interval can produce a large change in the object’s momentum.
d. / A small force produces a large change in the object’s momentum.
____53.A force is applied to stop a moving shopping cart. Increasing the time interval over which the force is applied
a. / causes a greater force. / c. / causes a smaller force.b. / has no effect on the force needed. / d. / causes the same force.
____54.A 6.0 x 10–2 kg tennis ball moves at a velocity of 12 m/s. The ball is struck by a racket, causing it to rebound in the opposite direction at a speed of 18 m/s. What is the change in the ball’s momentum?
a. / –0.38 kgm/s / c. / –1.1 kgm/sb. / –0.72 kgm/s / d. / –1.8 kgm/s
____55.The impulse experienced by a body is equivalent to the body’s change in
a. / velocity. / c. / momentum.b. / kinetic energy. / d. / force.
____56.A 75 kg person walking around a corner bumps into an 80 kg person running around the same corner. The momentum of the 80 kg person
a. / increases. / c. / remains the same.b. / decreases. / d. / is conserved.
____57.A swimmer with a mass of 75 kg dives off a raft with a mass of 500 kg. If the swimmer’s speed is 4 m/s immediately after leaving the raft, what is the speed of the raft?
a. / 0.2 m/s / c. / 0.6 m/sb. / 0.5 m/s / d. / 4.0 m/s
____58.A bullet with a mass of 5.00 x 10–3 kg is loaded into a gun. The loaded gun has a mass of 0.52 kg. The bullet is fired, causing the empty gun to recoil at a speed of 2.1 m/s. What is the speed of the bullet?
a. / 48 m/s / c. / 120 m/sb. / 220 m/s / d. / 360 m/s
____59.Two objects move separately after colliding, and both the total momentum and total kinetic energy remain constant. Identify the type of collision.
a. / elastic / c. / inelasticb. / perfectly elastic / d. / perfectly inelastic
____60.A 1.5 x 103 kg truck moving at 15 m/s strikes a 7.5 x 102 kg automobile stopped at a traffic light. The vehicles hook bumpers and skid together after the collision. What is the velocity of the combination?
a. / 15 m/s / c. / 10 m/sb. / -15 m/s / d. / -10 m/s
____61.An infant throws 5 g of applesauce at a velocity of 0.2 m/s. All of the applesauce collides with a nearby wall and sticks to it. What is the change in kinetic energy of the applesauce?
a. / 2 x 10–4 J / c. / 1.0x 10–3 Jb. / 0.5 x 10–4 J / d. / 1.0x 10–4 J
____62.What is the angular velocity of the hour hand on a clock?
a. / 2.0x 10–5 rad/s / c. / 1.0x 10–3 rad/sb. / 0.5 x 10–4 rad/s / d. / 1.5 x 10–4 rad/s
____63.A roller coaster loaded with passengers has a mass of 2.0 x 103 kg; the radius of curvature of the track at the lowest point of the track is 24 m. If the vehicle has a tangential speed of 18 m/s at this point, what force is exerted on the vehicle by the track?
a. / 2.3 x 104 N / c. / 3.0 x 104 Nb. / 4.7 x 104 N / d. / 2.7 x 104 N
____64.What is the gravitational force between two trucks, each with a mass of 2.0 x 104 kg, that are 2.0 m apart? (G=6.673x10–11Nm2/kg2)
a. / 5.7 x 10–2 N / c. / 6.7 x 10–3 Nb. / 1.3 x 10–2 N / d. / 1.2 x 10–7 N
____65.A 80.0 kg passenger is seated 12.0 m from the center of the loop of a roller coaster. What centripetal force does the passenger experience when the roller coaster reaches an tangential speed of 37.7 m/s?
a. / 1.7 x 103 N / c. / 7.2 x103 Nb. / 6.9 x103 N / d. / 9.5 x 103 N
____66.A 0.05 kg record starts from rest and accelerates to 33.33 rev/min in 3 s. What is its angular acceleration and the torque exerted on it? (r = 0.13 m)
a. / 1.16 rad/s2 and 4.92 x 10-3 Nmb. / 1.16 rad/s2 and 6.32 x 10-3 Nm
c. / 2.09 rad/s2 and 1.45 x 10-3 Nm
d. / 2.09 rad/s2 and 5.78 x 10-3 Nm
____67.A substance’s temperature increases as a direct result of
a. / energy being removed from the particles of the substance.b. / kinetic energy being added to the particles of the substance.
c. / a change in the number of atoms and molecules in a substance.
d. / a decrease in the volume of the substance.
