MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
SHAKARIM STATE UNIVERSITY of SEMEY
3rd level QMS Document / Edition № _____
______20___ г. / M I 042-18-12.1.1-2016-01
Methodical instructions for practical
(seminar) classes
Faculty of Information and communication technologies
Department «Informationsystems»
METHODICAL INSTRUCTIONS
for practical (seminar) classes in
«Information and communication technologies»
For all specialties and the directions of preparation
of a bachelor degree
(CodeSpecialty)
Semey
2016
Foreword
1 DESIGNED
Compiled by:
Zenkovich K.U., senior lecturer, department «Information systems» ______«__»______201__.
Methodical instructions intended for practical (seminars) classes on discipline "Information and communication technologies" for students of all specialties and directions of preparation of bachelors.
2 DISCUSSED
Methodical instructions discussed at the meeting of the Department "Information systems",
Record «____» ______201_, № ____
Head of the Department Smagulov S.K. ______
Methodical instructions are recommended for use in the educational process at the meeting of educational and methodical bureau of the faculty of "Information and communication technologies"
Record «____» ______201_, № ____
Chairman BekmuhametovaТ.М. ______
Content
1 Introduction
2 The Main part (the Contents of practical classes)
3 Literature
1 Introduction
In the discipline «Information and communication technologies» are regarded as modern methods and means of communication of people in a normal and professional activities with the help of information technologies for the search, collection, storage, processing and dissemination of information.
The purpose of discipline «Information and communication technologies» is to master students of information and communication competencies that facilitate everyday life and will give an opportunity to use modern information technologies in various areas of professional activity, scientific and practical work, self-education and for other purposes. In addition to the practical purpose, the course provides academic and educational purposes, helping to expand the horizons of students, improve their general culture and education.
1.1 Tasksofthediscipline
–Acquaintance with modern receptions and methods of use of means of ICT.
–Training in use of means of ICT in professional activity of the expert.
–Training in effective application of means of ICT in educational process, including work with the distributed information resource of educational appointment.
–Acquaintance with opportunities of practical realization of the training focused on use of technologies of multimedia, systems of artificial intelligence, the information systems functioning on the basis of computer facilities, providing automation of input, accumulation, processing, transfer, operational management of information.
The study of English enables students to develop and apply knowledge, understanding and skills of ICT in their composing, responding and presenting, and as part of the imaginative and critical thinking they undertake in English.
Students have the opportunity to become competent, discriminating and creative users of ICT as they learn to use ICT effectively and appropriately when investigating, creating and communicating ideas and information. Students will learn about the ethics of information communication through technology.
1.2 Competences (results of training)
As a result of studying of discipline the student has to
know:
–main directions of development of ICT;
–bases of use of information resources for search and storage of information;
–architecture and components of computer systems;
–main objectives and problems of information security;
–possibilitiesofSmart-services;
–use of search engines and electronic resources in the professional purposes.
tobeable::
–to work in any operating system;
–toworkwithdatabases;
–to apply methods and means of information protection;
–to create websites on the basis of CMS;
–to work with spreadsheets, to make consolidation of data, to build charts.
tohaveskills:
–processings of vector and raster images;
–creationsmultimediapresentations;
–visualizationofdata;
–applications of various forms of electronic training for expansion of professional knowledge;
–works with cloud services of E-technologies.
Prerequisites of a course
- School course of informatics
Postrequisites of a course
- Technology of programming
2 The Main part
Practical work №1.ICT in Core Sectors of Development.ICT Standardization
Objective:
• understanding the implications of technology in society, including social, economic and ethical uses
• awareness of the ways ICT can help in home, learning and work environments.
Learning Outcomes:
• understanding and using applications
• using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to solve problems
• analysing, designing, implementing, testing and evaluating ICT systems.
APPLYING ICT
- The differences between batch processing, online processing and realtime processing.
- Communication applications (such as the internet, email, fax, electronic conferencing, mobile telephones and internet telephony services)
- Applications for publicity and corporate image publications (such as business cards, letterheads, flyers and brochures)
- Applications in manufacturing industries (such as robotics in manufacture and production line control)
- Applications for finance departments (such as billing systems, stock control and payroll)
- School management systems (including registration, records and reports)
- Booking systems (such as those in the travel industry, the theatre and cinemas)
- Applications in banking (including Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT), ATMs for cash withdrawals and bill paying, credit/debit cards, cheque clearing, phone banking, internet banking)
- Applications in medicine (including doctors’ information systems, hospital and pharmacy records,monitoring and expert systems for diagnosis)
- Applications in libraries (such as records of books and borrowers and the issue of books)
- The use of expert systems (for example in mineral prospecting, car engine fault diagnosis, medical diagnosis, chess games)
- Applications in the retail industry (stock control, POS, EFTPOS, internet shopping, automatic reordering)
KEYWORDS
- Communication
- Information
- Technology
- management
- industries
- society
информация
технологии
управление
промышленности
общество
Questions:
1.Describe how ICT has effected employment:
- Describe how there has been a reduction of employment in offices, as workers' jobs have been replaced by computers in a number of fields (e.g. payroll workers, typing pools, car production workers)
- Describe how there has been an increase in employment in other fields (e.g. website designers, computer programmers, delivery drivers in retail stores)
2.Describe how ICT has effected working patterns within organisations:
- Describe how the use of computers has led to a number of employees changing their working patterns (e.g. part-time working, flexible hours, job sharing, compressed hours)
- Describe what is meant by part-time working, flexible hours, job sharing, compressed hours
3.Describe microprocessor-controlled devices in the home:
- Describe the positive effects microprocessors have on aspects of lifestyle (e.g. the amount and use of leisure time, the degree of social interaction, the ability to leave the home)
- Describe the negative effects microprocessors have on aspects of lifestyle (e.g. lack of exercise)
4.Describe potential health problems related to the prolonged use of IT equipment:
- Describe repetitive strain injury (RSI) and what causes it
- Identify other health issues (e.g. back problems, eye problems, headaches)
- Describe some simple strategies for preventing these problems
- Evaluate the use of IT equipment and develop strategies to minimise the health risks
Practical work №2.Introduction to computer systems. Architecture of computer systems
Objective:
- To able to describe and identify the components of a computer system.
- To be able to define the terms used to measure the capacity and speed of a microprocessor, memory, and auxiliary storage.
Learning Outcomes:
- Describe the main components of a computer system.
Information technology (IT) is a technology which uses computers to gather, process, store, protect, and transfer information.
The computer consists of:
hardware – physical computer parts, palpable and visible
software – set of commands that are "understandable" to the computer; instructions to its palpable parts, giving orders what to do
The system unit consists of the following components:
1. Motherboard - MBO
a computer "backbone" responsible for communication between components and transmission of information
2. Central Processing Unit - CPU
functions: command execution, data transmission, computer function control
basic characteristics:
• speed (in Mega Hertz (MHz), Giga Hertz (GHz))
• amount of memory (Cache in Bytes)
3. Random Access Memory - RAM
a memory container for programs that are currently running and data that is being processed
basic characteristics:
• speed (in MHz, GHz)
• capacity (in Bytes)
• data rate class (DDR SDRAM, SDR SDRAM)
4. permanent memory:
Hard Disk Drive - HDD - device (memory) used for permanent data storage data is stored on magnetic platters; electromagnetic heads are used for reading and recording data with the exception of the newest disk types called Solid State Drive (SSD).
basic characteristics:
- disk platters rotation speed (in RPM)
- capacity (in GB)
FloppyDiskDrive - FDD
Оpticaldisks - CD, DVD
5. graphics processing units (GPU)
function: processing and displaying image on the monitor
it consists of a graphics processor and its own working RAM memory
basic characteristics:
• type of graphics processing units (ATI Radeon, NvidiaGeForce, or other)
• RAM size
• connection interface/slot type
Input and output devicesInput devices: / Outputdevices:
- keyboard
- scanner
- touchpad
- mouse
- trackball
- joystick
- microphone
- stylus
- camera (web, digital)
- monitor
- projector
- printer
- plotter
- speakers
- earphones
Device that is both input and output: touchscreen.
Common devices and media for storing and transferring data:
- hard disk
- USB flash drive
- diskette and ZIP diskette
- CD and DVD discs
- memory cards
- internal hard disk
- external hard disk
- networkdiskdrive
- onlinestoragedevice
Keyboard
A standard keyboard has 102 keys. The keys are divided into alphabetical (a-z), numerical (1-0) and special (Function, Ctrl, Alt, Caps Lock,Tablet keys).
There are more special keys above the alphabetical keys; of these thefunction keys(please see next image) are used for different functions, depending on situation and the program currently being used. The manual for these functions is usually available in the manual for the program.
To the left and right of the function keys, you will find the following additional keys: Esc(Escape), Home,End,Page Up,Page Down,Num Lock.
The keyboard also has the rarely used keysPrint Screen,Scroll Lock andPause.
Mouse
Acomputer mouseis apointing device(hand control) that detectstwo-dimensionalmotion relative to a surface. This motion is typically translated into the motion of apointeron adisplay, which allows a smooth control of thegraphical user interface.
Types of Mouse:
- standard mouse(Mechanical – a type of computer mouse that has a rubber or metal ball on on its underside and it can roll in every direction).
- optical mouse(This type uses a laser for detecting the mouse's movement
- wireless mouse.
Types of Monitor:
Cathode Rey Tube(CRT)
Liquid Cristal Display(LCD)
Type of printer:
Dot matrix printer
Inkjet printer
Laser printer
Notebook computer
An extremely lightweightpersonal computer.Notebookcomputerstypically weigh less than 6 pounds and are small enough to fit easily in a briefcase. Aside from size andportability, the principal difference between a notebook computer and a personal computer is thedisplay screen. Notebook computers use a variety of techniques, known asflat-panel technologies,to produce a lightweight and non-bulky display screen.
The quality of notebook display screens varies considerably. Many notebook display screens are limited toVGAresolution. Active-matrix screens produce very sharp images, but they do notrefreshas rapidly as full-sizemonitors.