____68.What is the pressure at the bottom of a mercury thermometer if the mercury is 0.5 m high?
a. / 6.67 x 104 Pa / c. / 2.37 x 104 Pab. / 1.78 x 104 Pa / d. / 1.33 x 104 Pa
____69.You have a garden hose with a cross sectional area of 3.14 x 10-4 m and you plug the end to a cross sectional area of 7.85 x 10-5. How fast does the water come out if the water is moving at 2 m/s from the faucet?
a. / 2 m/s / c. / 8 m/sb. / 4 m/s / d. / 10 m/s
____70.What is the buoyant force acting on a boat that weight 50,000 N
a. / 0 N / c. / 10,000 Nb. / 25,000 N / d. / 50,0000 N
____71.A water tank, open to the atmosphere, has 0.5 m of water in it with a spigot at the bottom. How fast does the water leave the tank? (see sample problem 9D)
a. / 3 m/s / c. / 1 m/sb. / 2 m/s / d. / 0 m/s
____72.What happens to the internal energy of an ideal gas when it is heated from 0oC to 4oC?
a. / It increases. / c. / It remains constant.b. / It decreases. / d. / It is impossible to determine.
____73.Which of the following is proportional to the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules?
a. / elastic energy / c. / potential energyb. / temperature / d. / thermal equilibrium
____74.Which of the following best describes the relationship between two systems in thermal equilibrium?
a. / No net energy is exchanged. / c. / The masses are equal.b. / The volumes are equal. / d. / The velocity is zero.
____75.Heat flow occurs between two bodies in thermal contact when they differ in which of the following properties?
a. / mass / c. / densityb. / specific heat / d. / temperature
____76.If two small beakers of water, one at 70oC and one at 80oC, are emptied into a large beaker, what is the final temperature of the water?
a. / less than 70oC / c. / between 70oC and 80oCb. / greater than 80oC / d. / The water temperature will fluctuate.
____77.A substance registers a temperature change from 20oC to 40oC. This corresponds to an incremental change of
a. / 20 K / c. / 36 Kb. / 40 K / d. / 313 K
____78.The figure above shows how the temperature of 10.0 g of ice changes as energy is added. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. / The water absorbed energy continuously, but the temperature increased only when all of the water was in one phase.b. / The water absorbed energy sporadically, and the temperature increased only when all of the water was in one phase.
c. / The water absorbed energy continuously, and the temperature increased continuously.
d. / The water did not absorb energy.
____79.At what point on the figure above does the substance undergo a phase change?
a. / A / c. / Cb. / B / d. / E
____80.What is T for the ice?
a. / 25 oC / c. / 0.522 oCb. / -25 oC / d. / -0.522 oC
____81.What is T for the ice and water mixture?
a. / 25 oC / c. / 0.522 oCb. / 100 oC / d. / 0 oC
____82.High temperature is related to
a. / low kinetic energy. / c. / no difference in kinetic energy.b. / high kinetic energy. / d. / zero net energy.
____83.According to the 1st law of thermodynamics, the heat transferred in or out of a system plus the work done on or by the system is equal to
a. / Change in internal energy / c. / Change in kinetic energyb. / Change in potential energy / d. / Change in color
____84.According to the second law of thermodynamics, which of the following applies for any process that can occur within an isolated system?
a. / Entropy remains constant or increases. / c. / Entropy decreases.b. / Entropy equals mechanical energy. / d. / Entropy equals work done.
______85. Internal energy is defined as
a. Sum of PE and KE for all molecules within an objectc. PE of all molecules within an object
b. KE of all molecules within an objectd. Elastic PE of all molecules within an object
1 / C / 15 / D / 29 / B / 43 / D / 57 / C / 71 / A2 / C / 16 / B / 30 / B / 44 / C / 58 / B / 72 / A
3 / D / 17 / A / 31 / D / 45 / D / 59 / B / 73 / B
4 / B / 18 / A / 32 / A / 46 / C / 60 / C / 74 / A
5 / C / 19 / A / 33 / C / 47 / D / 61 / C / 75 / D
6 / D / 20 / B / 34 / B / 48 / D / 62 / D / 76 / C
7 / A / 21 / B / 35 / A / 49 / B / 63 / D / 77 / A
8 / D / 22 / B / 36 / C / 50 / B / 64 / C / 78 / A
9 / B / 23 / C / 37 / D / 51 / B / 65 / D / 79 / B
10 / A / 24 / A / 38 / E / 52 / C / 66 / A / 80 / A
11 / C / 25 / C / 39 / B / 53 / C / 67 / B / 81 / D
12 / B / 26 / D / 40 / B / 54 / D / 68 / A / 82 / B
13 / B / 27 / B / 41 / B / 55 / C / 69 / C / 83 / A
14 / A / 28 / C / 42 / C / 56 / B / 70 / D / 84 / A
85 / B