In terms of computing power, modern notebook computers are nearly equivalent to personal computers. They have the sameCPUs,memorycapacity, anddisk drives. However, all this power in a small package is expensive.
Notebook computers come withbattery packsthat enable you torunthem without plugging them in. However, the batteries need to be recharged every few hours.
KEYWORDS
- Hardware
- Software
- Motherboard
- Central Processing Unit
- Random Access Memory
- Read-only memory
- Hard Disk Drive
- Graphics processing units
- Input devices
- Output devices
- Memory cards
- Touchscreen
программное обеспечение
Материнская плата
Центральное процессорное устройство
Оперативная память
Постоянное запоминaющееустройство
Накопитель на жестком диске
графических процессор
Устройства ввода
Устройства вывода
карты памяти
сенсорный экран
Questions:
- Hardware and software?
2. The main components of computer systems?
3. Input devices and their uses?
- Storage devices and media?
Practicalwork №3.ComputerSoftware. Operatingsystems. Desktopapplications
Objective:
•define and describe operating systems
•identify the two types of software – applications software and system software
Learning Outcomes:
Describe the main components of a computer system.
Powering on and off
The following features are available in most modern personal and laptop computers.
Hibernation:A power saving mode developed especially for laptops.
Standby, Sleep, Suspend:sets the computer in a state from which you can quickly return to using open programs and files.
The start menu and the program groups
- AllPrograms
- Documents
- Pictures
- Music
- Computer
- Control Panel Change your computer settings through the control panel(Control Panel)
- NetworkFind and use different devices and resources in your network
- Devices and Printers Administer available printers and devices
- Defaultprograms
- HelpandSupport
- Search programs and files
- Shut Down
The task bar
Among other things, the task bar shows which programs are currently running. You can alternate between programs by clicking the button of the program you want. In the following image, the programs running are theMozilla Firefoxbrowser and the graphics programPaint Shop Pro.
You can permanently attach programs to the task bar by right-clicking it and choosingPin this program to taskbarfrom the opening menu.
Desktop
Windows desktop
Linux desktop
Depending on the settings and installment, the desktop usually contains the following icons:
- a link to the storage folder for your own files (My Documents, Home etc): please note that the folder itself may be located on the net rather than on the computer.
- the recycle bin: storage for discarded data.
- start icons for different programs: you can open programs from these icons. Please note that you can add your own icons to the desktop. These icons, also known as shortcuts, can be added in Windows 7 by “dragging” the icon you want with the mouse from the source location (e.g. the Start menu) to the desktop.
Icons and shortcuts
In GUIs, icons are used to refer to files, folders, and other items. Icons are usually managed with the mouse, and the appearance of the icon tells us what kind of icon it is; files and folders, for example, have different dedicated icons (the icons presented here are from Windows 7).
Below, you will see the icons of two Folders; the left-hand one is a local folder, the right-hand one is located on the server. By double-clicking the folder icon, the contents of the folder will open in a new window.
Projects that you have saved (e.g. a set of slides) are saved as files on your computer. The file content is shown by its icon and name. The following icons show some of the most common file types and their icons.
Programs – or rather, program files – also have their own icons, which are usually individually dedicated. You can start the program by double clicking the program icon. Youcanseesomeprogramiconsbelow.
Programs installed on the computer often create a shortcut icon on the desktop, making it easier to start and find the program.
The shortcut isnotthe original file, nor a copy of it, but rather a link to a program file located elsewhere. If you remove the shortcut, nothing will happen to the program it is linked to.
You will recognize a shortcut from the arrow symbol in the bottom left corner of the icon (see above). By double-clicking the shortcut, the item linked to it will open up.
HelpandSupportingWindows
You can open the support function in Windows by clickingHelp and Supportin theStartmenu. Alternatively, you can press theF1key while you are on the desktop.
Programs delivered with operating systems
This page will introduce some of the most common programs delivered with each operating system:
- Programsforfilemanagement
- Texteditors
- Calculators
Programsforfilemanagement
Computer: This program, which you will find in theStart menu(and possibly on yourdesktop) allows you to browse files and folders on different storage media.
- Windows Explorer:you will find this program from the menusStart/All programs/Accessories. With the Explorer program, you can move, copy, delete and rename files with the help of a tree view (see left half of image below).
Text editors
1.NotePad
2.Word Pad
Windows and menus
In most operating systems, the windows of programs and files contain buttons for the managing of the windows. The following buttons are very similar in the windows of Windows and Linux, etc.
/ Closes a window or program./ Minimizes the window into the taskbar.
/ Enlarges the window so that it fills the screen. After enlarging, the same button changes into the normalisation button shown below.
/ Returns the window to the size it was before enlarging. After normalisation, the button changes into the enlargement button shown above.
The commands of the menus are usually grouped in the following way.
Menu / Main use of the menuFile / Commands for file-handling, e.g. opening, saving and printing.
Edit / Commands for editing the information, such as moving and copying.
View / Commands for viewing different information.
Format / Commands for formatting the contents of the file.
Help / Instructions on how to use the program.